验算强度:
?x??y22?14?82?4?(72?142?212)?3640(cm2)
Nxmax?TTTymax68?21?100??39.23(kN) 223640?x??yTxmax136?8?100??29.8(kN) 22x?y3640??Nymax?Ny?PPP544??38.86(kN) mn2?7Nx?0
强度:
(Nxmax?Nx)2?(Nymax?Ny)2?78.462?(29.8?38.86)2?104.26(kN)?Nv?121.5(kN)TPTPb可,每侧所需螺栓数目为7个。
5.9解:
预拉力值:P?190kN
螺栓杆被剪断承载力:Nvb?0.9nf?P?0.9?1?0.45?190?76.95kN 单个螺栓受拉承载力:Ntb?0.8P?0.8?190?152kN 单个螺栓受剪力和拉力的设计值:NvN?NtN?因为螺栓同时受剪和受拉,需满足:
NvNt?b?1 解得:n?3.9 取n?4 bNvNtN?221402?kN 2nn摩擦型连接无需验算孔壁承压强度
6.2解:
由结点b的力的平衡可得:
Ab杆受压力F1?12.37KN Cb杆受拉力F2?12.37KN 需要的构件截面面积:An?A?N12.37?1000??10?2?0.576cm2 f215其中Ab杆为压杆,Cb为拉杆。 Cb杆需要的截面回转半径为
ix????lox?l3?2?1003?2?100?1.06cm iy?oy??1.06cm
???400400由截面面积和回转半径可选用截面如下: 选用2?45?5
供给A?2?4.292cm2?8.584cm2?0.576cm2
ix?1.37cm?1.06cm iy?2.18cm?1.06cm
A,ix,iy均满足要求,无需验算。 Ab杆需要的截面回转半径为:
loy3?2?1003?2?100ix???2.12cm iy???2.12cm ??????200200lox可选2?70?4
供给A?2?5.57cm2?11.14cm2?0.576cm2
ix?2.18cm?2.12cm
iy?3.14cm?2.12cm
对X轴:??lox3?2?100 ??194.62
ix2.18
此截面为B类截面,查表知??0.195
N12.37?1000??56.67N/mm2?f?215N/mm2,稳定性符合要求,?A0.195?11.14?100可。
(同理,可得对Y轴:??lox3?2?100??135.12 ix3.14
此截面为B类截面,查表知??0.365
N12.37?1000稳定性符合要求,可。) ??30.42N/mm2?215N/mm2,
?A0.365?11.14?100
6.5解:
以实轴为X轴,虚轴为Y轴,则有:
37?42.8336.4?4031.4?3733Ix???47608.5cm Iy??2?11819cm3
121212A?1.4?37?2?0.6?40?127.6cm2
ix?Ix?19.32cm iy?AIyA?9.62cm
?x?loy400lox800??41.6 ??41.4 ?y?ix19.32iy9.62此工字钢截面对x轴屈曲为B类截面,对y轴屈曲为C类截面。查表知:
?x?0.893 ?y?0.83
N?f N?1.2?30%?Nk?1.4?70%?Nk?1.34Nk
?minA1.34Nk??minAf?0.83?215?127.6?100?103?2277KN
解得:NK?1699.3KN
6.6解:
N?1.2?1600?0.3?1.4?1600?0.7?2144000N?2144KN
lox?800cm loy?400cm
此工字钢对x轴屈曲为b类截面,对Y轴屈曲为c类截面 (1)试取?x??y?60 查附表1.20可知:
?x?0.807 ?y?0.709
ix?lox?13.3cm iy?loy?x?y?6.67cm
iy0.24需要翼缘板宽度:b?需要腹板宽度:h??27.78cm
ix?31.01cm 0.43N2144?103需要截面面积:A???10?2?140.65cm2
?minf0.709?215试选截面:2?16?280 Af?89.6cm2 1?16?320 Aw?51.2cm2
A?Af?Aw?140.8cm2
(2)试取?x??y?50 查表知:?x?0.856 ?y?0.775
ix?lox?x?16cm iy?loy?y?8cm
iyix?33.33cm h??37.21cm b?0.240.43
2144?103故A???10?2?128.67cm2
?minf0.775?215Nt?b?11.1mm2?10?0.1?x?(b
取340mm)考虑到容许宽厚比
h0235,tw不宜取太小,故取t=14mm ??25?0.5??twfytw?A?2bt?9mm,取tw?10mm hw试选截面:2?14?340 Af?2?34?1.4?95.2cm2 1?10?370 Aw?1.0?37?37cm2
A?Af?Aw?132.2cm2?128.67cm2
(3)??40略
经比较,方案二较为合理,采用第二个方案 截面尺寸:2?14?340 1?10?370
Ix?113bh3??b?tw?hw??34?39.83?33?373?39331.16cm41212????ix?Iy?Ix?16.42cm A1132tb3?hwtw??2?1.4?343?37?13?9174.02cm4 1212????iy?IyA?8.39cm
?x?loyix?46.4 ?y?loyiy?48.02
查表知:?x?0.874,?y?0.788 (4)验算整体稳定: