population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
The view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.
41. [A] admitted [B] believed [C] claimed [D] predicted 42. [A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal 43. [A] momentary [B] prompt [C] instant [D] immediate 44. [A] bulk [B] host [C] gross [D] magnitude 45. [A] On [B] With [C] For [D] By 46. [A] broadly [B] thoroughly [C] generally [D] completely 47. [A] however [B] meanwhile [C] therefore [D] moreover 48. [A] at [B] in [C] about [D] for 49. [A] manifested [B] approved [C] shown [D] speculated 50. [A] noted [B] impressed [C] labeled [D] marked
同现举例
Cloze Test 3
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 41 kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 43 . The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 45 of non-REM sleep.
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A research has now 48 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems-the self-protecting mechanism against diseases-had crashed.
41. [A] Either [B] Neither [C] Each [D] Any 42. [A] intended [B] required [C] assumed [D] inferred 43. [A] subtle [B] obvious [C] mysterious [D] doubtful 44. [A] maintained [B] described [C] settled [D] afforded 45. [A] in the light [B] by virtue [C] with the exception [D] for the purpose
46. [A] reduction [B] destruction [C] deprivation [D] restriction 47. [A] upon [B] by [C] through [D] with 48. [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on
49. [A] develop [B] produce [C] stimulate [D] induce 50. [A] if [B] as if [C] only if [D] if only
Cloze Test 5
Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
The view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.
41. [A] admitted [B] believed [C] claimed [D] predicted 42. [A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal 43. [A] momentary [B] prompt [C] instant [D] immediate 44. [A] bulk [B] host [C] gross [D] magnitude 45. [A] On [B] With [C] For [D] By 46. [A] broadly [B] thoroughly [C] generally [D] completely 47. [A] however [B] meanwhile [C] therefore [D] moreover 48. [A] at [B] in [C] about [D] for 49. [A] manifested [B] approved [C] shown [D] speculated 50. [A] noted [B] impressed [C] labeled [D] marked
关联举例
Cloze Test 6
Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 41 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 42 and active. When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established 44 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.
Successful safety programs may 45 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 46 rules or regulation. 47 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.
There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safe 48 . The fewer the injury 49 , the better the workman?s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 50 or at a loss.
41. [A] at [B] in [C] on [D] with 42. [A] alive [B] vivid [C] mobile [D] diverse 43. [A] regulation [B] climate [C] circumstance [D] requirement 44. [A] where [B] how [C] what [D] unless 45. [A] alter [B] differ [C] shift [D] distinguish 46. [A] constituting [B] aggravating [C] observing [D] justifying 47. [A] Some [B] Many [C] Even [D] Still 48. [A] comes off [B] turns up [C] pays off [D] holds up 49. [A] claims [B] reports [C] declarations[D] proclamations 50. [A] an advantage [B] a benefit [C] an interest [D] a profit
时间线索举例
Cloze Test 5
Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
The view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history
and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.
41. [A] admitted [B] believed [C] claimed [D] predicted 42. [A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal 43. [A] momentary [B] prompt [C] instant [D] immediate 44. [A] bulk [B] host [C] gross [D] magnitude 45. [A] On [B] With [C] For [D] By 46. [A] broadly [B] thoroughly [C] generally [D] completely 47. [A] however [B] meanwhile [C] therefore [D] moreover 48. [A] at [B] in [C] about [D] for 49. [A] manifested [B] approved [C] shown [D] speculated 50. [A] noted [B] impressed [C] labeled [D] marked
总分总结构举例
Cloze Test 3
Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 41 kind of sleep is at all well-understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 43 . The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 45 of non-REM sleep.
For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A research has now 48 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems-the self-protecting mechanism against diseases-had crashed.
41. [A] Either [B] Neither [C] Each [D] Any 42. [A] intended [B] required [C] assumed [D] inferred 43. [A] subtle [B] obvious [C] mysterious [D] doubtful 44. [A] maintained [B] described [C] settled [D] afforded 45. [A] in the light [B] by virtue [C] with the exception [D] for the purpose
46. [A] reduction [B] destruction [C] deprivation [D] restriction 47. [A] upon [B] by [C] through [D] with 48. [A] paid attention to [B] caught sight of [C] laid emphasis on [D] cast light on
49. [A] develop [B] produce [C] stimulate [D] induce 50. [A] if [B] as if [C] only if [D] if only
Cloze Test 5
Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.
The view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.
41. [A] admitted [B] believed [C] claimed [D] predicted 42. [A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal 43. [A] momentary [B] prompt [C] instant [D] immediate 44. [A] bulk [B] host [C] gross [D] magnitude 45. [A] On [B] With [C] For [D] By 46. [A] broadly [B] thoroughly [C] generally [D] completely 47. [A] however [B] meanwhile [C] therefore [D] moreover 48. [A] at [B] in [C] about [D] for 49. [A] manifested [B] approved [C] shown [D] speculated 50. [A] noted [B] impressed [C] labeled [D] marked
资料的选择：
1、听力原题 2、TOEFL的听力 3、《走遍美国》、《探索》、《国家地理》 听力结构：
Section A：10个短对话
Section B：3个段子；复合式听写（很少考） 类型题：
比如：Would you go to dance with me tonight?去不去干…… 回答Yes/No.以及理由。
Would you go with us? Would you join us? Would you go with me? Do you wanna come? Wanna come?
应试听力提高的三个层次：
1、听懂原文 2、搞清考题之间的类型关系 3、判断出是什么考题 听力遇到的问题： 一、语音问题：
连读：跟读提高口语，考试时不太重要，注意听重读。 二、态度方向：
测试：I'm upset. × I'm overjoyed. √ I'm beside myself with joy. √ I'm in the blues. ×
I feel high today. √ I feel down recently. × 三、口语话问题：
语气（升降调、重读）
例句：Something just hit the front window.
What?（什么东西呀？你说什么（没听清）？惊奇，生气。） 例句：He was my boyfriend. 考校园生活：
学生：异性（同学关系）、同性（室友关系） 口语词汇
tape 胶带（邮局场景） cassette 磁带 project 作业 =assignment awful 糟糕的
terrific 特棒的 awesome 特棒的 I see. 我明白。
I can tell that. 我能看得出。 I understand that. 我听说。 I have got ... 我有…… have to = have got to (gotta) be going to = be gonna want to = wanna
tell him I'll take this book. 表示买 I won't buy that. 我不信。buy=believe 四、场景问题：
1、如何出考题 2、如何判断场景（场景线索词） 例如：book（校内：Libary；校外：bookstore）
textbook, dictionary, magzine, reference book, bibliography manager, order--bookstore 解题思路：
比如：traffic: traffic jam car: break down 六次课安排：
But题型，三个解题思路（1） 场景题（2、3）
段子题、替换题（4、5） 复合式听写、实战考题（6） Section A
But题型(3-4个题目）：
but前的话没用，but是关键，but后面的句子是正确选项。
例题：P25-5-Test 1-P100 A) He has some work to do. B) The woman is going to do that. C) His boss is coming to see him.
D) He doesn?t feel like eating any bread today.
W: I wonder if you have time to go to the food store today. We have almost run out of bread.
M: You? d better do that. I haven’t got my report ready yet, but my boss needs it tomorrow.
Q: Why isn?t the man going to do the shopping? 注：1. 第二人的回答都是充满了遗憾。 2. run out of 用完，没有 boor 土人，粗野的人（GRE词汇） 生活中常用的动词非常简单：
take make go win let have 口语中常用短语： 1. mess 脏乱
His dormitory is in a big mess.
2. meet = come across = run into = bang into 遇见。 happen to meet 恰巧碰到
3. 与动词搭配使用最多的是out，因为out代表一种极端的状态，很彻底。 run out of 用完了
check out 借书；办理出院手续；彻底检查；退房（check in 开房）；结帐离开 wear out 穿破
be worn out （物）破旧；（人）疲惫 make out 辨认出
figure out 想清楚，弄明白
She has a figure that kills. 身材很棒。 She has a face that kills. 长得非常漂亮
work out 想清楚，弄明白，解决问题；（gym场景）拼命锻炼 help out 帮个大忙
find out 打听，查明真相 dine out 外出吃饭，下馆子
cafeteria 饭堂，自助餐厅【学校的饭菜不好吃】 cook out 在外野餐 hang out 闲逛
turn out (to be) 事实证明
[P25-8]
A) He can?t find his new apartment. B) He had a bigger apartment before. C) He finds the new apartment too big for him. D) He?s having a hard time finding an apartment.
W: How do you find your new apartment?
M: Well, it?s quite nice really, although I have a hard time getting used to livingin a big place.
Q: What is the man?s problem?
注：1. dormitory 宿舍
apartment 公寓 laboratory secretary
房子难找；房租贵；房太吵
2. How do you find ...= How do you like...
3. be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 选项中找be accustomed to doing sth.或adapt
used to do sth 过去常常 选项中找 was always 或找否定句+now
[P28-6]
A) He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong. B) He meant for her just to wait till help came.
C) He was afraid something would go wrong with her car. D) He promised to give her help himself.
W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down?
M: Well, I'm sure you won't have any trouble, Mrs. Smith, but if something
should happen, just call this number. They'll see that you get help. Q: What does the man really mean?
注：谈论车的最大话题一定是坏掉 break down。
[P28-8]
A) He has edited three books.
B) He has bought the wrong book. C) He has lost half of his money.
D) He has found the book that will be used.
M: Hey, Louise, I've got a used copy of our chemistry textbook for half price. W: I'm afraid you wasted your money, yours is the first edition, but we're supposed to be using the third edition.
Q: What has the man done? 注：used book 二手书，旧书
对话发生的时间一般是开学或期末。
开学：orientation 新生培训 freshman/ fresher 大一新生 sophomore 大二 junior 大三 senior 大四 期末：考试、突击熬夜、失眠、吃药、抢救
[P30-1]
A) She wants to return the skirt her husband bought. B) She wants to buy another skirt.
C) She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one. D) She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one.
M: Now, what's your problem, Madam?
W: Oh, yes. My husband bought this yellow skirt here yesterday. It is very nice, butit's not the colour I want. Have you got any blue ones? Q: What does the woman want to do? 注：1. 蓝色情节
blue 服装最喜欢的颜色 dark blue 深蓝 light blue 浅蓝 navy blue 海军蓝
navy 常用这个词表示蓝色 pink 红色习惯用这个词表示 2. 羊毛情节wool
down jacket 羽绒服
[P33-5]
A) It's too windy.
B) The people there are terrible. C) The air is polluted. D) The beaches are dirty.
W: The place I've heard so much about is Los Angeles. The climate is pretty good. Year-round flowers, year-round swimming. How do you like it?
M: Well, the beaches are beautiful. But the people there are terribly annoyed by the dirty air. I mean, the combination of fog, smoke and automobile exhaust. There is not enough wind to blow it away.
Q: What does the man think of Los Angeles? 注：选项B不可能为正确选项。
[P36-4]
A) The apartment is better furnished. B) She prefers to live in a quiet place.
C) It's less expensive to live in an apartment.
D) She finds her roommates difficult to get along with.
M: I hear you are moving to an apartment. Can you tell me why?
W: Actually, I didn?t want to move. It would be more expensive to live outside the college. But I just can?t bear the noise made by the people living next door. Q: Why does the woman want to move? 住房场景： 1、房难找 2、房租太贵 3、房太吵
注：1. 口语中现在进行时表将要 2. must 表猜测
have got to do 表应该，必须
[P36-7]
A) He didn't buy anything.
B) He got some medicine for his foot.
C) He was sick and couldn't go shopping. D) He bought everything except the football.
W: Did you go shopping this afternoon? M: Yes, but all I got was a sore foot. Q: What does the man mean? 注：sore foot 脚疼
sore throat 嗓子疼
[P36-9]
A) She didn't know her daughter could sing so well. B) She sings better than her daughter. C) She doesn't like her daughter.
D) She herself doesn't have a good voice.
M: I heard your daughter sing at the school concert last night. She has a lovely
voice, I must say.
W: Thank you, but I don?t know where she gets it. Q: What does the woman probably mean?
[P36-10]
A) He finds history books difficult to understand. B) He has to read a lot of history books. C) He doesn't like the history course. D) He has lost his history book.
W: Why are you so tired and upset?
M: I?ve been taking the history course this term. But the trouble is that I?ll never get through the reading list.
Q: Why is the man worried? 作业：
1. paper 论文；newspaper 报纸；文件；纸 research 查询资料（library)
2. presentation 口头报告 = report, speech, address 着装正式；心里感受nervous interview 面试（也需正式着装） 3. reading assignment 阅读作业 reading list 读书清单 对作业的评价一定是抱怨 写论文的步骤： 1、选题 2、查资料 3、打印 充满遗憾：
谈论交通--堵车；谈论车--坏掉；谈论买票--卖光；谈论接人--晚点；谈论野餐--下雨 写论文的困难： 1、题目难选 2、资料难查
3、打字困难（机房总被占）
typewriter（break down 坏了；ribbon 色带）, printer, laser printer, laptop, 三个基本思路：
一、学习话题：学几门课，课程难不难，课的进展，考试如何，作业如何，老师怎样，实验课怎样，图书馆怎样…… 回答：基本上都是抱怨
二、生活话题：穷，省钱，购物一定要bargain，带学生证，
例如：1. I want to make a long distance call. When is the best time?
例如：2. Maybe I ought to subscribe to the journal. 捐献；定购订阅。 Why don't you save the money and read it in the library? 例如：3. A) To wear a heavy sweater to the game. B) To postpone the game. C) To change tickets.
D) To watch the game at home.
三、混合话题，但忙于学习。 场景题： 选项的特点：
1. 地点；2. to do表目的；3. -ing；4. A and B结构，人物关系 提问特点：
What, Where, When, Who 总结重点： 出题思路
判断场景的线索词
例如：fine 罚款（校外交通；校内图书馆） cashier 出纳（各个场景） teller （银行）出纳员
ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) 自动提款机
[P24-1]
A) He is still being treated in the hospital. B) He has had an operation.
C) He?ll rest at home for another two weeks. D) He returned to work last week.
M: How is your father, Mary? The last time I came to see you, you were about to take him to the hospital.
W: He came home last week. The operation was very successful. The doctor said he? d almost recovered and could go back to work next week. Q: What did the woman say about her father? 注：be about to do 正要做某事 医院场景： 1、医生难找 2、病情如何
3、有病耽误课 miss the class 缺课的原因： 1、生病 get ill
2、睡过头 over sleep
3、traffic （车坏了，或者交通的问题） 医院的线索词： operation 手术
infirmary （校内）医务室；cafeteria 饭堂；tuition 学费 treat, treatment 治疗（过程） cure 治愈（结果）
[study, learn; search, find; try, manage] clinic 诊所 ward 病房
student health center 学生健康中心 medical center 医疗中心