腐殖物的重大任务。杂草在使土壤变得肥沃这方面也起了很大的作用。
我们知道人类和自然之间的冲突确实存在并且在某种程度上这种冲突是必不可少的。但是，我们正在不断地认识到一个让我们自己也感到恐惧的事实：那就是，这种冲突经常是以双方的牺牲为代价的。这不仅可能而且多半会成为事实：我们在毁灭自然的同时毁灭了我们自己，反之亦然。
Unit 6 A. 1. complexity 2. wild 3. surplus 4. indifferently 5. earthly 6. acknowledge 7. obviously/apparently
8. diminish 9. artificial 10. destructive
B. 1-g 2-j 3-a 4-f 5-b
6-h 7-I 8-c 9-d 10-e 1. primeval 2. whatsoever 3. beneficent 4. ultimately 5. pointedly 6. intricate 7. encroaching 8. indispensable 9. legitimate 10. fertility
C. 1. In short 2. attributed to 3. is up against 4. were under the spell of 5. at the expense of 6. regardless of 7. Allowing for 8. was involved in 9. acting on 10. vice versa
D.
1. C. increases
2. B. that of the general population
3. B. largely self-contained
4. A. in charge of 5. D. confused 6. C. safety provisions
7. B. that 8. B. by which 9. C. put 10. D. much of
E. 1. survival 2. perceive 3. public 4. occupy 5. lots 6. hand 7. restored 8. fertility 9. renewed 10. dwellings 11. wilderness 12. transitions 13. agriculture 14. even 15. beyond
Key to the translation from English to Chinese:
A. 正如诗人埃德蒙.斯宾塞在将近四百年前所说的那样，大自然是“最伟大的女神”。她似乎担任了上帝驻地球的总督的职务。斯宾塞把她描写成一位母亲和法官。她管辖着所有的生物之间的往来，并不分厚薄地给予他们权利，因为她是一位公正的母亲。她把他们紧密地联结在一起，就象兄弟姐妹。因而，在斯宾塞看来，生物繁殖及生物秩序的自然规律与公正原则显而易见地是联系在一起的。当我们得知斯宾塞认为大自然也具有公正原则的时候我们或许有点吃惊。然而，斯宾塞不仅以人类的手足之情而是以所有生物的手足之情为依据来坚持自然界有这么一位“公正的”法官。要是在当今，我们会说斯宾塞是以生态学作为
其可靠依据的。
B. 如果我们人类和大自然的固有关系不是相互对抗的，那么，它又是什么样的一种关系呢？对我们来讲，这个变得相当复杂难解，因为正如我先前所讲过的那样，我们中没有人想在未经开发的原始森林里或在未经改造的原始大草原上生活，我们不想被大灰熊吃掉。假如我们是园艺家，我们有正当的理由去抱怨园内的杂草。在肯塔基州，如果我们准备改良牧场，我们就很可能成为那一片随风摆动的大蓟的敌人。但是，如果我们还随心所欲，想做什么就做什么，那么，我们就会对那些曾经被我们砍伐破坏了的原始森林和草原着迷，我们会一而再而三地想起它们，想起那些幸存的原始森林和原始草原。我们还会感到大灰
熊深深地吸引着我们。我们知道，在整个人类时期我们会一直想起大灰熊及其他一些危险动物。
Key to the translation from Chinese to English:
1. Most conservationists believe that humans thrive best in ecological health and that the sign of
this health is the survival of a diversity of wild animals.
2. Mr. Smith produced abundant evidence to indicate that we, to some extent, diminish ourselves if
we diminish nature.
3. Many cities in Western countries have switched to a new gasoline formula that reduces the
pollution content. This is also true of some cities in China.
4. As depicted in a poem written by the English poet Edmund Spenser, nature is not only a mother
but a judge, having jurisdiction over and doing justice to all creatures
5. A government study concludes that besides overcrowding and poor public transport, the biggest
problems the city is up against are noise and pollution.
6. Unlike all other creatures, humans have the ability to act on their judgment/ understanding. 7. Don't you agree with the statement that health without wealth is preferable to wealth without
health?
8. Even those defenders of industrial economy have to acknowledge openly that any conflict
between humans and nature often occurs at the expense of both.
9. If your friend kindly points out a fault you have, take what is said not merely pleasantly, but
thankfully.
10. One of the differences between humans and wild animals is that (or lies in that) the former can
make a wise choice as to the kind and scale of the change they make to nature.
Unit7 野心的优点
野心是罗夏墨迹测验的字眼之一：给它下个定义你立刻就流露出你很多的内心世界。即使是最中立的著作，韦伯斯特的字典，新大学版第七版，也暴露出自己的观点，将“ambition”首先定义为：“追求官阶、名誉或权势的强烈欲望。”于是乎“ardent”这个词直接承受一种压力，与褒义和恒心不再不相称，而官阶、名誉和权势至少受到百年猛烈的抨击。毕竟是有人热衷于为民谋福利；为减轻民众的痛苦而奔走，为开发民智而雄心万丈，尽管有人说这些恰巧是野心勃勃的人，绝大多数不可信任。
毫无疑问，雄心大志期望的是荣耀、财富、爱情、名气、成就、享乐、完美。当然，命运怎样对待我们的理想和期待不可预料。有些梦想，始于大公无私的初衷，其结果是积怨结仇；有的梦想，起先纯粹是出干自谋私利，但到头来却称善于人梦想结果的不可预见性决不是停止梦想的理由。
诚然，说到野心，即使并不掺杂超过敢于向上爬这样目的的纯粹事情，也不会让人感到前程似锦。如同酒鬼之嗜酒，执着的人怀有野心——使它声名狼藉。就像嗜酒如命一样，野心也总是欲壑难填。有些人不能控制野心；给他人带来灾难，这就不单单是野心人的问题。虽然如此，这当中似乎没有一点充分的理由将野心驱逐到见不得人的暗处。
在人们数落野心的种种不是时，野心能坏到什么极至呢?兹列一份略