华北电力大学
毕业设计（论文）
题目 天然气辊道窑设计
专 业 班 级 学生姓名 指导教师
继续教育学院 年 月 日
2011届本科生毕业设计 摘 要 摘 要
本文为天然气辊道窑设计。通过对原始数据的分析和计算，为了对其他数据整体更好的把握，设定为三块砖并排行进的走砖方式。窑炉总长64.32米，有效宽是2.3米，烧成温度是1210℃。采用天然气作为燃料，燃烧器采用高速脉冲烧嘴，外加套管代替烧嘴砖的方式，可有效的提高燃烧质量。事故处理孔的布置相对密集，相对交错布置。排烟口和抽热风口分别设置在辊上下，且在这些区段的前后设有挡墙和挡板，有效加强内部气体滞留时间，提高冷热交换效果。窑体多使用轻质材料，在保证窑外生产管理环境的前提下减少窑墙厚度，加强保温效果；燃烧器分布较广，在预热带中前段基本只有辊下才有烧嘴，有利于节省燃料，调节温差，使制品烧成质量极好；缓冷段设置较长，有利于控制产品缺陷；每两节就有一对测温孔，测温管分别从窑顶和侧面伸入，侧面的测温孔相错布置，有利于全面获取窑炉内部相对较接近的温度数据。为了方便砌筑工作，在设计中我将砌筑考虑在内，在高度方向上尽可能不砍砖，且计算中已经将单砖和泥浆厚度带入到设计中。本设计将在缓冷抽出的热风部分用于助燃，加强了燃烧和预热效果，且其余废热和预热带抽烟段抽出热烟用于干燥及生活用水，能很好的节能减排。我设计的辊道窑，窑体趋向轻小型化，设计可能相对保守，但都求实用。全窑采用气密性良好的布置，尽可能隔绝窑内外环境，倡导洁净生产，优化工作环境。
关键词：快速烧成、辊道窑、保温 、节能
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2011届本科生毕业设计 Abstract Abstract
I design task as \an annual output of 800,000 square meters of natural gas roller kiln \grasp of the overall consideration of other data, I set three brick brick walk way to move side by side．Total length of 64.32 m the furnace, the effective width is 2.3 meters, the firing temperature is 1210 ℃. Using natural gas as fuel, high-speed pulse burner burner, plus a brick burner casing instead of the way, can effectively improve the combustion quality．Accident relatively dense arrangement of holes, relatively staggered layout．Exhaust port and pump hot air up and down in the roll were set, and in these sections before and after the retaining wall and the baffle has effectively strengthen the internal gas retention time, improve the exchange of hot and cold effect. Kiln to use more lightweight materials, guarantee the production and management of the environment outside the kiln under the premise of reducing the wall thickness of the kiln to enhance the insulation effect; burner widely distributed in the preheating zone in the front burner only under basic only roll will help save Fuel, adjust the temperature, so that the quality of products, excellent firing; slow cooling section to set a longer conducive to control of product defects; every two holes have a pair of temperature, temperature control, respectively, stretching from the furnace top and side, the side Temperature with the wrong hole layout is conducive to relatively close to full access to the internal furnace temperature data. In order to facilitate the work of masonry, masonry in the design, I will take into account the height of cut as much as possible the direction of brick, and the calculation has a single thickness of brick and mud into the design. This design will be out of the hot air part of the slow cooling for combustion, enhanced combustion and preheating, and the remaining waste heat and preheat with hot smoke smoking section out of water for the dry and can be a good energy saving and emission reduction. I designed the roller kiln, my kiln tends to light and small, design may be relatively conservative, but they find useful. All kiln with good air tight layout, cut off from the kiln internal and external environment as much as possible, promote cleaner production, optimize the working environment.
Keywords: quick firing, roller kiln, insulation, energy saving
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2011届本科生毕业设计
目录
前 言?????????????????????????????6 1 设计任务书及原始资料??????????????????????7 2 窑体尺寸的确定????????????????????????8
2.1 进窑砖坯尺寸??????????????????????8
2.2 排砖方法、内宽及内高的确定?????????????????8
2.2.1 排砖方法及内宽??????????????????8 2.2.2 内高??????????????????????8 2.3 烧成制度的确定???????????????????????9 2.4 窑长及各带长?????????????????????10
2.4.1 窑长????????????????????????10
2.4.2 各带长???????????????????????10
3 工作系统的确定?????????????????????????11
3.1 排烟系统????????????????????????11
3.2 燃烧系统????????????????????????11
3.2.1 烧嘴的设置?????????????????????11 3.3 冷却系统?????????????????????????12
3.3.1急冷通风系统?????????????????????12 3.3.2 缓冷通风系统?????????????????????12 3.3.3快冷通风系统?????????????????????12 3.4 窑体附属结构???????????????????????13
3.4.1 事故处理孔??????????????????????13
3.4.2 测温孔???????????????????????13 3.4.3 观火孔???????????????????????13 3.4.4膨胀缝????????????????????????13 3.4.5挡墙、挡板?????????????????????13
4窑体材料确定????????????????????????15
4.1窑体材料确定原则????????????????????15
4.2窑体材料厚度的确定原则???????????????????15 4.3全窑体所用材料及厚度列表?????????????????15 5燃料燃烧计算????????????????????????16
5.1空气量????????????????????????16 5.2.烟气量??????????????????????????16 5.3.燃烧温度???????????????????????16 6物料平衡计算?????????????????????????17
6.1相关物理质量计算?????????????????????17
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2011届本科生毕业设计 目录 7预热带烧成带热平衡计算?????????????????????18
7.1热平衡计算准则??????????????????????18 7.2热平衡示意图????????????????????????18 7.3热收入项目??????????????????????????18
7.3.1坯体带入显热?????????????????????18 7.3.2燃料带入化学热及显热???????????19 7.3.3助燃空气带入显热?????????????????19 7.3.4预热带漏入空气带入显热???????????????19 7.4热支出项目???????????????????????20
7.4.1热制品带出显热????????????????????20 7.4.2窑体散热??????????????????????20 7.4.3物化反应耗热?????????????????????26 7.4.4烟气带走显热?????????????????26 7.4.5其他热损失??????????????????26 7.5 热平衡方程?????????????????????26 8 冷却带热平衡计算?????????????????????28
8.2热收入项目??????????????????????28
8.2.1产品带入显热????????????????????28 8.2.1冷风带入显热????????????????????28 8.3 热支出项目???????????????????????28
8.3.1产品最终带出的显热?????????????????29 8.3.4其它热损失??????????????????34 8.4 热平衡方程??????????????????????34 9烧嘴选型????????????????????????????36 10 传动计算???????????????????????????37
10.1 传动系统的选择????????????????????37 10.2 传动过程：????????????????????????37 10.3 辊子材质的选择?????????????????????37 10.4 辊距的确定????????????????????????38 10.5 辊子传动过程中的联接方式?????????????????38 10.6 辊子转速的选择??????????????????????38 11 管道尺寸、阻力计算及风机的选用??????????????38
11.1排烟风机的管道尺寸、阻力计算?????????????????39
11.1.2 抽烟管道及风机??????????????????39
11.1.3风机的选型????????????????????40 11.2 其他管道及风机?????????????????????41
11.2.1天然气输送管径的计算?????????????????41
11.2.2助燃风管的计算??????????????????41
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