Chapter1 简易词 形容词、副词 10
这也显示，美国经济在经历10年来相当繁荣的一年之后，可能正开始衰退。 █ slacken v. 减缓，减弱
volatile [ˋvɑl?n?t?r?] adj. 善变的 【同】unstable
When properly combined, three volatile elements generate American celebrity: the media, the public and the spinmeisters who manipulate them. (TIME, June 26, 1995, p.30)
下面这3个善变的因素，如果搭配得好，就可以让人在美国名声大噪，这3个因素就是媒体、公众及操纵媒体与公众的形象包装高手。
█ spinmeister n. spin和meister的复合字。spin指（对某著作、政策、形式或事件）给予新的解读或扭曲（以营造对作者或政治人物有利的局面，如良好的公众形象）；meister是德文，同英文的master（高手、能手）。两个字合起来就是指善于利用媒体以塑造良好公众形象的人，类似spin doctor（指党对媒体的发言人，替政治人物等处理媒体问题的顾问）。
voluntary [ˋvɑl?n?t?r?] adj. 志愿的，自愿的 【反】obligatory
It has been 16 months since Australia’s Northern Territory became the first place in the world to legalize voluntary euthanasia. (TIME, Oct.7, 1996, p.39)
自从澳大利亚的北方区成为世界上第一个将自愿安乐死合法化的地方，至今已有16个月了。 vulnerable [ˋv?ln?r?bl] adj. 易受伤的，脆弱的
The long time lag between the weapons’ arrival and the Bosnians’ training would leave them extremely vulnerable to snap Serb offensives? (TIME, Oct.10, 1994, p.44)
在武器运达之后和波斯尼亚人受训练熟悉装备之前，有一段长长的空挡，这期间他们根本经不起塞尔维亚人的突袭。
█ lag n. （时间之间的）空挡
Chapter2 简易词 动词 11
Chapter2 简易词 动词
abandon [?ˋb?nd?n] v. 抛弃 【同】give up【反】Scientists first raised alarms about climate change in the late 1980s, but the international community has taken few concrete steps to address the stay with
Zhu (Ming-jiang) was forced as a teenager to abandon his education and, like tens of thousands of other intellectual young Chinese during the 1960s and 70s, was sent to the countryside to be ―re-educated‖ by peasant.
朱明江少年时期被迫失学，和六七十年代成千上万的中国知识青年一样被送到乡间接受农民的“再教育”。 abolish [?ˋbɑl??] v. 废除
Man holds in his mortal hands the power to
abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.
生命有限的人类，手中握有的力量，可以消灭人类一切的贫穷状态，也可以灭绝人类所有的生命形态。
abuse [?ˋbjuz] v.&n. 滥用；虐待
The term is much abused lately: in its strictest sense, virtual reality means creating an artificial environment so convincing it can’t be distinguished from the real thing.
仿真一词近来常被滥用，若严格加以定义，仿真表示创造一个人工的环境，而其如此接近事实，令人真伪难辨。
acknowledge [?kˋnɑl?d?] v. 承认 【同】admit Johnson acknowledged that he has in the past taken AZT, the antiviral drug typically
administered when a person’s helper T-cell count drops to 500.
约翰逊承认他曾服用AZT，这种药物一般开给体内辅助性T细胞数量少于500的人服用。 acquire [?ˋkwa?r] v. 获取，取得
Even very young children learn by imitation; by watching how others act when they see someone in distress, these children acquire a repertoire of sensitive responses.
即使非常幼小的孩童也能通过模仿来学习。他们观察别人对伤心者的反应，从中学习到很多情绪反应，并存在记忆中。
█ distress n. 痛苦，悲痛； a repertoire of 许多的，多方面的
adapt [?ˋd?pt] v. 适应 【同】adjust
John Woo believes the communists are too smart to kill a cash like the Hong Kong movie business, and that local moviemakers will adapt. 吴宇森相信，共产党人很聪明，不会扼杀香港电影业这只金母鸡，而香港电影业本生也会适应。
address [ˋ?dr?s] v. 处理 【反】ignore
problem.
科学家首先在1980年代末期提出对气候改变的警告，但是国际社会未采取什么具体行动处理这个问题。
affect [?ˋf?kt] v. 影响
They insist that the issue (work-family dilemma) be seen as affecting both men and women. 他们坚持认为，（工作与家庭难以兼顾）这个问题应该被视为对男性与女性双方都有影响。 amount [?ˋma?nt] v. 等于
The morning in Seattle, addressing hundreds of analysts and media, Gates hit a rare rhetorical high, offering up what amounted to his new digital gospel.
那天早上在西雅图盖茨对数百名分析家与媒体人士，以罕见的慷慨激昂的措词，发表了一篇声明，等于揭示了他对于数字时代的新信条。 █ hit v. 达到（某一水平）；rhetorical adj. 措辞的；high adj. 高水准 appeal [?ˋpil] v. 呼吁
In a letter released after his death, Dent appealed to those who attacked his decision:‖ If you
disagree with voluntary euthanasia, then don’t use it, but don’t deny me the right to use it if and when I want to.‖
在邓特死后所公开的一封信中，他呼吁那些攻击他所作决定的人：“如果你不赞成自愿安乐死，那就不要采用它，可是如果我想采用，以及决定什么时候采用，也请尊重我的权利。” appreciate [?ˋpri???et] v. 喜欢
Patients appreciate the service, and the physicians seem to enjoy providing it.
患者喜欢这项服务，医生似乎也乐意提供。 arouse [?ˋra?z] v. 引起
Any stranger who wanted to buy a large amount of ANFO (ammonium nitrate and fuel oil) would immediately arouse suspicion. 凡是想大批购买硝酸铵和燃料油的来路不明之士，都会立即令人生疑。
assemble [?ˋs?mbl] v. 组合 【同】gather Prosecutors sought to assemble a detailed chronology of the murder night with a parade of witnesses?
检察官陆续访谈了多名证人，以拼组出谋杀案当晚的详细过程。
█ chronology n. （事件）发生过程的记载 assert [?ˋs?t] v. 主张、断言，宣称 【同】declare Finally, since quantum physics asserts that matter and energy are interchangeable, we are not
Chapter2 简易词 动词 12
individual beings at all but merely local expressions of an infinite, universal field of energy.
最后，既然量子物理主张物质和能量可以互换，Olympics Atlanta will be the safest city in this country, certainly, and on the globe, probably.‖ 市长坎贝尔夸口说：“奥运期间，亚特兰大将是全国，甚至可能是全世界最安全的地方。” 那么我们根本不是独立的个体，只不过是宇宙间无限能量场的局部表现而已。 assign [?ˋsa?n] v. 指派
The new top officer of the Navy?promised to speed up plans to assign women to all surface vessels and perhaps even allow them aboard submarines, the Navy’s last all-male bastion. 这位新上任的海军高级官员承诺，加速推动派遣女兵登上各舰只服务的计划，甚至可能让女兵进驻潜水艇——这个抗拒女性进入海军的最后据点。
█ bastion n. 强力护卫某习俗或观念的体制或组织，堡垒
associate [?ˋso???t] v. 将??联想在一起 Comets have long been associated with war, upheaval and disaster.
长久以来，人们总把彗星与战争、动乱和灾难联系在一起。 assure [?ˋ??r] v. 保证 【同】guarantee But even such battle-hardened successes do not assure victory for AmEx in its quest to reclaim the top standing it lost in 1989 in the $562 billion credit-card industry.
这是历尽艰苦奋斗才得到的成功，即使如此，也不表示美国运通公司必能在营业额达5620亿美金的信用卡业务中，如愿重登龙头宝座。美国运通公司于1989年失去这项宝座。 ban [b?n] v.&n. 禁止 【同】v. prohibit bar Beijing bans overseas exhibits of pre-Ming dynasty paintings and calligraphy because of the extreme vulnerability of the ancient brocade, silk and paper.
北京禁止明朝以前的书画出国展览，因为年代久远的锦缎、丝绸与纸张极为脆弱。 █ vulnerability n. 脆弱，易受伤害 betray [b?ˋtre] v. 背叛
They take a soap-opera plot – betrothed teenager falls for stranger, perfect mother is betrayed by her neighbors, ex-prostitute tries to live an honorable life ?
他们采用通俗肥皂剧的剧情：如已定亲的少年爱上了陌生人；贤妻良母遭邻居出卖；从良的妓女想过有尊严的生活?? █ plot n. (小说等的)情节，构想； betrothed adj. 已订婚的
boast [bost] v. 夸耀
Boasts Mayor Bill Campbell:‖ During the
champion [ˋt??mp??n] v. 提倡 【同】advocate Psychiatrist Brian Weiss is perhaps the most exotic. He champions reincarnation therapy. 心理医生布赖恩·韦斯可能是最特异的一位，他提倡轮回疗法。
characterize [ˋk?r?kt??ra?z] v. 有??特征 【同】describe
―I can’t characterize my music as religious, although religious music is very close and dear to me,‖ says Kancheli, a devout Orthodox Christian. “我不能把自己的音乐视为宗教音乐，虽然宗教音乐我常接触，而且是我所挚爱。”虔诚的东征教徒坎且利如是说。
claim [klem] v. 声称 【同】maintain In fact, authorities claim that one-third of Taiwan’s more than 1200 known ―black societies‖ were dissolved during the amnesty.
事实上，当局声称，台湾已知的1200多个黑社会帮派中，有1/3在这次特赦中解散。 collapse [k?ˋl?ps] v. 崩溃，倒塌
As baby boomers save for retirement, colleges for the kids or a rainy day (say, when the U.S. Social Security system collapses), their investment rates will soar.
婴儿潮时期出生的人口正在存钱以备养老、儿女的教育基金或是不时之需（例如一旦美国是会保险机制崩溃时），所以他们的投资比例会大幅增加。
█ a rainy day 将来可能有的苦日子
collide [k?ˋla?d] v. 碰撞 【同】crash into Traveling at speeds of 130,000 m.p.h., mountain size fragments of the comet Shoemarker-Lavy 9 tore huge holes in Jupiter’s atmosphere throughout the week, giving astronomers a glimpse of the titanic forces released when celestial objects collide.
整整一星期，“苏梅克-列维9号”彗星的众多碎片，以庞大如山的身躯，13万英里的时速，将木星的大气层冲出数个大洞，让天文学家得以一窥星体相撞时所释放出的巨大力量。 █ titanic n. 巨大的
command [k?ˋm?nd] v. 博得（尊敬）
Along with enthusiasm, sumo commands a large measure of reverence.
除了狂热之外，相扑还博得民众普遍的崇敬。 compel [k?mˋp?l] v. 逼迫
They tried to push me, a Russian general, to shoot my own people in the capital of my own state. No
Chapter2 简易词 动词 13
such force exists that would compel me to do this. 身为俄国将军，他们要我在祖国的首都射杀同胞，但世界上任何力量都不能逼迫我去做这样的事。
compromise [k?mˋp?l] v. 承认
If they think I am prepared to compromise, they’re in fantasy land.
如果他们以为我打算妥协，那他们是在做梦。 concede [k?nˋsid] v. 承认 【同】admit acknowledge
After three decades of spraying fire-ant territory with the killer compounds, however, the U.S. government was forced to concede defeat. 然而，在火蚁分布地区用杀虫剂喷洒了30年后，美国政府不得不承认失败。 █ compound n. 化合物
condemn [k?nˋd?m] v. 谴责 【同】denounce 【反】praise endorse
Washington has been urging Arafat to condemn the terrorism.
华盛顿当局一直在敦促阿拉法特谴责恐怖主义。
conduct [ˋkɑnd?kt] v. 经营，处理，进行 【同】carry out
The project, called the New Economic Equation, conducted focus groups around the U.S. with men and women on all rungs of the socioeconomic ladder.
这个成为“新经济模式”的计划，针对美国国内一些特定群体来进行，研究这些来自各个社会经济阶层的男男女女。 █ rung n. （社会上的）阶层 confront [k?nˋfr?nt] v. 面对，对抗 【同】face It’s hard to love someone who we see as an enemy, someone who kills children for profit. But God says we must love our enemies. Loving them means we must confront them with the truth of their sin.
要我们为眼中的敌人，以及为利而杀死孩童的人付出爱心，是不容易的事，但上帝说我们必须爱敌人，爱他们意味着我们要使他们如实面对他自己的罪行。
conquer [ˋk??k?] v. 征服，克服
Conquering the light-speed computer industry means leaping ahead one cognitive generation and landing in the right place.
征服光速般突飞猛进的电脑业，意味着跃入一个知识的世纪，并找准了自己的位置。 █ cognitive adj. 认知（力）的 constitute [ˋkɑnst??tut] v. 构成
Among other things, such studies help doctors determine what constitutes a safe dose of a ddrug before trying it out on people.
别的不提，这类实验至少帮医生了解一种新药的安全剂量是多少，然后才能试用在人身上。 contemplate [ˋkɑnt?m?plet] v. 考虑、思索 【同】consider
Congress is contemplating hearings on the advertising of alcoholic beverages.
国会正在考虑就含酒精饮料的广告举行听证会。
contend [k?nˋt?nd] v. 1.竞争，对抗
Of all the infectious disease humans will have to contend with as the world gets warmer, malaria may be the worst.
随着世界变得愈来愈温暖，人类所必须对抗的所有传染性疾病当中，疟疾可能是最厉害的。 2.坚称，力辩
These attempts to undermine their country and its culture, the authors contend, ―have made the Chinese people, particularly the youth, sick and full of aversion.‖
这些作者坚称，那些企图破坏中国及其文化的举动，已让中国人，尤其是中国青年，心生厌恶，极其强烈的反感。 █ aversion n. 嫌恶，反感
contribute [k?nˋtr?bj?t] v. 贡献，出力 【同】donate
French officials, who regularly complain about the American refusal to contribute ground troops, tried again to persuade Washington to take part. 对于美国不愿派遣地面部队屡有怨言的法国官员，再次试图说服华盛顿当局出兵。 convert [k?nˋv?t] v. 转变
Using a strategy Arthur calls ―target, leverage, link and lock,‖ Microsoft proceeded to convert DOS users to Windows users, Windows users to Word users and so on down the product line. 实行阿瑟所说的策略“设定目标，主导潮流，连接商品，锁定市场”，微软公司陆续将DOS用户转换成Windows用户，将Windows用户变成Word用户，按此方式将原用户转成该公司后续产品的用户。
convey [k?nˋve] v. 表达，传达 【同】communicate
Its report, released early this month, conveys guarded optimism.
该小组在本月初所公布的报告，表达了审慎的乐观态度。
convince [k?nˋv?ns] v. 说服 【同】persuade If the CIA is not interested, that’s their business, I am convinced that we should continue the research.
Chapter2 简易词 动词 14
如果中央情报局不感兴趣，那是他们的事，我可是相信我们应该继续这方面的研究。
cope [kop] v. 妥善应付 【同】manage contend █ scorch v. 使烧焦； oust v. 逐出 detect [d?ˋt?kt] v. 发现，检测到
More important, over the past four years the
Struggling to cope with last December’s
staggering $1.7 billion bankruptcy, officials in California’s Orange Country announced plans to sell off area assets such as libraries, courts and a juvenile-detention facility.
去年12月加州奥兰治郡因17亿美元的巨额负债而宣告破产，为应付此问题忙得焦头烂额的该郡官员宣布，拟出售该郡自称2，包括数栋图书馆、数栋法院及一处少年拘留所。 counter [ˋka?nt?] v. 反驳
The defense will call Nobel laureate Kary
Mullis? to testify that the (blood) samples used by the prosecution were too small to ensure reliable results. But deputy district attorney Lisa Kahn is an expert on DNA testing, and will be expected to counter such objections.
辩方将请来诺贝尔奖得主穆里斯，以证实检方所用的血迹采样数量太少，构不成足够的证据。但该地的副检察官坎恩是DNA测定专家，想必会对上述异议提出反驳。 credit [ˋkr?d?t] v. 褒奖
DIA credited psychics with creating accurate pictures of Soviet submarine construction hidden from U.S. spy satellites ?
国防部情报局褒奖灵媒可精确地画出连美国间谍卫星都查不出来的前苏联潜艇建造基地。 █ psychic n. 灵媒
curb [k?b] v. 限制，规范，克制 【同】check restrain
When a company gets to be big enough, it either curbs its youthful ways or it invites the kind of scrutiny Microsoft is now getting.
一个公司发展到相当强盛的时候，要不就是收敛其锐气，要不就像现在的微软公司一样，引起普遍的注目。
demonstrate [ˋd?m?n?stret] v. 显示 【同】show
The fossil demonstrates that brooding behavior evolved long before there were birds.
这化石显示，早在鸟类出现之前，孵蛋的行为就已经演化出来。
deprive [d?ˋpra?v] v. 剥夺
Those who have escaped the region [ Haiti ] claim the army has conducted a scorched-earth policy in an attempt to deprive [ the ousted President ] Aristide’s allies of their food and livelihood. 逃出海地的人士声称，海地军方已实施焦土政策，企图让【逃亡总统】阿里斯蒂德的支持者断炊，无以维生。 scientists have not been able to detect even a trace of HIV in the child’s system.
更重要的是，过去4年里科学家一直未从这孩子身上检测出任何艾滋病毒的迹象。 deteriorate [d?ˋt?r???ret] v. 恶化 【反】improve ―The paranoia is so deep,‖ says Jay Printz, sheriff of Ravalli County, Montana, another hotbed of militia activity. ―I just hope it doesn’t deteriorate into armed confrontations. ‖
蒙大拿州拉瓦里县是另一个民兵活动猖獗的地方，该县警长普林兹说：“被迫害妄想症已很严重，我只希望不会完全恶化为武装冲突。 █ hotbed v. （罪恶等的）温床
devastate [ˋd?v?s?tet] v. 彻底破坏 【同】ravage wreck
Damming rivers for hydropower plants has
devastated river systems, submerged farmland and displaced thousands of people.
拦河筑坝，建立水力发电厂，破坏了河川生态体系，淹没农田，并使数千人被迫迁居他乡。 █ submerge v. 淹没
devote [d?ˋvot] v. 致力于，献身于 【同】dedicate
In 1902, Alfred Stieglitz, Edward Steichen and other now venerated American photographers formed a group devoted to convincing doubters that photography was a worthy form of artistic expression. 1902年，阿尔弗雷德·施蒂格利茨、爱德华·施泰肯和一些当今甚受敬重的美国摄影大师组织了一个团体，致力于让人们相信摄影是一种高尚的艺术表达方式。
█ venerate v. 敬重，崇拜 diagnose [?da??ɡˋnos] v. 诊断
Diagnosed with prostate career in 1991, Dent began his journey to death several weeks ago. 1991年邓特经诊断患有前列腺癌，数周后他开始了死亡之旅。
dismiss [] v. 轻视，忽略 【同】discount Some educators dismiss as simplistic and
overdone the nation that girls eagerly await such ―feminine‖ software as Barbie CD-ROMS.
“女孩子渴望像芭比这种‘女性化’的软件光碟出现”，有些教育界人士认为这种观念太单纯，而且太夸大，而不值一顾。
█ overdone adj. 太过火的，太过度的 displace [d?sˋples] v. 撤换，强迫迁居 Knight, however, does not believe empires last forever. Business cycles will displace