millions... Of all targets New York has a certain clear priority. In the mind of whatever perverted dreamer might loose the lightning, New York must hold a steady, irresistible charm.\Here is New York《这里是纽约》, 1949) The barn near White's Maine home inspired many of the characters in his stories for children.
After World War II White became an enthusiastic editorial supporter of internationalism and the United Nations, publishing an collection of essays under the title THE WILD FLAG 《野菖蒲》(1946). In the essay 'The Ring of Time' from 1956 he dealt with segregation. He tells how he explained to his cook, who was from Finland, that in the American Southland she should sit in one of the front seats - the seats in back are reserved for colored people. \was her reply and White concludes: \it may play more of a role than one might suppose. People are, if anything, more touchy about being thought silly than they are about being thought unjust... Probably the first slave ship, with Negroes lying in chains on its decks, seemed commonsensical to the owners who operated it and to the planters who patronized it. But such a vessel would not be in the realm of common sense today. The only sense that is common, in the long run, is the sense of change...\
In 1959 White published a standard style manual for writing, THE ELEMENTS OF STYLE《文体的要素》, which became a mainstay of high-school and college English courses in the U.S. The work was based on Prof. William Strunk Jr.'s privately printed book, which had gone out of print. White revised the original adding a chapter and expanding some of the other content. Later Strunk & White's The Elements of Style was revised several times. The famous manual, with its timeless observations, is still considered an exemplar of the principles it explains. \sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary part.\White's essay ′'Will Strunk', published in The New Yorker, now serves as the intro to the book.
Between writing columns, White also published children's books. STUART LITTLE《小老鼠斯图尔特》 (1945) depicted an independent and adventurous child, the size of mouse, who is born into a human family. After various adventures Stuart goes in search of a bird whose life he had previously saved. CHARLOTTE'S WEB《夏洛的网》 (1952) was about the friendship between a young pig, Wilbur, and a spider, Charlotte A. Cavitica. She craftily saves him from the butcher's knife through the message, ''Some Pig'', she weaves in her web - only to die alone. In THE TRUMPET OF THE SWAN《天鹅的喇叭》 (1970) a mute swan learns to trumpet and becomes a celebrity. In these works White explored such themes as loyalty, tolerance, and rural living. They have become for many young readers unforgettable guides into the world of fiction.
E.B. White died of Alzheimer disease on October 1, 1985 in North Brooklyn, Maine. He was awarded the gold medal for essays and criticism of the National Institute of Arts and Letters, and a Pulitzer Prize special citation in 1978. He held honorary degrees from seven American colleges and universities and was a member of the American Academy. The List of His Main Works:
THE LADY IS COLD, 《女士是冷酷的》1928 IS SEX NECESSARY?, 《性是必需的吗？》 1929
A SUBTREASURY OF AMERICAN HUMOUR《美国幽默文库》（1941） ONE MAN'S MEAT, 《个人观点》1942
STUART LITTLE, 《小老鼠斯图尔特》1945 - film 1999 THE WILD FLAG, 《野菖蒲》 1946
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HERE IS NEW YORK, 《这里是纽约》1949
CHARLOTTE'S WEB, 《夏洛的网》1952 - animated feature in 1973
THE SECOND TREE FROM THE CORNER, 《角落里的第二棵树》1954 THE ELEMENTS OF STYLE, 1959 《文体的要素》(with William Strunk, Jr.) THE POINTS OF MY COMPASS, 《我罗盘的方位》1962
THE TRUMPET OF THE SWAN, 《天鹅的喇叭》1970 - animation in 2001 ESSAYS OF E.B. WHITE, 《怀特散文》1977
POEMS AND SKETCHES OF E.B. WHITE, 《诗与小品》 1981
WRITINGS FROM THE NEW YORKER, 《纽约客文选1925-1976》1990
5. Ss do Cloze B in after-text exercises to learn about Americans’ ideal of a country life. Then T leads in to the study of Text A. (15minutes)
(B) (1) While 主句与分句是同时进行的，而且分句中用的是现在进行时态，填while连接伴随状语从句; (2) escape 固定搭配; (3) begin begin与同一句中前面出现的seek 是并列结构，此处承前省略了try to; (4) Because/ As 所填词引导的句子是对前句原因进行讲解，应填引导原因的引导词； (5) quit 辞职：quite one‘s job 常用搭配； (6) start 意思是“结束旧生活，开始新生活”； (7)on farm前搭配的介词是on，而其相关词field搭配的介词是in; (8) but (also) not only…but also 是固定搭配，其中also 可以省略； (9) be 句中缺少的是谓语动词，而tough 是形容词， 所以需要填系动词；(10) close be close to nature “贴近自然”； (11) have have to do sth.; (12) cutting by doing sth. 作方式状语；(13) cook/ prepare 由meals 决定此处填写的应是表示“烹饪”的词； (14) cities 由上下文得知，这是城市生活与乡村生活的一大差别；(15) however 表示转折，说明尽管存在上述不利因素，但仍然不影响人们对乡居生活的向往；(16) family raise a family 固定搭配 ：“养家糊口”。 II. While-reading tasks
1．T tells Ss how to divide the text into four parts ，and that they are to sum up the main idea of each part as they read along （see Text Organization Exercise 1）. (5 minutes) Text Organization Parts Part One Part Two Part Three Part Four Paragraphs Paras1-3 Paras4-7 Paras8-11 Paras12-15 Main Idea The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one. Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard. After quitting his job, the writer‘s income was reduced, but he and his family can manage to get by. A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country. 2．Ss read the first sentences of Paras1-3 and sum up the main idea of this part. (5 minutes) 3. T explains language points in Part I and gives Ss practice (10 minutes)
1. get by: be good enough but not very good; manage to live or do things in a satisfactory way ---We are never satisfied that we know enough to get by. Every question we answer leads on to another question. (Page15-14)
我们从不满足于勉强够用的知识。我们所回答的每一个问题都引出一个新问题。 ---My parents managed to get by on a small amount of money.
---It is a little bit difficult for the old couple to get by on such a small pension.
---We can get by with four computers at the moment, but we‘ll need a couple more when the new staff members arrive.
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使用日期 授课方式 授课章节 教学目的 和要求 年 月 日 第 周第 次课 课堂讲授（√）， 实践课（√） While-reading (Part II& Part III) 1. master some skills about fast-reading 2. appreciate the various techniques employed by the writer （comparison and contrast, topic sentences followed by detail sentences, use of transitional devices, etc.） 3. master the key language points and grammatical structures in Part II & III haul; improvement; supplement; indoor; spray; pursue; stack; wicked; get through; at that point; on balance; illustrate; generate; insurance; pick up; minor; premium; aside from; cut back; lower; dine out; patronize … 1. make a revision (5 minutes) 2. Ss do the exercises of fast-reading (Text A-1, Unit1) (10 minutes) 3. Cultural Notes related to Part II & Part III (10 minutes) 4. T explains language points in Part Ⅱ (Paras4-7) and gives Ss practice (20 minutes) 5. Ss re-read Part Ⅱand make a summary of each paragraph in it. T writes down their summaries on the blackboard. Then, based on paragraph summaries, Ss will come up with a summary of Part Ⅱ. (7 minutes) 6. T explains the language points in Part III (Paras8-11) and gives Ss practice. (20 minutes) 7. Ss read the first sentences of Paras8-11 and sum up the main idea of this part. (3 minutes) 8. Ss do the After-text exercise on Page 20 to master the structure of ―when it comes to‖ (8 minutes) 9. T explains some difficult sentences and also conducts a series of reading and translation to help students have a better understanding of the text (7 minutes) 教学时数 2 授课班级 重点 难点 教学进程(含课堂教学内容、时间分配) 作业或思考题 1. review what have learned and preview the rest part of the text. 2. collect materials for the essay which entitled Recent Changes in Chinese Family Life 主要参考资料 《全新版大学英语》教师用书;《全新版大学英语》导读本 An English-Chinese / English-English Dictionary for Cet-4
I. Review (5 minutes)
II. Fast-reading (10 minutes) III. Cultural Notes (10 minutes)
1. Ivy League: eight long-established colleges and universities in the United States with prestigious academic and social reputations. Members of the Ivy League are Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island; Columbia University in New York City; Cornell University in Ithaca,
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New York; Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire; Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia; Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey; and Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. The members of the Ivy League compete in intercollegiate athletics.
2. Sports Illustrated: a popular US sports magazine published each week by Time Inc, part of Time Warner. It first appeared in 1954, and is read mainly by men. The magazine also publishes the Sports Illustrated sports Almanac every year.
3. Individual Retirement Account (IRA): A US government plan that allows people to put part of their income into special bank accounts. No tax has to be paid on this money until they retire. 4. Buying Insurance: People face many choices when buying insurance policies. They commonly choose an insurance provider based on several criteria. Some of the most important of these include: 1) the financial stability of the insurance company, 2) the price of policies, and 3) details of coverage and service.
Only a financially sound company can fulfill its promise to pay in all circumstances. Companies with proven records of stability can provide insurance security. Choice of a provider based solely on price, on the other hand, may result in poor service and coverage, even if the provider advertises comprehensive coverage and high quality service.
Policy prices vary significantly among companies, but competition usually forces most companies‘ prices into a narrow range. The greater cost of come policies may pay off in the long run though better protection. Thus, a detailed examination of coverage in policies provided by different, well-regarded companies can help consumers make the best choice based on the risks they face, their needs, and their finances.
People seeking to buy insurance often use services of an insurance agent or broker to assist in their purchase. Most insurance falls into four main categories, according to what it covers: 1) property and casualty, 2) lift, 3) health and disability, and 4)old-age and unemployment. Insurers commonly refer to insurance purchased by individuals as personal lines coverage and to insurance purchased by businesses as commercial coverage. IV. Language Study (40 minutes)
1 . when it was 30 below: Here the Celsius scale is used instead of the Fahrenheit scale.
Notes: 1) Fahrenheit scale: a scale of temperature, first established by the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1715. The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit (℉), and 0℉ was originally the coldest temperature Fahrenheit could achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice. On his scale, water freezes at 32 ℉ and boils at 212℉ (under set atmospheric conditions). No longer used in scientific work, Fahrenheit temperature still feature in everyday language; hot days ―in the eighties‖, for example. To convert a Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius (centigrade), subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.( C = 5/9 ( F -32) )
2) Celsius scale: a scale of hotness, or temperature, first established by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius (1701-1744) in 1742. On this scale, the unit of temperature is the degree Celsius (℃); water freezes at 0℃ and 100℃(under agreed standard atmospheric conditions), although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made0℃ the boiling-point and100℃ the freezing-point. The Celsius scale was formerly commonly known as the centigrade scale because of the 100 divisions between the freezing-and boiling-point of water. To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9∕5 and add32. ( F = 9/5 C+32 )
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2. haul : 1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc.
---A good team of dogs, hitched to a light sled, can haul 1,000 pounds of goods. (Page15-6) 一支好的狗队，如果再套上一驾轻便的雪橇，可以托运重达1，000磅的货物。 ---The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a truck every morning.
---The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded villages. 2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force
---A crane had to be used to haul the car out of the stream. ---Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the crashed train.
3. improvement : the act or an instance of improving or being improved
---Internet service providers should develop security improvement services for their customers. ---The government‘s priorities will go to local transport improvement projects. ---The improvement in the job market in the past few years has been remarkable. 4. supplement: add to sth. in order to order to improve it (followed by with)
---Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. (Page15-7)
对于作为新闻和意见载体的报纸来说，收音机和电视机是一种补充，而不是替代物。 ---Peter does occasional freelance work to supplement his income. ---The doctor suggested supplementing my diet with vitamins E and A. Confusable Words: complement, supplement，append 这三个名词都有“补充”的意思。
complement n.补充，补充物，主要指补充不足使之完美。
---Rice makes an excellent complement to a curry dish.有咖喱的菜配米饭最棒。 supplement n.增补，补充，补贴，主要指另外补加，增补。
---One year after we made our report, we had to add a supplement to cover new events.我们在报告完成一年之后，必须增补一个包含新事件的附加部分。 append n.附加，添上或补充某事物(尤指文字)。
---The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律师在合同后又附加了两页。 5. indoor : situated or used inside a building
---Indoor pollution has been found to be as much as five to ten times higher inside some skyscrapers than outside.
---Tobacco smoke is considered as indoor pollutant.
---The Mall of America, the biggest mall in USA includes the world‘s largest indoor amusement park.
6. spray : force out liquid in small drops upon (followed by with )
---Apple trees must be sprayed, or many of the apples will be eaten by worms. (Page15-8) 苹果树必须喷施农药，否则很多苹果会被虫子吃掉。
---I‘ll have to spray the roses with insecticide to get rid of the greenfly. ---A car went past and sprayed me with water. 7. pursue: follow
---After graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a minister. ---College students are advised to pursue a wide range of subject.
---Public evening classes allow people to earn a living during the day and pursue vocational and intellectual interests in their spare time.
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