老托福精选95-05阅读理解原文、真题及答案
14. It can be inferred that orchestra conductors who worked in movie theaters needed to (A) be able to play many instruments (B) have pleasant voices
(C) be familiar with a wide variety of music (D) be able to compose original music 15. The word \ (A) years (B) hands (C) pieces (D) films
16. According to the passage, what kind of business was the Edison Company? (A) It produced electricity. (B) It distributed films.
(C) It published musical arrangements. (D) It made musical instruments.
17. It may be inferred from the passage that the first musical cue sheets appeared around (A) 1896 (B) 1909 (C) 1915 (D) 1927
18. Which of the following notations is most likely to have been included on a musical cue sheet of the early 1900's?
(A) \(B) \(C) \
(D) \
19. The word \ (A) selected (B) combined (C) played (D) created
20. The word \ (A) totals (B) successes
(C) musical compositions (D) groups of musicians
21. The passage probably continues with a discussion of (A) famous composers of the early twentieth century (B) other films directed by D. W. Griffith (C) silent films by other directors (D) the music in Birth of a Nation
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老托福精选95-05阅读理解原文、真题及答案
Questions 22-31
The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate rocks that are semimolten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust. There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper, lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earth's surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean flow are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semimolten lower mantle to produce all of the major topographical features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occurs are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.
There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. New oceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth's crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions of lava at midocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents, a rift is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the sea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and
Afro-European plates move in opposite directions. At the same time at margins of converging plates, the oceanic crust is being reabsorbed by being subducted into the mantle and remelted beneath the ocean trenches. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks, too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates. 22. The word \ (A) adapts to (B) benefits from (C) consists of (D) focuses on
23. According to the passage, on approximately what percent of the Earth's surface is the continental crust found? (A) 15 (B) 40 (C) 70 (D) 100
24. The word \ (A) crusts (B) kilometers (C) plates (D) continents
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老托福精选95-05阅读理解原文、真题及答案
25. The word \ (A) surface (B) sudden (C) rare (D) extreme
26. What does the second paragraph of the passage mainly discuss? (A) The major mountain chains of the Earth (B) Processes that create the Earth's surface features (C) The composition of the ocean floors (D) The rates at which continents move
27. Which of the following drawings best represents a transform contact (line 13-14)? (A) (B) (C) (D)
28. The word \ (A) edges (B) peaks (C) interiors (D) distances
29. The word \ (A) separate (B) create (C) reduce (D) hold
30. According to the passage, mountain range are formed when (A) the crust is remelted (B) two plates separate (C) a rift is flooded
(D) continental plates collide
31. Where in the passage does the author describe how oceans are formed? (A) Lines 3-4 (B) Lines 6-8 (C) Lines 16-18 (D) Lines 19-21
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老托福精选95-05阅读理解原文、真题及答案
Questions 32-40 Biological Diversity
Keywords: diversity，species，Earth，human，animal，plant
Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated with tropical rain-forest habitats. Relatively little has been said, however, about diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forests in terms of richness of life.
An alien exploring Earth would probably give priority to the planet's dominants, most-distinctive feature-the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land that sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy only one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two-thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times greater than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising, considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species. One scientist found many different species of ants in just one tree from a rain forest. While every species is different from every other species, their genetic makeup constrains them to be insects and to share similar characteristics with 750,000 species of insects. If basic, broad categories such as phyla and classes are given more emphasis than differentiating between species, then the greatest diversity of life is unquestionably the sea. Nearly every major type of plant and animal has some representation there. To appreciated fully the diversity and abundance of life in the sea, it helps to think small. Every spoonful of ocean water contains life, on the order of 100 to 100,000 bacterial cells plus assorted microscopic plants and animals, including larvae of organisms ranging from sponges and corals to starfish and clams and much more. 32.What is the main point of the passage? (A) Humans are destroying thousands of species. (B) There are thousands of insect species.
(C) The sea is even richer in life than the rain forests. (D) Coral reefs are similar to rain forests.
33.The word \ (A) ignorance (B) recognition (C) tolerance (D) forgiveness
34.Why does the author compare rain forests and coral reefs (lines 4-6)? (A) They are approximately the same size. (B) They share many similar species. (C) Most of their inhabitants require water (D) Both have different forms of life
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老托福精选95-05阅读理解原文、真题及答案
35.The word \ (A) concern (B) disadvantage (C) attitude (D) prejudice
36.The passage suggests that most rain forest species are (A) insects (B) bacteria (C) mammals (D) birds
37.The word \ (A) the sea (B) the rain forests (C) a tree
(D) the Earth's surface
38.The author argues that there is more diversity of life in the sea than in the rain forests because (A) more phyla and classes of life are represented in the sea (B) there are too many insects to make meaningful distinctions (C) many insect species are too small to divide into categories (D) marine life-forms reproduce at a faster rate
39.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of microscopic sea life? (A) Sponges (B) Coral (C) Starfish (D) Shrimp
40.Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage? (A) Ocean life is highly adaptive.
(B) More attentions needs to be paid to preserving ocean species and habitats. (C) Ocean life is primarily composed of plants.
(D) The sea is highly resistant to the damage done by pollutants. Questions 41-50
What geologists call the Basin and Range Province in the United States roughly coincides in its northern portions with the geographic province known as the Great Basin. The Great Basin is hemmed in on the west by the Sierra Nevada and on the east by the Rocky Mountains; it has no outlet to the sea. The prevailing winds in the Great Basin are from the west. Warm, moist air from the Pacific Ocean is forced upward as it crosses the Sierra Nevada. At the higher altitudes it cools and the moisture it carriers is precipitated as rain or snow on the western slopes of the mountains. That which reaches the Basin is air wrung dry of moisture. What little water falls there as rain or snow, mostly in the winter months, evaporates on the broad, flat desert floors. It is, therefore, an environment in which organisms battle for survival. Along the rare watercourses, cottonwoods and willows eke out a sparse existence. In the upland ranges, pinon pines and junipers struggle to hold their
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