Secondly, the deterioration of the Earth's ecosystem also contributes to this disturbing situation. The rampant practice of deforestation has engendered massive soil erosion and multitude of chemical works, sewage disposal and textile factories discharge their toxic waste into streams, rivers or lakes. (二级分论点) Thirdly, the overexploitation water resources also plays a pivotal role in water scarcity. Awareness of the significance of
water conservation is weak or non-existent on household, community and national levels. 主体段2(不少于7句)Given the severity of the water crisis, we have no alternative but to take vigorous measures to address the situation. To begin with, controlling the drastic
increase of world population is paramount importance. It is imperative that other populous nations learned from China's success in curbing its population surge over the past two decades and introduce more effective birth control methods. Further, the concept of
sustainable development ought to be spread in the international community. Any form of over tapping natural resources must be strictly prohibited. Lastly, mankind must strive to find alternative source of fresh water. For instance, both glacial melt water and desalinated salt water hold huge potential as vast sources of water.
结尾段(不少于2句) To summarize, causes of the shortage of fresh water are multiple. Birth-control measures, promotion of sustainable development and research about alternative water resources are all effective ways to alleviate this modern-day scourge.
环境类8分范文
Today we have entered a \ plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. What are the causes of this phenomenon and what measures do you recommend to solve this problem 题目要求分析现象的两个方面,写成4段式
开头段3+1: paraphrase the topic + thesis statement (转述题目+主旨句) 转述题目(不少于3句)
In present-day society, plastic containers and utensils are pervasive in the city and the country alike. These plastics shopping bags, chopsticks, to-go boxes and mineral-water bottles, to name but a few, when not properly disposed of , engender a colossal amount of non-biodegradable refuse. It is manifest that we have embarked upon a \ when plastic trash is dumped indiscriminately and irresponsibly. Hence, it is imperative that we identify the causes of this phenomenon and pinpoint the effective remedies. 模板中可以替代的单词:Hence—thus, therefore; crucial-essential, vitally important, imperative; ascertain—determine, pinpoint, identify; solutions—remedies.
主体段第一段:1+6:topic sentence+3subarguments+3supporting sentences(主题句+3 个二级论点+3句论证0
(主题句模板)From my own perspective, the causes of this phenomenon are manifold. (二级分论点1)To begin with, at present the majority of individuals who shop or eat out regularly are still poorly-informed, uninformed or misinformed about the baneful influence that non-biodegradable pollutants exert on the ecosystem, which is the chief culprit in the global-scale mishandling of the plastic waste. (论证二级分论点1) The primary component of such trash cannot decompose over the process of the next hundreds of years if no
major scientific breakthrough comes along in refuse treatment. (二级分论点2) Further, the proliferation of plastic shopping bags and eating utensils is largely engendered by the
surging consumerism. (论证二级分论点2) Plastic containers and utensils are lighter in weight, cheaper(often free of charge) in price and water-resistant in performance, which makes them preferable in customers' eyes. (二级分论点3) Lastly, plastic bags and containers are also cost-effective since they are cheaper to manufacture, ship, and
store.(论证二级分论点3) These considerations also have prompted the good old cloth or paper bags to be supplanted by plastic bags and environmental affliction ensue.
主题句模板中可以替换的单词:From my own perspective—in my view, as I see it, as far as I am concerned
主体段第二段1+6: topic sentence+3subarguments+3supporting sentences (主题句+3 个二级分论点+3句论证)
(主题句模板)Given the severity of this phenomenon, we have no alternative but to take immediate steps to address this situation. (二级分论点1) In the first place, we must do our utmost to enhance people's awareness of how persistent and devastating
non-biodegradable trash can be to our environment and our descendants. (论证二级分论 点1) The government and the technologists should spare no effort in advocating the use of environmentally-friendly containers. (二级分论点2)In the second place, biochemical research must be launched here and now in pursuit of effective means of converting non-biodegradable refuse to biodegradable refuse. (论证二级分论点2) And the
government should allocate enough funding to such research on the corporate level. (二级 分论点3) In the third place, retail stores and restaurants should strive to encourage their customer to reuse plastic packing items. (论证二级分论点3) A tax levied by the government on the use of plastic bags in businesses will, doubtless, help to curb this massive \
主题句模板中可以替换的单词:Given—considering; severity—scale; alternative—option; take immediate steps—take prompt steps; address—combat, tackle,机位resolve 结尾段2句,概括上文
Non-biodegradable refuse can devastate soil, water and the biota. We must start combating this environmental catastrophe before the entire ecosystem breaks down under the reign of the plastic debris.
Environment 类常用词汇
Environment
30) 生态平衡 ecological balance / ecological equilibrium 可持续发展 sustainable development 环保主义者 environmentalists/ conservationists 对环境无害的 environmentally-friendly 节约使用 conserve(vt) 保护preserve 再利用(动词)
reuse/recycle 各国必须携手解决环境问题:Countries on this planet must join forces/ make a concerted effort /unite to combat/tackle/resolve/address environmental
problems. 增强公众关于…的意识 raise/ elevate the public awareness of something 短缺 shortage/ scarcity/ dearth/ lack 给资源造成很大压力 put a strain on the already stretched resource 破坏自然资源 wreak havoc on natural resources 看法森林 deforestation 污染pollute/ contaminate 有毒的 poisonous/ toxic
31) 增加农产品产量 boost crop yield 可再生资源 renewable resource 不可再生资源 non-renewable resource(包括金属metal, 矿产 minerals, 石油 petroleum, 天然气 natural gas, 煤coal等,后三种可以总称为fossil fuels) 消耗(某种资源)
consume/deplete 用尽 use up/ exhaust 严厉的措施 harsh action/ measures 生态系 统 ecosystem/ ecological system 某一地区所有的生物的总称 the wildlife in a region/ the biota(=flora + fauna) of a region 生物多样性 biodiversity
32) 污水effluent/sewage 排放discharge 温室效应 greenhouse effect /global warming 严 重的severe /grave 白色污染产生的垃圾 non-biodegradable garbage / wastes that cannot decompose or break down/ inorganic trash 谴责而不是纵容 condemn rather than condone(vts) something 臭氧层ozone layer 肥沃的土壤 fertile soil 贫瘠的土壤 infertile soil 耕地 arable land/ farmland
Environment 类模板
The earth's ecosystem has been deteriorating at a staggering rate. 地球的生态系统正以一种惊人的速度恶化.
In this day and age, the impact man exerts on the environment is massive in scale. 在当代, 人类对环境的影响式巨大的.
Environment 类名人名言
\ forests.\—quoted in Newsweek
\—good planets are hard to find.\
九、Crime 类
犯罪类 There are an increasing number of juvenile delinquents. What are the cause of this phenomenon
只分析一个方面(产生原因),写成5段式
开头段(不少于4句)In this day and age, the incidence of juvenile offenses has been growing at an alarming rate. Today, the sheer number of juvenile offenders has reached staggering proportions. A recent survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences revealed that one out of four crimes today was carried out by minors. Hence, it is imperative that we pinpoint the causes of this disturbing phenomenon.
主体段1(不少于4句)In the first place, many instance of juvenile delinquency have been attributed to the violent or pornographic content of some TV shows and video games. Now we are facing a proliferation of blood and guts and nudity on TV, the computer and the Internet. Many youngsters, especially boys, get addicted to such scenes. Lacking the capacity to distinguish between right and wrong, they develop criminal tendencies.
主体段2(不少于4句)In the second place, parental neglect and domestic violence play a pivotal role in the increase of youth crimes. Today there are an ever-growing number of dysfunctional families. The children raised in such families tend to be afflicted with constant fear. In the end, they develop a hatred for society and other individuals.
主体段3(不少于4句)In the third place, there is a definite correlation between the increase of juvenile crime rate and the rise of adult crime rate in society. The more adult crimes, the higher the probability of youngsters falling prey to adult offenders. Many youths are tempted by evil adults into committing crimes. And some others are victims of adult offenses and become criminals themselves to get their revenge on society. 英文表示\关系\
结尾段(不少于2句)In sum, many factors contribute to the surge of juvenile delinquency. It is crucial that we take vigorous measures to tackle these problems and ensure that the future or our nation—that is, the youngsters, have a more promising future ahead of them.
Crime 类8分范文
Some people think the media should not report details of crimes to the public. To what extent do you agree or disagree
一边倒写法=写完全同意或者完全不同意:五段式 开头段(不少于4句)
With the crime rate hovering at high level, the print media as well as the electronic media dedicate large proportions of their space or airtime to detailed crime coverage. Whether the media should present detailed accounts of crimes has triggered spirited debate. Many assert that the news media should stop giving details of crimes. Speaking for myself, I totally agree with their views.
表示同意可以替换成 approve of /wholeheartedly support/ cannot agree with their view more/ consent to/ am for
不同意可以替换成 disagree with/ am against/ am opposed to / object to/ disapprove of/ cannot go along with 主体段1(不少于4句)
In the first place, given the mercenary motives behind most detailed crime coverage, it is imperative that we discourage such coverage. The principal purpose of reporter covering criminal acts is to boost newspaper circulations or television ratings; much detailed crime coverage is biased or exaggerated. It only serves to leave a multitude of citizens constantly fearful about crime. 主体段2(不少于4句)
In the second place, detailed reports of crimes by the press afford the potential criminals very useful learning materials. Reporting crimes in graphic detail helps those who are in the process of plan some criminal act to perfect their plans. Drawing on the
well-documented crime stories in the media, would-be criminals learn how to avoid the mistakes in their crime. And this may aggravate the already soaring crime rate. 主体段3(不少于4句)
In the third place, detailed reports of heinous crimes may traumatize the victims of the reported crimes. The reporters rarely consult the victims before they describe details of horrific crimes to the public. Hence, such reports become nothing more than an attempt to satisfy the curiosity of some base minds. Without the victims' consent, graphic accounts of crimes may become nightmares to them. 结尾段(不少于2句)
In sum, detailed crime coverage in the media undermines our lives in several ways. I am convinced if such reports continue to go uncontrolled, it will exert even more baneful influence on individuals, communities and societies.
Crime 类常用词汇
33) 触犯法律 break/ violate/ flout/ disobey the law 犯罪 commit a crime 罪行offences/ crimes/ criminal acts 罪犯 criminal/ offender/ culprit /perpetrator 从犯 accomplice /
accessory (noun)(后者指帮助犯罪单未直接参与的人) 憎恨社会 resent society/ hold a grudge against society 囚犯 inmate/convicts 受害者 victim 心理创伤 trauma 牢房 cell 监禁 imprison / incarcerate(vts) someone 被绳之以法be brought to justice
34) 宽容的 lenient 改造罪犯 reform/ rehabilitate criminals 执法部门 law enforcement agencies 重罪 heinous crime/ flagitious crime/ felony 轻罪 petty crime /
misdemeanor 初犯的人 first-time offender 惯犯 hardened criminals/ repeat criminals 再次犯罪revert to crime 守法的公民 law-abiding citizens 遵守法律 abide by/ comply with the law 无视… disregard 给某人造成心理创伤 traumatize someone 抓捕 track down/ hunt down/ capture 犯罪倾向 criminal tendency
Crime 类模板
Crime
With the incidence of crime hovering at high levels, many people have become disturbed and alarmed.
随着犯罪率居高不下,很多人被困扰并变得警觉.
The proliferation of criminal acts has rendered many citizens apprehensive and fearful. 严重罪行的扩散让很多人变得恐惧害怕.
Crime 类名人名言
\ children grow up today.\
\—Roman philosopher Seneca
十、Woman & Families 类
女性与家庭类 Some people think women should be allowed to join the army, the navy and the air force just like men. Do you agree or disagree 开头段3+1,转述题目+主旨句
Gender inequality was a highly controversial issue in the twentieth century. Today, five years into the new millennium, even in the most progressive countries there are still numerous arenas restricted to males only and the military is one of them. Some assert that this situation must be altered and women should be enabled to join the armed forces. Personally, I wholeheartedly support their view.
其中主旨句模板词汇可以替换为:personally—from my own perspective, in my view, as I see it, as far as I am concerned, speaking for myself; wholeheartedly support—totally agree with, approve of, cannot agree with their view more, consent to, am for 如果完全反 对可以吧wholeheartedly support 换成disagree with, am against, am opposed to, object to, disapprove of, cannot go along with 主体段第一段1+3,主题句+论证3句
In the first place, historically there were a host of valiant women soldiers whose feats really put their male counterparts to shame. (论证主题句3句) The world-renowned Joan of Arc and Mulan were the prime examples of how exceptionally ladies could perform in combat. Their extraordinary determination, courage and integrity have been admired by