30000吨每年热塑性丁苯橡胶的生产设计

摘要

摘 要

热塑性丁苯橡胶（SBS）是以丁二烯与苯乙烯在锂系催化剂作用下通过溶液聚合制得的高分子弹性体，SBS是一种热塑性弹性体，在常温下显示橡胶的弹性，高温下又能够塑化成型。本文从技术发展、消费状况、环境角度以及可持续发展的观点进行了建设热塑性丁苯橡胶的生产车间设计。根据对热塑性丁苯橡胶的研究和调查，从不同角度对市场、技术经济进行调查，找出一条最适合工业生产的生产线。对原料、生产方法、产品方案、设备及厂址进行了选定。

关键词：热塑性丁苯橡胶 市场分析 设计计算 三废处理

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茂名学院专科毕业设计：3万吨/年顺丁橡胶车间工艺设计

Abstract

Thermoplastic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBS) and styrene butadiene based in lithium catalyst was prepared by solution polymerization polymer elastomer, SBS is a thermoplastic elastomer, at room temperature show the flexibility of rubber, high temperature they can be molded plastics. From the technological development, consumption, environment and sustainable development point of view to building a thermoplastic styrene-butadiene rubber manufacturing plant design. Thermoplastic styrene butadiene rubber based on the research and investigation, from different angles on the market, technical and economic investigation to find out one of the most suitable for industrial production lines. On raw materials, production methods, products, equipment & site were selected.

Keyword：Thermoplastic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBS) market analysis design calculation three wastes curing.

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目录

目 录

摘要………………………………...……………………………………………………………………Ⅰ

Abstract...........................................................................................................................................………Ⅱ

第1章 绪 论 ................................................................................................................................................. 1

1.1热塑性丁苯橡胶的结构与性能与应用 .......................................................................................... 1

1.1.1热塑性丁苯橡胶的结构与性能 .......................................................................................... 1 1.1.2热塑性丁苯橡胶SBS应用 .................................................................................................. 2 1.2热塑性丁苯橡胶国外内发展概况和需求 ...................................................................................... 3

1.2.1生产现状 .............................................................................................................................. 3 1.2.2 进口量逐渐减小 ............................................................................................................... 5 1.2.3热塑性丁苯橡胶橡胶的消费情况 ...................................................................................... 5 1.2.3.1SBS在全球的消费与需求情况 ........................................................................................ 5 1.3热塑性丁苯橡胶的发展方向 .......................................................................................................... 6 1.4本设计的设计任务与内容 .............................................................................................................. 7 第二章 工艺流程的设计 ............................................................................................................................. 8

2.1热塑性丁苯橡胶生产技术 .............................................................................................................. 8

2.2.1聚合反应机理 ...................................................................................................................... 8 2.1.2 聚合反应工艺 ..................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.3生产方法的选择 .................................................................................................................. 9 2.2原料的选择 .................................................................................................................................... 10

2.2.1催化剂的选择 .................................................................................................................... 10 2.2.2聚合溶剂的选择 ................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.3其他助剂的选择 ................................................................................................................ 11 2.2.4聚合条件的选择 ................................................................................................................ 11 2.3生产工艺的选择 ............................................................................................................................ 12

2.3.1凝聚 .................................................................................................................................... 12 2.3.2 回收 ................................................................................................................................... 12 2.4工艺流程及叙述 ............................................................................................................................ 13 2.5顺丁橡胶原料路线 ........................................................................................................................ 14

2.5.1丁二烯 ................................................................................................................................ 14 2.5.2 苯乙烯 ............................................................................................................................... 15

第3章 工艺设计计算 ................................................................................................................................. 17

3.1设计参数 ........................................................................................................................................ 17

3.1.1全装置工艺数据 ................................................................................................................ 17 3.1.2聚合工序 ............................................................................................................................ 17 3.1.3凝聚工序 ............................................................................................................................ 21 3.1.4后处理工序 ........................................................................................................................ 21 3.1.5回收工序 ............................................................................................................................ 21 3.2计算基准 ........................................................................................................................................ 22 3.3计算 ................................................................................................................................................ 22

3.3.1 物料衡算 ........................................................................................................................... 22 3.3.2热量衡算 ............................................................................................................................ 28

第4章 设备计算选型 ................................................................................................................................. 32

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茂名学院专科毕业设计：3万吨/年顺丁橡胶车间工艺设计

4.1 反应器体积的计算 ....................................................................................................................... 32 4.2釜体外形尺寸的设计 .................................................................................................................... 32

4.2.1确定封头型式 .................................................................................................................... 32 4.2.2确定封头与筒体的连接方式 ............................................................................................ 33 4.2.3选择长径比（H/D） .......................................................................................................... 33 4.2.4计算并选择釜体内径 ........................................................................................................ 33 4.2.5计算釜体直边高度 ............................................................................................................ 33 4.3其他零部件的选型 ........................................................................................................................ 34

4.3.1搅拌装置的选型 ................................................................................................................ 34 4.3.2计量泵的选型 .................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.3凝聚的主要设备 ................................................................................................................ 34 4.3.4后处理的主要设备 ............................................................................................................ 35

第5章 厂址选择 ....................................................................................................................................... 36 第6章 “三废”治理 ................................................................................................................................. 37

6.1“三废”治理的意义 ..................................................................................................................... 37 6.2 热塑性丁苯橡胶生产中“三废”的来源、组成及危害 ........................................................... 37

6.3 废水处理 ............................................................................................................................... 39 6.4废气处理 ................................................................................................................................ 40 6.5废渣处理 ................................................................................................................................ 40 6.6 热塑性丁苯橡胶生产中有害物质的最高允许含量 ........................................................... 40

参考文献....................................................................................................................................................... 42

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第1章 绪 论

第1章 绪 论

1.1热塑性丁苯橡胶的结构与性能与应用

1.1.1热塑性丁苯橡胶的结构与性能?1?

热塑性丁苯橡胶（SBS）是以丁二烯、苯乙烯为单体的聚苯乙烯链段(S)构成硬段和聚丁二烯链段(B)构成软段的三嵌段共聚物。是在催化剂作用下通过溶液聚合制得的高分子弹性体，分子式为：

线性：a、线型SBS结构式为：

b、星型SBS结构式：(装置上生产均为星型结构)

式中：n1、n2、m1、m2均为正整数，x一般等于3或4（生产F502时，为2），M表示硅或锡等；Y为氢原子（0或1，但生产F502时，为—(CH3)2）分子链中的聚丁二烯链段的构型：顺式-1，4(约占丁二烯总量的33%)，反式-1，4(约占丁二烯总量55%)和1，2一结构(约占丁二烯总量的12%)。SBS中聚苯乙烯链段和聚丁二烯链段明显地呈现两相结构，互不相容；其中聚苯乙烯区域起交联点和补强粒子的作用，且具有可塑性，即在高温下这些交联点消失，呈现塑性，温度降至常温时，这些交联又恢复，起类似硫化橡胶交联点的作用。SBS有两个玻璃化温度(Tg)，分别接近于聚苯乙烯玻璃化温度(100℃)和聚丁二烯的玻璃化温度(-90℃)。

（1）结构对性能的影响：SBS的结构结构控制，这种在两个方面，即软段的结构，要尽可能的减少丁二烯1,2加成，其次要尽可能减少SB结构聚合物的发生。当SBS的软段位1,4结构的聚丁二烯时，其性能最佳。其中第一玻璃化温度Tg1约为90℃，相当于1,4结构的聚丁二烯橡胶的玻璃化温度，第二玻璃化温度Tg2约为100℃，相当于聚苯乙烯的玻璃化温度。如果软缎1，2-加成结构超过20%，则其共聚物的的橡胶恶化，

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