社会热点话题
用My View On Fake Commodity改写Brain Drain
Brain Drain
Brain drain is a delicate problem with which our country is confronted. In the last ten years or so, a lot of scientists and technicians have swarmed into developed countries for further studies or research work, let alone numerous promising students. And there are no indications that they will be back home before long. Our country has paid the expenses of training them but lost them. How did that come about?
It is self-evident that their delay of coming back is due to those favorable working and living conditions which are essential to research work. Sophisticated equipment makes it easier for one to gain academic achievements. Our competent scientists abroad are offered higher rewards and greater opportunities which contribute to their success in career.
It seems that it isn?t impossible to solve the problem and attract the scientists and the like back home so long as great importance is attached to the intellectual?s deserving treatment and effective measures are taken to provide them with excellent pay and agreeable conditions.
My View on Brain Drain
The prevalence of brain drain has been a big problem in our society. Almost every day in newspapers carry articles pertaining to brain drain . Although measures have been implemented to deal with this problem, it still remains a serious threat.
A multitude of factors, both individual and social contribute to brain drain. For one thing, a large of scientists and technicians have swarmed into developed countries for favorable living and working conditions which are essential to research and work. Sophisticated equipment also makes it easier to gain academia achievement. For another, a great many top universities in developed countries offer higher rewards and greater opportunities which contribute to their success in career.
There are several ways to address this problem. Rules and regulations should be implemented to control. At the same time, people with outstanding academic perfoming should be educated to gain their willness of coming back. With tough laws and an educated public, brain drain will become a thing of the past.
[讲义] 15．A +{Number\\multitude}+ of factors, both + {physical and psychological\\academic and professional\\individual and social} + {affect\\influence\\contribute to\\both promote},….
2002年6月真题范文：
Topic: Student Use of Computers (at least150 words)
Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week
As is shown by the bar graph, the average number of hours a student in a certain university spends on the computer per week increased dramatically over the period from 1990 to 2000. In 1990, it was less than two hours. And in 1995, it hit four hours. And in 2000, the number soared to nearly twenty hours, which is over ten times than that of 1990.
第一段还有一种写法：
In 1990, the number was less than 2 hours, while the figure hit 4 hours（或者这样写：while in 1995, ）as compared with that of 1990, it had almost doubled. And what impress us most is that the figure soared to ……, which……
Obviously computers are becoming increasingly popular for males and for females. A multitude of factors could account for the rise. In the first place, computers facilitate us in more aspects of life. Also, the rapid development of the internet enlarges our demands for using computers. We can easily contact friends in remote places through the internet. In the second place, the prices of computers are getting lower and lower, which enable more students to purchase them.
However, there still exist some problems, such as, poor quality, out-of-date designs and so on. And how to balance the time between using computers an studying is also a serious problem. Anyhow, we will benefit a lot from computers as long as we use them properly.
私人信件（Personal Letters）；公文信函（Business Letters）
2001.6 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter.
Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese. 1. 表示欢迎
2. 提出过度假安排的建议 3. 提醒应注意的事项
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 23,2001 Dear Xiao Wang
2002.1
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic:
A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
January 12th, 2002 Dear Mr. President,
Li Ming 信内格式
日期Date (Aug 5, 2003)
称谓Solution (Dear Sir or Madam\\To whom it may concern), Body部分顶格写，段落之间要空格。 署名Sincerely Yours, Li Ming
书信题写作五点基本结构
开门见山说意图 咨询建议一二三 不同内容可分段 感谢客气不可少 期盼回信成老套 （一）开 头 段：
1、告知对方你的身份（假如对方不认识你）
Dear Sir/Mr. Prometheus,
I was a student at your college, enrolled in Philosophy Department. / I am a … at your …
/ I am a … at your college, enrolled in the … course. / My name is …, I am ….
2、问候收信人（假如他/她是你的朋友）
Dear Prometheus,
Hello/Hi. How are you? / I hope everything is fine. / How are things going with you? / How are you getting on in……? 3、解释写信的原因 （1）致谢：
I deeply appreciate your courtesy and I hope to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.
/ I am greatly indebted to you for (the double) you have gone to on my behalf.
/ Thank you for your letter about studying in Canada. / I am writing to you to express my heartfelt gratitude. / I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for……. / I would like to thank you most sincerely for……. （2）抱怨：
I am writing to complain about the poor service at your dining-room. / I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at … / I wish to make a complaint about……. / I am writing to draw your attention to……. / I am afraid I have got a complaint about……. （3） 致歉：
I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information regarding the following aspects.
/ I am writing to you because I am unable to……. / I am terribly sorry that…….
/ I would like to express my apologies for not being able to……. （4）询问：
I would like to obtain/request/seek/inquire about some information about…
/ I am writing to ask if you can do me a favor.
/ I would like some detailed information on/about……
（二） 结 尾 段：
1、发出请求
（1） Please give this matter your immediate attention.
（2）I would very much appreciate it if……as soon as possible.
（3）Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision. 2、提供帮助
（1）I hope these ……will be helpful, and please feel free to contact me for more information. （2）……will be taking over responsibility for you and if you should need any assistance, she/he will be pleased to help you. 3、再次表示歉意或感激
（1）Thank you for your kind assistance.
（2）Please accept my heartfelt thanks and deepest gratitude, now and always.
（3）I am sorry that I cannot……, and trust that you will understand.
（4）In addition, let me apologize for any inconvenience I may have caused. （5）I shall feel obliged by a reply at your earliest convenience. （6）Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused. 4、期盼回信
（1）I look forward to your prompt response. （2）Looking forward to a prompt reply. （3）I expect to hear from you very soon. （4）I hope to receive your reply shortly.
（5）I am already eagerly awaiting your reply to this first letter.
2001年6月真题范文：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter.
Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the suggestions given below in Chinese.
1.表示欢迎
2.提出过度假安排的建议 3.提醒应注意的事项
Dear Xiao Wang,
Is it really true? Are you coming to visit me for the upcoming holiday? We have not seen each other for such a long time and I have missed you.
Do you have any plans for what you would like to do? Since you are not familiar with where I live, I can make some recommendations. There are many scenic spots in the suburbs. When you first get here, we could plan a camping trip with some of my classmates. We can also visit the museums which are very interesting. And, we can go shopping! The shopping malls downtown are large and many have discount promotions during the holidays.
What do you think of my recommendations? I should tell you that the weather here is much colder so you should bring a warm overcoat. Please also take care of your belonging during your travel here as there has been much theft reported.
I am looking forward to your visit.
My best wishes.
Yours,
Zhang Ying
2002年1月真题范文：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition
on the topic: A Letter to the University President about the Canteen Service on Campus You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:
假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。
January
12th,2002
Dear Mr. President,
I’m very lucky to attend this world-famous university, but I’m afraid I’m not content with the canteen service on campus.
Firstly, the quality of the dishes should be improved. Undoubtedly, there are a lot of delicious dishes, but all the year, they are the same. More and more students are complaining about eating the same food each day. So I think the most urgent problem is variety.
Secondly, the price is a bit too high. Many of us hope that the canteen can provide us with not only delicious but also cheaper food.
Finally, the environment is so noisy that we can’t enjoy our meals in good mood. I suggest that there be some soft music to help us relax.
Those presented suggestions are not just of my own, but also of many other students. We hope our respectable president will pay attention to your suggestions.
By the way, the canteen workers are very patient and always smiling. So I think if our university offers them better conditions, they will offer us better service.
Best wishes,
Yours sincerely, Li Ming
综 合 改 错（Errors Correction）：
一、语法错误 二、词汇错误 三、逻辑错误 四、多词少词
Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature
of our periods. Many of the arguments 1.time/times/age having used for the study for literature as a 2. / school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. the
综 合 改 错（Errors Correction）：
一、 语法错误
1、平行结构(not only...but also\\both...and\\either...or\\and)
1) A professor?s salary is higher than a secretary.[secretary?s]
2) One of these is informative, interesting, and is easy to understand.[去掉] 3) Defining a problem is easier than to provide a solution.[providing] 2、连词错误
1) Candle will later be replaced by lamp, that could burn longer and lighter.
[which]
2) The children attended a small elementary school (often of just one room) to
that they had to walk every day, possibly for a few miles. [which，that前只能有except和in。except that除此以外；in that因为，体现在]
3) It will be interesting to discover how many young people go to universities
without any idea of that they are going to do afterward. [what，what相当于the thing that]
4) It appears that we all find company in sound, if we demand a little quiet from
time to time. [but或yet]
5) They are likely to travel more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in these services. [Therefore或So]
3、分词错误
1) Police?s records show a surprised link between changes in the seasons and crime patterns. [surprising]
2) Deciding how much discomfort and risk we are preparing to put up with in
the name of better health is a high personal matter, not a decision we should remain to doctors alone.
3) Even the quiet of our careful protected wilderness areas can be invaded at
any moment by a passed jet. [passing] 4) So a sportsman?s individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated
by an admired fan. [admiring] 4、指代错误
1) A break in their employment, or a decision to work part time, will slow its raises and promotions-because it would for men. [their]
2) Clearly some risks worth taking, especially when the rewards are high: a man
surrounded by flames and smoke generally considers that jumping out of a second-floor window is an acceptable risk to save its life. [his] 3) The modern light-house also identifies it in a code known to all ships. [itself] 5、形容词、副词（略）
exploration? Consider the great need for improving 8. Considering many aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources
that they are poured into the space exploration ef- 9. 去掉 forts. But perhaps we should look at both sides of the
coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 10. arriving at/reaching Passage 3
Most people work to earn a living and they Produce goods and services. Goods are either agricultural (like maize) or manufactured (like
cars). Services are such things like education, 1. as medicine, and commerce. These people provide 2. Some 6、谓语错误（主谓一致、时态、语态）
1) Business today whether it is running a little gas-station or a big factory
take good management.[takes] 2) Advances in technology has also changed people?s lives.
3) But if 98 percent of us doesn?t need to work, what are we going to do with
ourselves? [don?t]
4) Whether women who have started a career will attain pay equality with
men rest on at least two factors. [rests]
5) In some places all the trees have cut down. [have been] 二、词汇错误(搭配错误、用词错误) 三、逻辑错误（肯定否定乱用）
1) Blood pressure drugs definitely help some people live after a heart attack,
but these same drugs may be both necessary and harmful for those with only mild blood pressure problems. [unnecessary]
2) In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the imitation but he will feel comfortable in its presence. [unconsciously]
四、多词少词（介词、冠词、形式宾语）
1) When two Americans meet for first time, it is normal for them to call each other by their given name immediately. [the first]
2）In fact, until recently seawater has almost be considered to be useless and no value. [of no] Passage 2
Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which be originated and
developed. Now he had the capability to leave that planet 1. has and move out into the universe to those worlds which he
had known previously only directly. Men have explored 2. indirectly parts of the moon. put spaceships in orbit around another
planet and possibly within the decade will land into anoth- 3. on er planet and explore it. Can we be too bold as to sug- 4. so gest that we may be able to colonize other planet 5. planets within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocat- ed such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship the excess people off to the moon. But
we must keep in head the billions of dollars we might 6. mind spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth's population at its present level, we would
have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.
Why are we spending so little money on space 7. much goods; some provide services. Other people provide
both goods or services. For example, in the same garage a man may buy a car or some service which helps him maintain his car.
The work people do is called as economic activity. All economic activities taken together make up the economic system of town, a city, a country,
or the world. Such economic system is the sum-total of what people do and what they want. The work people do either provides what they need or provides
the money with that they can buy essential commodities. Of course, most people hope to have enough money to buy commodities and services which
are essential but which provide some particular personal satisfaction, such as toys for children, visits the cinema, and books.
The science of economist is basis upon the facts of our everyday lives. Economists study our everyday lives and the general life of our communities in order to understand the whole economic system of which we are a part. They try to describe the facts of the economy in which we live, and to explain how it
works. The economist methods should of course be strictly objective and scientific.
Passage 4
British people don?t drink as many tea as they used to, but Great Britain still takes almost twenty- five per cent of all world exports of the commodity.
The world largest producers of tea are India, China and the Sri Lanka. The quantity of tea is affected by the climate, by the latitude at which it is grown and also by
that part of the tea bush is plucked. In fact, as Dominic Beddard, a tea taster, tells us, favour can even depend on which day the leaf is plucked:
”There are very considerable differences between teas
from the same estate made on different day,” he says. Processing tea is a complicated procedure. After the green leaf has been plucked, it is processed in a
factory. Quickly and carefully, the tea is reduced to a small brittle particle, which is then dried and looks
3. and 4. 去掉 5. 之前加an 6. which 7. nonessential 8. 之后加to 9. based 10. economist’s 1. much 2. world?s 3. 去掉 4. quality 5. which 6. flavour 7. days 8. slowly like the tea you see in a packet. The tea companies
then rely on tasters as Donimic to value the tea. This 9. 之前加such has to be done on a day-to-day basis because of fluctuations in quality. Having to taste up to six
hundred cups of tea a day certainly causes Dominic?s 10. makes job an unusual one!
Passage 5
Parents can be supportive of suspicions. They
can be helpful to the teacher, or are in need of help 1. be themselves. Sometimes, I think parents are too hard
to their children. I have seen many parents of this 2. on Passage 9
It is not just in academy that children are been pushed 4. being too far and too fast. Some parents start their preschool
We need to abandon the false notions that we can create exceptional children by early instruction and such children are symbols of our competence as 8. 之前加“that” parents.
完型填空(cloze) : 做题七种武器
kind. I often have the problem of parents coming in
and telling me what they really treat their kids. They tell me that they usually stand over their kinds when they do their homework. They check their work and
make big fuss over the grades. They criticize the kids over everything having to do with school. My response usually is: ”well, you know, he is really a good kid. He is fine in my class. Maybe you should
not be too strict with them.” We want parents to realize the fact that teachers
are professors at working with children. They have observed many children and many parents. Because of this, and because of their specialized training, teachers can be realistic about children. Teachers
know whether parents want their children to do well and to behave well. But teachers know less what children should be able to do at different ages and stages. They don’t expect the 8-year-olds to do the work that can only be done by the 12-year-olds.
Parents, in the contrary, often expect their children to do what is usually beyond their age and ability.
Obviously, this may make great harm to the children’s development.
Passage 6
Thus you experience success as you complete
each chapter. While you have completed the overall goal, you know you have progressed toward it.
Passage 7
although the tremendous amounts of money, time and energy giving over to oral health.
Critics, on the other hand, slam the profession. It can be conservatively estimated that at least 15 percent of United States dentists are incompetent, honest, or both, says a former
Passage 8
All these tokens of success are in a sense merely bribes provided by another person. Therefore, they can be effective and useful.
3. how 4. 之前加“a” 5. him 6. professional 7. that 8. better 9. on 10. do 5. have not 3. despite 10. dishonest 10. However\\But ① 无关词排除 ② 逻辑关系 ③ 同现 ④ 浮现 ⑤ 关联
⑥ 时间线索
⑦ 总分结构对照分析
逻辑关系举例
Close Test 4
Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world?s largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day?s work for a day?s pay. One day at a time. 42 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43 reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.
44 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “ 45 ” work force is the most important 46 in American business today, and it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee. 41. [A] swarm [B] stride [C] separate [D] slip 42. [A] For [B] Because [C] As [D] Since 43. [A] from [B] in [C] on [D] by 44. [A] Even though [B] Now that [C] If only [D] Provided that 45. [A] durable [B] disposable [C] available [D] transferable 46. [A] approach [B] flow [C] fashion [D] trend 47. [A] instantly [B] reversely [C] fundamentally [D] sufficiently 48. [A] but [B] while [C] and [D] whereas 49. [A] imposed [B] restricted [C] illustrated [D] confined 50. [A] excitement [B] conviction [C] enthusiasm [D] importance
同现举例
Cloze Test 5
Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English