(Ⅱ)解法一:设点T的坐标为(x,y).
当|PT|?0时,点(a,0)和点(-a,0)在轨迹上.
当|PT|?0且|TF2|?0时,由|PT|?|TF2|?0,得PT?TF2. 又|PQ|?|PF2|,所以T为线段F2Q的中点. 在△QF1F2中,|OT|?12|F1Q|?a,所以有x2?y2?a2. 综上所述,点T的轨迹C的方程是x2?y2?a2.
解法二:设点T的坐标为(x,y). 当|PT|?0时,点(a,0)和点(-a,0)在轨迹上. 当|PT|?0且|TF2|?0时,由PT?TF2?0,得PT?TF2.
又|PQ|?|PF2|,所以T为线段F2Q的中点.
?x
设点Q的坐标为(x?,y?),则??x???c?2,,因此??x??2x?c, ??y??2y. ① ?y?y??2. 由|F21Q|?2a得(x??c)?y?2?4a2. ② 将①代入②,可得x2?y2?a2.
综上所述,点T的轨迹C的方程是x2?y2?a2.
?x2y2③0?0?a2, (Ⅲ)解法 C上存在点M(x20,y0)使S=b的充要条件是:?? ?1?2?2c|y20|?b.④ 由④得|yb2b4b2b20|?2c. 上式代入③得x?a20?c2?(a?c)(a?c)?0. 于是,当2a?bc时,存在点M,使S=b2;
当2a?b时,不存在满足条件的点M.
c
当2a?bc时,记ky0y01?kF1M?x?c,k2?kFM, 2?0x0?c
由|F1F2|?2a,知?F1MF2?90?,所以tan?FMF?|k1?k2121?k|?2.
1k2变6:(I)设椭圆方程为x2y2演a2?b2?1(a?b?0),半焦距为c, 则
a2|MA1|?c?a,|A1F1|?a?c,
?a2?c?a?2(a?c)由题意,得 ??x2y2?2a?4, 解得a?2,b?3,c?1,故椭圆方程为??1 ?4?a2?b2?c23??(II)设P(m,y0),|m|?1
当y0?0时,?F1PF2?0
当y0?0时, 0??F?1PF2??PF1M?2,?只需求tan?F1PF2的最大值即可.
直线PFy01的斜率K1?m?1,直线PFy02的斜率K2?m?1, ?tan?F?|K2?K12|y0|2|y0|11PF21?K|?22?1K2m?1?y02m2?1?|y?2 0|m?1当且仅当m2?1=|y0|时,?F1PF2最大,
演变7:设椭圆方程为x2y2a2?b2?1(a?b?0),F(c,0),
c,代入x2AB的方程为y?x?y2 则直线a2?b2?1
化简得(a2?b2)x2?2a2cx?a2c2?a2b2?0.
令A(x2a2c1,y1),B(x2,y2),则 x1?x2?xa2c2?a2b2,1x2?.
由???OA?????OB??a2?b22b2?(x?????????a?1?x2,y1?y2),a?(3,?1),OA?OB与a共线,得
3(y1?y2)?(x1?x2)?0.
又y1?x1?c,y2?x2?c,∴3(x1?x2?2c)?(x1?x2)?0
∴x3c2a2c1?x2?2即a2?b2?3c222,∴a?3b ∴c?a2?b2?6ac63,故离心率为e?a?3.
x2y2(II)证明:由(I)知a?3b,所以椭圆2?2?1可化为x2?3y2?3b2.
ab?????设OM?(x,y),由已知得(x,y)??(x1,y1)??(x2,y2)
22于是?1?1?e2?
22. 即当??时,△PF1F2为等腰三角形.
33
?x??x1??x2, ??y??y1??y2.?M(x,y)在椭圆上, ?(?x1??x2)2?3(?y1??y2)2?3b2.
222即 ?2(x1?3y12)??2(x2?3y2)?2??(x1x2?3y1y2)?3b2. ①
a2c2?a2b2323322122?c 由(I)知x1?x2?c,a?c,b?c.∴x1x2?222a2?b28∴x1x2?3y1y2?x1?x2?3(x1?c)(x2?c)
39?4x1x2?3(x1?x2)c?3c2?c2?c2?3c2?0.
22222又x1?3y12?3b2,x2?3y2?3b2又,代入①得 ?2??2?1.故?2??2为定值1. 演变8:(Ⅰ)因为A、B分别是直线l:y?ex?a与x轴、y轴的交点,所以A、B的坐标分
aaa别是(?,0),(0,a).设M的坐标是(x0,y0),由AM??AB得(x0?,y0)??(,a),
eee?a?22x?(??1)x0y0?0所以? 因为点M在椭圆上,所以 2?2?1, eab?y??a.?0a[(??1)]2(?a)2(1??)2?2e即?2?1,所以??1. 222abe1?ee4?2(1??)e2?(1??)2?0, 解得e2?1??即??1?e2.
(Ⅱ)解:因为PF1⊥l,所以∠PF1F2=90°+∠BAF1为钝角,要使△PF1F2为等腰三角形,必有|PF1|=|F1F2|.设点P的坐标是(x0,y0),
1?y0?0???e?x?c则?0?y0?0?ex0?c?a.?2?2?e2?3x?c,??0e2?1 解得?2?y?2(1?e)a.0?e2?1?(e2?3)c2(1?e2)a22?c]?[2]?4c2, 由|PF1|=|F1F2|得[2e?1e?1(e2?1)2122e?. ?e.两边同时除以4a,化简得 从而23e?12