set sail for 起航去?? set sail from 从??起航 set sb a good example in ? 在??为某人树立榜样 set sb free 释放某人，解放某人 （23）stand短语：
stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人
stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为??的候选人 stand out 突出，显眼 stand up 起立，站起来 stand still = stay still 站着不动 （24）take短语：
take after 与某人相像 take along 带领，携带
take ? apart = separate ? 把??分开 take away 拿走，拿去，使离开 take away from? 从??带／拿走 take back 退回，拿回，收回 take down 拿下，记下，记录 take for? 当作??，误以为是?? take in 吸收，接纳，上当
take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销 take on 呈现 take out 拿出，取出 take over 继承，接管，接替
take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等） take a bank loan 向银行贷款 take a bath 洗澡 take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险 take a critical attitude towards? 对??持批判态度 take a few deep breaths 深呼吸 take / have a degree in ? 取得??学位 take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育 take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信
比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信 take a photo (of ?) （给??）照相，拍（??）照片 take a risk / risks 冒险 take a shower 沐浴，洗澡 take a sip 呡一小口 take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车 take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假 take (an) interest in ? 对??感兴趣
（比较：be into = be interested in 对??感兴趣 have / show interest in 对??感兴趣） take advantage of 对??加以利用
take ? by surprise 对??突然袭击，出乎??意料 take care 小心, 注意 take care of 照顾，照看 take effect 生效，奏效 take exercise 运动，活动 take ? for example 以??为例 take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住 take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张 take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅
（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中） take lessons 上课 take notes 做笔记，做记录 take notice of 注意 take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职） take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动 [比较：take time 花费（时间）] take part 参加（比较：take part in? = join in? = participate in? 参加?? take an active part in? 积极参加??）
take place 发生，出现，举行 [比较：take the place of ? = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位置）] take pride in ?= be proud of? 对??感到自豪
take responsibility for ? = be responsible for ? 对??负起责任 take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱
take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏） take sb seriously 看重某人
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take sb some time to do sth 花费某人??时间去做某事
take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温 take sth along with sb 随身携带某物 take shelter 躲避 take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人
take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（??的）行动 take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事 （25）think短语：
think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）
think of 想到，想起，认为，对??有看法/想法 think out 想出 think over 仔细考虑
think through? 思考??直到得出结论 think up 提出，想出，设计出 think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑
think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对??高度评价 （26）turn短语：
turn against 转而反对，背叛 turn around / round 转身，转过来 turn ? away 赶走??，辞退??，把??打发走
turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等） turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等） turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达 turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝 turn over 把??翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想 turn in 交进，上缴，归还 turn into 变成
turn?into? 把??变成??，转变成 turn to? 转向??，向??求助，查阅 turn out 结果是，生产 turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是 turn right / left 向右/向左拐 turn writer = become a writer 成为作家 2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语 wonder at 惊讶 turn down 调小，拒绝 （l）动词+about （3）动词+away slow down 慢下来 care about 关心，对??有兴趣 die away 逐渐消失 pass down 传下来 bring about 引起，使发生 put away 收拾起来，存起来 calm down 平静下来 set about 着手，开始 pass away 去世 burn down 烧毁 come about 发生 wash away 冲走 tear down 拆毁，拆除 hear about 听说 take away 拿走 come down 下落，传下 worry about 为??担心 give away 背弃，泄漏 break down 坏了，垮了，分解 （2）动词+at send away 让走开 bring down 使??降低，使倒下 aim at 向??瞄准，旨在 turn away 把??打发走 settle down 安家 run at 冲向，向??攻击 wear away 磨掉，消耗 （6）动词+from call at 拜访(地点) throw away 扔掉 die from 因??而死 tear at 用力撕 blow away 吹走 hear from 收到??来信 look at 看，注视 carry away 拿走，使入迷 learn from 向??学习 work at 干??活动（研究） clear away 清除掉，消散 differ from 与??不同 come at 向??袭击 break away 摆脱 suffer from 受??苦 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷 （4）动词+back result from 由于 stare at 凝视 keep back 隐瞒，忍住 separate?from 把??分离开 glare at 怒视 hold back 控制住 keep／stop／prevent?from 不glance at 匆匆一瞥 call back 回电话 让??做 laugh at 嘲笑 take back 拿回，收回 date from=date back to 始于??时knock at 敲（门、窗等） look back(on) 回顾 期，追溯到 point at 指向 （5）动词+down （7）动词+for smile at 冲（某人）笑 cut down 削减，砍倒 run for 竞选 strike at 向??打击 put down 记下，写下，镇压 ask for 要求得到 shoot at 向??射击 take down 记下，记录 beg for 乞求
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call for 需要，要求 become of 发生??情况，怎么啦 （l3）动词十to hunt for 寻找 （l1）动词+out add to 增添 long for 渴望 go out 熄灭 see to 处理，料理 care for 关心，喜欢 set out 出发，着手 turn to 向??求助，查阅 seek for 寻找 try out 试用，试验 come to 共计，苏醒 come for 来拿，来取 put out 扑灭 lead to 导致，通向 apply for 申请 run out 用完 reply to 答复 stand for 代表，表示 let out 泄漏，发出(声音) refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 search for 查找 pick out 选出 bring to 使苏醒 change?for 用??换 hold out 坚持下去 object to 反对 charge?for 收费，要价 wear out 穿破，使??疲劳 point to 指向 take?for 误以为??是 make out 理解，看清楚 relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与?hope/wish for 希望得到 keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 有关 （8）动词十in find out 查出，弄明白 attend to 处理 fill in 填写 work out 算出，想出办法等 belong to 属于 cut in 插入 send out 发出，派遣 supply?to 为??提供 join in 参加 give out 散发，分发，用完 devote?to 贡献给 drop in 拜访 look out 当心，提防 stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于 give in 让步 hand out 散发，分发 compare?to 与?相比，把??比作 take in 接纳，吸收 help out 救助 （l4）三词以上的短语动词 call in 召集，来访 turn out 结果是，生产 make up for 弥补 bring in 引进，使得到收入 come out 出版，出来 look down on / upon 轻视 break in 强制进入，插话 cross out 划掉 break away from 摆脱 result in 导致 carry out 执行 keep away from 避开，别靠近 succeed in 在??获成功 break out 爆发 do away with 废除 persist in 坚持 point out 指出 put up with 忍受 （9）动词十into figure out 算出 catch up with = keep up with 赶上 run into 碰到 bring out 阐明，使表现出 fill up with 用??装满 look into 研究，调查，往里面看 leave out 省略，删掉 look up to 仰望，尊敬 burst into 闯入，进发 speak out 大胆讲出 add up to 总计 change?into 把??变成 （l2）动词+over live up to 依据??行事；做到；不divide?into 把??分成 go over 审阅，检查，研究 辜负（期望） put／translate?into 把??译成 get over 克服 get down to 认真开始 （l0）动词+of run over 压死，看一遍 pay a visit to 访问 talk of 谈到 take over 接管，接替 take / get / catch hold of 握住 think of 想到 turn over 翻倒，细想 run out of 用完 dream of 梦到 fall over 跌倒，摔倒 take notice of 注意 consist of 由??组成 look over 翻阅，检查 take a photo of 拍??照片 approve of 赞成 think over 仔细考虑 take the place of 取代 complain of 抱怨 watch over 看守，照看 set an example to 为??树
3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序） （1）A
a balance diet 均衡饮食 a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微 a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词） a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词） a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词） a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）
a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词） a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词） a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）
a (large / great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）
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plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词） a bunch of flowers 一束花 a cloud of 一团 a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个 a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周 a day or two = one or two days 一两天 a large sum of money 一大笔钱 a length of ? 长?? a live concert 现场直播的音乐会 a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包 a row of 一排，一行 a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套 a set of 一套，一副 a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏
a third of = one third of 三分之一 a total failure 一个彻底的失败者 a total of 总数（量）为 a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的 a waste of (time) 白费(时间)，浪费(时间) a man of name 知名人士 a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界 after a time 一段时间以后 all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立 all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然 all in all 总共，总的来说
an invitation to? 一张??的请柬/请贴 an expert on ? ??方面的专家 as a consequence / result 结果，因此
as a consequence / result of 作为（??的）结果，由于??的结果 as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体 as follows如下（用以列举事项） as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达 as much / many as 多达 as to / for 至于，关于，就??而言 as usual 像往常一样 at a loss 茫然，不知所措 at an early age 年轻时 [
at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时 for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿
for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上 the moment / minute (that) ... 一??就 ??
at birth 出生时，一生下来就 at breakfast 在吃早饭 at hand 近在手边，在附近 (at) home and abroad 在国内外at length 最后，终于，详细地 at once = right away = right now 马上，立即 at present = at the present time 现在, 目前 at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然（比较：by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 in the sea 在海里 on the sea 在海面上） at stake 在危险中 at such a great height 在如此高的高度 at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前） at times 偶尔，有时 at the same time = meanwhile 同时
at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）at various academic levels 不同的学术层次 at war 处于战争/交战状态 at work 忙于工作 at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间 at the base 在底部 at the (very) beginning of ... 在??开始时，在??之初 at the bottom of 在??下端/底部 at the cost of 以??为代价 at a high /low price 以高/低价 at the latest 最迟 at (the) least 至少 [比较：at (the) most 最多] at the mercy of 任由??摆布/控制，在??的掌握中 at the opening /closing (ceremony) of ... 在??开/闭幕式上
at the rate of 以??的比率 at the speed of 以??速度 （比较：at full / high speed 高速） at the top of one’s voice 大声地 at the weekend 在周末 accept ? as? 认为??是??，承认??是??，把??当作?? [比较：regard ? as? 认为??是 treat ? as?把?? 当作 recognize ? as? 认为??是?? view / see / know ? as? 认为??是?? consider ? as ? / consider ? (to be?) 认为??是??
look on ? as? 视??为 refer to ? as? 把??视为 think of? as? / think ? (to be?) 认为??是?? accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉 accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为??/ 做某事 achieve one’s goal 达到目的 achieve success 获得成功 act as 担任，充当 adapt to （改变以）适应 adapt oneself to 使自己适应于 adapt to the new environment 适应新环境 add to 增加，添加 add ?to? 把??加到??上 add up 加起来 add up to 总计达到 adjust to （调整以）适应 adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件
admire sb as? 钦佩某人是?? admire sb for? 钦佩某人的??，因??钦佩某人 advance the deadline 提前最后期限 advance towards? 朝??前进 advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致
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[ 比较：agree on sth 对??达成共识 agree to (the plan) 同意（计划等）]
aim at 向??瞄准，旨在，针对 allow for 顾及，为??做准备 answer for? 对??负责 apologize to sb (for sth) = make an apology to sb (for sth) （因某事）向某人道歉 appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉 appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好 apply for 申请，请求 apply to 应用，适用 appoint sb as? 任命某人当?? approve of 赞成 argue about 争论某事 argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论 ask for a leave 请假 associate?with? 把??与??联系起来 attach to 加在??之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着 attempt to do sth 试图做某事 attend school / university 上学/上大学 attend the meeting 出席会议 attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听 attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意 against the wall 靠着墙 above all 首要的是，尤其是 action film / movie 动作片 advanced mathematics 高等数学 ahead of? 优于，超过，比??早，在??的前面 along with? 和??一起 and things like that ??之类的东西 another day 改天 apart from 除??都，除??以外 around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临 （比较：on the way = in store 即将来临 draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近 ） （2）B
be after 寻找，追踪，追求 be /act against 违背，违反，反对 be off / leaving 离开 be out （灯火）熄灭，（人）外出 be out of 没有，用完 be up 起床 be up against 面对 be up to sb 由某人决定 be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于 be upon 逼近，临近
be anxious about ? 为??而忧虑/着急/担心（比较：be anxious for ? 渴望，非常希望
be concerned about / for? 为??而忧虑/着急/担心 be concerned about / with? 对??关切/关注/感兴趣） be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心 [比较：be careful (not) to do sth 小心（不）做某事] be clear about 对??清楚 be crazy about 对??着迷 be curious about = have the curiosity about 对??感到好奇 be excited about 对?? 感到兴奋 be particular about 对??挑剔 be amazed at 为??感到惊讶 be experienced at 对??有经验 be present at 出席 be shocked at 对??感到震惊
be eager for ? = long for? = be dying for? 渴望得到??（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事） be famous for 因??而闻名，由于??而出名 （比较：be famous as 作为??而闻名 be famous to 对??来说很出名） be fit for = be suitable for 适合 be good to sb 对某人友好
do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处
do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人） be honored for? 因??受到尊敬 be intended for 为了 be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚） be to blame for 因??受到责备 be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上
be caught in (a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake) 突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震） be confident in 在??方面自信 be effective in 在??方面有效 be fluent in (a language) 在（某一门语言）方面很流利
be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在??方面不足 be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速 be rich / high in 在??方面丰富 be set in 以??为背景 be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明
be trapped in 被困在??（比较：be trapped by 被??所困）
be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做） be ashamed of 为??感到羞愧/惭愧 be aware of 意识到，知道 be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢
be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满 be jealous of 嫉妒
be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少 be sure of / about 对??有把握
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