15. Nobody knew the reason________ he dropped out of school. 16.He bought some gifts for his son, ________ make him happy. 17.Tom was admitted into a University,________ satisfied his parents. 18. He is looking forward to the moment _______ he’ll see his son. 19.You are the only person________ witnessed the accident .
20.The Korean film was wonderful, __________ we saw yesterday evening
名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。同时又具有名词性特点，所以可以在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
一) 、熟悉各类名词性从句
1. Who will win the match is still unknown. (主语从句)
2. Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英
语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。(主语从句) 3.This is where our problem lies. (表语从句)
4.That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. (表语从句)
5. I can't understand why they insist on going there by motor-bike in such a rainy day. （宾语从句)
6.The news that we won the game is exciting. （同位语语从句) 7.He had an idea that he pretended to be ill. （同位语语从句） 二）、难点
1．连接词what与that的用法区别。
引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。例如
1）. What we can’t get seems good. 解析：从句缺乏宾语，what在主语从句中作宾语。 2）. We wonder _what_caused the accident . 解析：从句缺乏主语,what在宾语从句中作主语.
3）That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved. 解析: that不充当任何成份，只起连接作用，句子本身不缺成分。
4）．China’s success in manned-spacecraft travel shows that our country has become one of the greatest powers in space research. 2、 连接词whether和if的用法区别。
引导主语从句、表语从句和引导同位语从句时，要用连词whether不用if；引导宾语从句可用whether或 if。 1）. Whether he will win the race is not known.
3、 Where, when, why，how，who，whom，whose，which，whatever等关联词引导的名词性从句。使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑意义要求。例如：
1）.This is why you had a few days off. 2）. Do you remember how he came here? By car. 4、 同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词(抽象名词)的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word，story等。例如：
1）.I know the fact that Bob often tells lies.
2）.We are excited at the news that our experiment is successful. 5．形式主语
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。常用句型如下： （1） It + be + 名词 + that从句 That I missed the concert is a pity. It is a pity that I missed the concert. （2）It + be + 形容词 + that从句
That we brush our teeth after meals is necessary.
It is necessary that we brush our teeth after meals. （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that从句
此类过去分词有:said, reported, believed, hoped, feared , expected, suggested ,requested, advised等
That China has sent up another spaceship is reported It is reported that China has sent up another spaceship.
That he has been admitted into Beijing University is said It is said that he has been admitted into Beijing University. 一、语法填空。
1．We cannot figure out _______ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out..
2. A story goes ______ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being
surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.
3. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas.
4. Danby left word with my secretary ____________ he would call again in the afternoon.
5. _______ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
6. After Yang Li Wei succeeded in circling the earth, _______ our astronauts desire to do is to walk in space.
7. One advantage of playing the guitar is _________ it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
8. Parents are taught to understand ______ important education is to their children’s future.
9. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ________ his teammates had done.
10. Doris' success lies in the fact _________ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. 11. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset. 12. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.
13. _________made the school proud was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
倒装句 部
分倒装是指将be或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的没有be或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 So proud was he that he never listened to any advice. 用法
一) .句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until ，not only 等。 1. You will never find the answer to this question.
Never will you find the answer to this question. 2. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance.
二)、only＋状语，部分到装
1. Only in this way can you hope to make improvement in the operating system.
2. Only with hard work can you expect to get a pay rise.(2001)
三)、so ..that.., such ..that..的句子结构中，若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒装。
.So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.
二．语法填空
1.Not until I began to work ____ I realize how much time I had wasted. 2.Little _____ he care about his own health though he 's very ill. 3.Never in my life ____ I heard such a thing.
4.So frightened ______ he in the darkness that he didn't dare to move. 5.Only after I read the text over again _______ I know its main idea. 6. Not only _____ he make a promise, but also he kept it.
现在分词作状语
1.表伴随
She sat under the door，knitting a sweater. 2.表原因
Being too full, he couldn’t go to sleep. 3.表结果
His parents were killed in the accident, leaving him an orphan. 4.表时间
Crossing the road, please be careful.
注意:两个动作有明显的时间先后之分,分词结构为: having +pp Having finished her work, she went home. 5.表条件
Working hard, you’ll get a good achievement. 6.表让步
Working so hard, he failed again. 一．语法填空
1．___________（follow）Tom, we started to climb the mountain. 2.________ (hear) the news, they all jumped with joy.
3.______(work) in the factory, he ’s an advanced worker. 4.____(Be) a League member, he’s always helping others