2019年高考英语二轮专题训练:专题一单项填空板块一含答案(2)

2019-03-10 16:36

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高考对动词、动词短语的考查,除了考查其基本含义辨析外,更注重动词(短语)的新义和引申义,如:polish抛光,磨光(本意)→修正,文饰(引申); sniff嗅,闻(本意)→鄙视地说,嗤之以鼻(引申); stir移动,搅拌(本意)→煽动(引申); break down发生故障,失灵,失效(本意)→坍塌,崩溃,瓦解,中断,中止(引申),同时还有“恸哭”之意; look into向里面看(本意)→调查,研究(引申),同时还有“浏览”之意; work out的基本意思为“解决,算出,制订出”,较生意思为“锻炼”。

3.考查系动词、半系动词用法。动词作系动词用时,后面常接形容词、名词、分词和不定式等,此时动词没有进行时和被动语态。这类动词有:appear,become,feel,look,sound,seem,taste,prove,remain,stay,smell,grow,turn,go,come,fall,stand,lie,exist等。此外,一些无被动语态形式的“个性”动词(短语)也是学习的重点,如belong to(属于),witness(见证,目击)等。 [知识链接] 高考常考的动词短语辨析 1.break 相关短语

break away from... 脱离……,奋力挣脱…… break down 出故障,累垮,分解 break in 打断,插话,强行进入 break into... 闯入……,破门而入 break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生,爆发 break through 突围,冲破,突破 break up 分解,分裂,拆散,碎开

If you go on working like that,you will break down sooner or later. 如果你继续像那样工作,迟早你会累垮的。 2.bring 相关短语

bring about 引起,导致,使发生 bring in 引进(技术),赚钱,带来(收入) bring up 抚养,培养,哺育

bring down/up (the price)使……降低,减少,降价/提价 [比较:(prices) go down/up (价格)下降/上涨]

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bring out 拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出

The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.

政府已经采取措施降低日用品价格以保持市场稳定。 3.call 相关短语

call at (some place) 访问(某地),拜访(某地) [比较:call on(sb) 拜访(某人),访问(某人)] call back 回电话 call in 请来,召集 call off 取消 call on/upon 号召

call up 给……打电话,使人想起

call for 提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人

The scene of the children playing happily in the park called up memories of her childhood.

孩子们在公园高兴玩耍的场景勾起了她对童年的回忆。 4.come 相关短语 come about发生,产生 come across 偶然相遇

come on 过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快 come out 露出,出来,出现,出版,发(芽),(花)开 come up 被提出,上来,走近,上升,长出来 come up with... 提出,想出(主意),找出(答案),赶上 come into being 形成 come into use 投入使用

If you come across faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

如果你发现你想要买的这辆自行车有瑕疵,但是你仍想买这辆,就让服务员降价。 5.get 相关短语

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get away from逃脱,逃离

get away with 做了坏事而未受惩罚 get down to (doing) sth 开始(做)某事 get in 进入,收割,达到 get over 克服,恢复 get across 理解,(使)渡过

get through 接通(电话),完成(工作),通过(考试)

After that,he knew he could get through any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.

在此之后,他知道只要尽全力就能成功应对一切紧急事件。 6.give 相关短语

give away赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发 give in 投降,让步,屈服 give back 归还,送回

give off 释放,放出(烟、光、热等) give out 用完,耗尽,分发,发放 give up 放弃,辞去

He said he wasn’t disappointed at the result of the final exam,but the look on his face gave himself away.

他说他对期末考试的结果不失望,但是他脸上的表情出卖了他。 7.go 相关短语 go against违反,违背

go over 复习,重温,仔细检查,审阅 go by 走过,经过,(时间)消逝,过去 go out 熄灭,出去,外出

go without 没有……也行,没有……也能勉强应付 go through 通过,经受,浏览,仔细检查 I always start the day by going through my email. 我每天第一件事就是要看电子邮件。

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8.hold 相关短语

hold back隐瞒;控制(情感) hold out 维持;抵抗;硬撑 hold up 使……耽搁 hold on 坚持;别挂(电话) hold together 团结一致 hold on to 保留,抓住不放

I’d hold on to that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply at the moment.

我目前要守住这套房子,这段时间房价涨得很快。 9.look 相关短语

look back on...回顾……,回忆…… look on 旁观,观望

look into... 往……里面看,浏览,调查 look out (for) 留神,当心,注意,警惕,提防 look through 看透,仔细查看,浏览,翻阅,温习 look up 仰视,往上看,(在字典或参考书中)查阅,查询

The authorities will look into the case further before they can come to a conclusion about it.

官方要对此案做进一步调查才能得出结论。 10.make 相关短语 make the best of充分利用 make up for 补偿,弥补 make out 辨认出 make fun of 取笑

make up one’s mind 下定决心 make sense 有道理(意义),讲得通 make good/full use of 充分利用

make up 编造;组成;构成;补齐,凑足

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The boy is working harder than ever,hoping to make up the time he has wasted playing online games.

为了把浪费在网络游戏上的时间弥补回来,男孩比之前学习更努力。 11.put 相关短语

put away将某物收拾起来,存钱,储存 put down 扑灭,镇压,记下 put forward 提出,建议 put off 延期,拖延

put on (戏)上演,穿上,戴上 put out 扑灭,熄灭,出版,生产 put up 挂起,张贴,搭起,建立,住宿 put up with 忍受,容忍

Why do we have to put up with Susan’s selfish behavior? We have to teach her to care for others.

为什么我们要忍受苏珊的自私行为?我们得教她关心别人。

He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting up at a hotel for the night。

他决定当晚直接开车回家,而不住旅馆。 12.set 相关短语

set about doing sth=set out to do sth着手/开始做某事 set aside 留出,搁/放在一边

set off 出发,启程,引起爆炸,激起,引起 set out (for...) 动身去(……)

set up 创立,设立,开办,竖起,支起

The couple set aside some money every month for their future use even though their income can only make ends meet.

这对夫妻每个月都存一些钱以备将来使用,尽管他们的收入只能使他们勉强维持生计。

13.take 相关短语


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