---The tax is likely to hit his company‘s profits by up to 3 per cent in future. ---He makes a big profit from selling waste material to textile companies. ① gain; the excess of return over expenditure 利润；收益（表―利润‖时常用复数形式）
②advantage, benefit 益处，得益（不可数名词） profitable (adj.) 有益的，赚钱的 gain profit from 从……得到益处 do sth to one‘s profit 做某事而得益 gross profits 毛利；总利润 net profits 纯利润，净利
sell sth at a profit 出售某物而获利 profit benefit advantage interest profit 常用复数形式表示―利润‖或―益处‖
Capitalists are tireless in hunting for super-profits. 资本家总是不知疲倦地追求超额利润。
benefit：表示―利益，好处‖，可指物质和精神方面的好处。 She takes long walks for the benefit of her health. 她为健康而做长距离散步。
The book was of much benefit to us. 这本书对我们有很大的帮助。
advantage 也指―利益，好处‖，常指一些有利的条件或优势。
---Being able to speaking French is a great advantage on trip to Europe. 他能讲法语，对去欧洲旅行是有利的。 ---This school has many advantages. 这所学校有很多优势。
interest 常用复数形式表示―利益；福利‖及―利息；兴趣‖ He worked in the interests of humanity. 他为人民谋福利。
He paid 6 percent interest on a loan. 他以六厘息贷的款。
[真题] Purchasing the new production line will be a deal for the company. (2001-6) *A) profitable B) tremendous C) forceful D) favorite. 对公司来说，购买这条生产线将是有利可图的交易。 A) profitable 可获利的，有利可图的 B) tremendous 巨大的
C) forceful 有力的，有说服力的 D) favorite 最喜欢的
9. invest: commit (money or capital) in order to gain a financial return (used in the patterns: invest money; invest money in sth.; invest sth.)
---We have invested most of the money in shares in British companies. ---When people buy houses they‘re investing a lot of money. ---My parents intend to invest in stocks and bonds. 10. primarily: mainly
---We are primarily concerned with improving our working conditions.
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---Men can usually run faster than women, primarily because they have greater muscular strength. IV. Grammatical Structure
1. not all/ everyone/ everything (Line 78)
1) Not everyone agrees on what is right and what is wrong, nor does everyone agree on what is good and bad for children.
并非每一个人对是非观点都一致，对于什么有益于孩子什么有害也一样。
2) Jacques Muller thinks money is the most important thing in the world, but unfortunately, money isn‘t everything.
嘉克·穆勒认为钱是世界上最重要的东西，但遗憾的是，金钱并非一切。 3) Speaking of hamburgers not all Americans like them. 谈到汉堡包，并非所有的美国人都喜欢吃。
4) Not all people share the same interests, but we can still make friends with people who do not have our interests.
人们的兴趣不尽相同，但我们仍可以和那些与我们兴趣不同的人交朋友。 V. Post-reading tasks
1. Text Organization Exercise2 (Page 11) Happy Moments and Events growing nearly all their fruits and vegetables canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle rides, etc. keeping warm inside the houses in winter writing freelance articles Hardships working hard both in winter and in Summer harsh environment and weather condition anxious moments after the writer quit his job cutting back on the daily expenses earning enough money while maintaining a solitude happy family life 2. Text Analysis
The author writes his piece in a clear and logical way. In many instances he employs the pattern of ―one topic sentence ＋ several detail sentences‖ structure .It‘s easy for readers to grasp the main idea ,and it is also proven effective for learner writers like our students .
Sometimes the detail sentences run parallel to each other, like those in Para2, In some other paragraph the detail sentences have their own hierarchy. Take Para5 for example .The first sentence tell how busy ―I‖ am .The second sentence states that Sandy, the wife, is also busy. The final sentence is a kind of summary—nobody can relax .Yet following the second sentence there are a few more detail sentence showing exactly how tight a schedule Sandy has .Task Para 12-13 for another example. The topic sentence therein is ―I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities.‖ Then there are two sub-topic sentence has its own supporting details.
Sometimes there is no transitional devices between detail sentence, sometime there are, the most frequently used one of which is time words or phrases. For example, the detail sentence in Para4 begin with ―three months ago‖, ―three months form now‖, ―recently‖, and ―later this month‖, respectively. To be sure, other conjunctions scatter the text, like ―first‖-―then‖-―eventually‖ in Para7.
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使用日期 授课方式 授课章节 教学目的 和要求 年 月 日 第 周第 次课 课堂讲授（√）， 实践课（√） After-text Exercises 1. consolidate what have learned in Unit 1 2. know some writing skills 3. translation skills 4. Practical writing translation; language practice; practical writing. 1. make a revision (5 minutes) 2. T guides Ss through some after-text exercises. (35 minutes) 3. T checks on Ss home reading. (5 minutes) 4. Ss do Part Ⅳ: Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks.(45 minutes) 1)T guides Ss through Writing Strategy 2) T urges Ss to use comparison and contrast more effectively in their own writing. 3) essay writing 教学时数 2 授课班级 重点 难点 教学进程(含课堂教学内容、时间分配) 作业或思考题 T asks Ss to prepare for the next unit: 1).do the pre-reading task; 2).preview Text A. 主要参考资料 《全新版大学英语》教师用书;《全新版大学英语》导读本 An English-Chinese / English-English Dictionary for Cet-4 College English Grammar I. Review
II. After-text Exercise 1. Vocabulary
(Page 15-2) A Phrasal verb is combination of a verb and an adverb or a preposition, or a verb, an adverb and a preposition, which together have a single meaning often different from the meaning of its parts taken separately, e.g. get by, take to, keep up with. The phrasal verb is an important feature of Modern English. They are in wide use, especially in casual or information contexts. You would be well advised to pay attention to them in your studies.
1) In an effect to feel better, I started to make small changes in my life and cut back/ down from 20 cigarettes a day to a mere three or four. 为了使自己的感觉好一些，我开始对自己的生活做一小的调整，我将每天二十支的吸烟量尽量减少至每天近三四支。
cut across/ along / through, etc. (sth):
go across, etc (sth.) esp. in order to shorten one‘s route 穿过某地（尤指抄近路） ---I usually cut across/ through the park on my way home. cut at sb./ sth.:
try to sever, open or wound sb./ sth. with a knife, etc. 试图用刀等截断、破开或伤害某人/某事物
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---She cut at the rope in an attempt to free herself. 她割绳索以求脱身。
cut sth. away (from sth.): remove sth (from sth.) by cutting (自某物上) 切除，剪去，破掉某物 ---They cut away all the dead branches from the tree. 他们把树上的枯枝通通砍掉了。 cut sth back/ cut sth down (on)
---If we don‘t sell more goods, we‘ll have to cut back/ down (on) production. 我们若不能增加货物的销售量，就必须大幅度降低产量。 cut sb. down to sth.: persuade sb. to reduce a price
---He was asking ￡400 for the car, but we cut him down to ￡350.
cut in (on sb./ sth.); cut into sth. : interrupt sb./ sth. 打断，打扰某人/某事物 ---She kept cutting in on/ cutting into our conversation. 我们谈话时她老是插嘴。
cut sb./sth. off : (often passive) stop the supply of sth. to sb. 停止向某人供应某物。 ---Our water supply has been cut off.
cut sth. off (sth.): remove sth. (from sth. larger) by cutting 切下，割下，砍下 ---King Charles I had his head cut off. 英王查理一世遭斩首。 ---cut off the enemy’s retreat 切断敌人的退路
2) If I wasted electricity as you do at home, my dad would make me pick up the bill. 如果我在家像你一样浪费电，我的父亲会让我付电费的。
pick sb. off: shoot (a person, an animal, a bird, etc, esp. one of a group) after aiming carefully ---A sniper hidden on a roof picked off three of the soldiers on patrol. 藏在屋顶上的狙击手击毙了三名巡逻兵。
pick on sb.: choose sb. (esp. repeatedly) for punishment, criticism or blame 选中某人（尤指屡次）惩罚、批评或责怪
---She felt that her parents were picking on her. 她觉得父母老是偏偏责备她。
pick sb./ sth. out: choose sb./ sth. from a number of people/ things 挑选出某人（某事物） ---She was picked out from thousands of applicants for the job. 从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作。
pick sth over: look carefully at (vegetables, fruit, clothing, etc.) in order to select the best or throw away bad ones
---Pick over the lentils carefully in case there are any stones amongst them. 把这些豆子里的沙粒挑出去。
3) We can get by with four computers at the moment, but we’ll need a couple more when the new staff arrive.
目前我们有四台电脑就可以勉强够用了，但新员工来了以后就得增加几台了。 4) It is impossible to get through this course just by working hard around exam times. 要想完成这门课，光靠考试临时抱佛脚是不可能的。 get about/ around/ round:
(of news of hers, a rumor, etc.) spread from a person to person (消息，谣言等) 流传，传播 ---The news of her resignation soon got about. 她辞职的消息不久就传开了。 get above oneself: have too high an opinion of oneself 自视甚高；自高自大 ---She’s been getting a bit above herself since winning her award. 她获奖以来，渐渐地有点骄傲了。 get (sth.) across (to sb.):
(cause sth. to) be communicated or understood 使（某事）传播或为人理解
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---Your meaning didn’t really get across. 你的意思别人并未真正理解。 get ahead (of sb.): progress (beyond sb.) 领先（于某人）
---She’s keen to get ahead in her career. 她热望在事业上出人头地. get back: return, esp. to one’s home ---What time did you get back last night?
get back at sb. (infml.): take revenge on sb. (向某人) 复仇，报复 ---I’ll get find a way of getting back at him! get behind (with sth.):
not proceed at the necessary rate; not produce sth. at the right time 落后；误时；拖延 ---I’m getting behind (with my work). 我（工作）落后了。 get (sb.) off: (cause sb. to ) leave a place or start a journey ---We got off immediately after breakfast. get out: 1) become known 泄露
---The secret got out. 秘密泄露了。 2) dismiss sb. 出局； 使某人出局
---How did Tom get out? Tom是怎么出局的。
get over sth. : overcome, surmount or master sth. 克服；战胜； 掌握 ---She can’t get over her shyness. 她克服不掉羞怯感。
5) Unless they quickly face up to their mistakes, they will miss a unique opportunity to settle the problem once and for all.
除非他们很快勇敢面对自己所犯的错误，否则他们将错过永久性解决这一问题的唯一机会。 6) The students were instructed to do the experiment carefully and to turn in their reports at the beginning of next week.
学生被要求仔细做好这一试验，并于下周一开始就递交试验报告。
7) With machines, people are turning out products more quickly and cheaply than ever before. 运用机器，人们得以更迅速也以更低成本推出产品。 turn (sb.) against sb. :
(cause sb. to) become unfriendly or hostile towards sb. (使某人)与某人反目或为敌 ---She turned against her old friend. 她与老朋友反目成仇了。
turn (sb./ sth.) back: (cause sb./ sth. to) return the way he/ it has come 循原路折返；往回走 ---The weather became so bad that they had to turn back. 天气变得很坏，他们只好原路而归。 turn down/ turn up / turn on/ turn off
turn sth. in: give back sth. that one no longer needs; return sth.
---You must turn in your books which borrowed from library before you leave the school. turn out :be present at an event 出现, 在场
---The whole city turned out to welcome the hero. 全城出动去欢迎英雄。 turn out to be sb./ sth.; turn out that: prove to be sb./ sth.; came to be known that?
---She turned out to be a friend of my sister./ It turned out that she was a friend of my sister. turn sb./ sth. over:
1)(cause sb./ sth. to) face in another direction by rolling ---She went over and went to sleep. 她转过身就睡着了。 2) deliver sb. to; give the control or management of sth. to sb.
---Customs officials turned the man over to the police. 海关人员把那男子送交警方处理。 ---He turned the business over to his daughter. 他把生意移交给女儿管理。
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