blank must refer to ―the number of things to choose from‖, which is the meaning of ―choice‖. 4) As the middle track was missing, the relation between the author and the track can
only be mental, and the word ―terribly‖ shows that it is emotional—regretting the absence of something one loved. So ―missed‖ is the right word. 5) ―The way led past . . .‖ and ―it lay there‖ indicate that ―the tennis . . .‖ refers to a
location related to the game of tennis, so it must be the tennis ―court‖. This is further proved by the description of the ―tape‖, ―alleys‖ and ―net‖. 6) ―Plantain‖ is a weed, ―other . . .‖ must be ―other weeds‖. 7) ―June‖, ―September‖, ―noon‖, ―steamed‖ and ―midday‖ all connote high
temperature. In ―steamed with . . . ―, the blank states the reason for ―steaming‖, which can only be ―heat‖. 8) The subject of ―. . . were the same country girls‖ must refer to females. These
females must be related to the supply of such foods as blueberry pie and apple pie. So they were either cooks or waitresses. But ―the whole place‖ was not the author‘s home, so the females were not cooks, but waitresses, who are further described later in the passage. 9) In ―no . . . of time‖, the blank must refer to a phenomenon with ―time‖, which is
either ―passage‖ (a noun derived from the verb ―pass‖) or ―stopping‖, or ―waste‖ or ―saving‖. ―No passage of time‖ is reasonable because ―the waitresses were the same country girls.‖ 10) The waitresses were the same as those of the past in age—still fifteen. But they had
washed their hair because they had been to the movies and seen the pretty girls with the clean hair, whereas the waitresses of the past had had no chance of seeing movies, which did not appear until 1911. So the clean hair was a ―difference.‖ 3. Translating
Translate the underlined part of the following passage into Chinese.
Summertime, oh summertime, pattern of life indelible, the fade-proof lake, the woods unshatterable, the pasture with the sweet fern and the juniper forever and ever, summer without end; this was the background, and the life along the shore was the design, the cottagers with their innocent and tranquil design, their tiny docks with the flagpole and the American flag floating against the white clouds in the blue sky, the little paths over the roots of the trees leading from camp to camp and the paths leading back to the outhouses and the can of lime for sprinkling, and at the souvenir counters at the store the miniature birch-bark canoes and the post cards that showed things looking a little better than they looked. This was the American family at play, escaping the city heat, wondering whether the newcomers in the camp at the head of the cove were ―common‖ or ―nice,‖ wondering whether it was true that the people who drove up for Sunday dinner at the farmhouse were turned away because there wasn‘t enough chicken. ??这一切是底色，湖四周的生活是这底色上的图案。村民们编织着他们纯洁而宁静的生活图案；小小的码头上竖着旗杆，美国国旗在蔚蓝的天幕下迎风飘扬，映衬着朵朵白云。小径越过树根，从一栋小屋通向另一栋小屋，最后折回到户外厕所和放置喷洒用的石灰罐的地方。百货店的纪念品柜台上，摆放着白桦树雕成的微形独木舟；明信片上的景物比它们本来的样子显得稍许好看些。这是闲适的美国家庭，不受城市酷热的煎熬，拿不准小湾尽头的新来者是―一般人‖呢还是―有教养的人‖，也拿不准星期天驱车来农庄吃饭的那些人因鸡肉不够而被拒之门外的传说是不是真的。
Chinese Version of the Text
再度游湖(节选)
1 有一年夏天，是1904年前后吧，我父亲在缅因州的一个湖边租了一间营房，带着我们大家到那儿去过八月。我们个个都患了小猫传染的铜钱癣，不得不在臂上腿上日日夜夜涂庞氏膏；父亲划独木舟时和衣翻进了湖里；但是除了这些，假期过得很开心。自此之后，我们谁都认为世上再没有像缅因州那个湖那么好的去处了。一年又一年夏天，我们回到湖畔度假——总是八月一日去，接着待上一整月。从此我一直都是到海边浸咸水。但是夏天有时候潮涨潮退不得一会儿安宁，海水凉得刺骨，整个下午，海风刮得没完没了，一直刮到晚上。这一切都使我向往森林里一个小湖的宁静。几周前，这渴望愈来愈强烈，于是买了几个刺鳍鱼钓钩，一个旋转钓饵，回到以前度假的湖畔，打算钓一个礼拜的鱼，重游昔日常去的地方。 2 我是带着儿子去的。他鼻子里从来没有呛过淡水，也只在火车窗口见过睡莲叶子。到湖边去途中，我开始琢磨那湖如今成了什么样儿，琢磨着岁月把这个无与伦比的圣地毁坏到了什么地步——那一个个小湾，那一条条溪流，还有那一座座落日依偎的小山，那一间间营房以及房后的一条条小路，都怎么样了？我想，那条柏油路一定一直修到了湖边，琢磨着破坏湖景的还有哪些东西。也真怪，你一旦开始回忆往事，关于那样的地方你记得的是那么多。你想起了一件事，那件事突然又让你想起另一件事。我想，我记得最清楚的是湖水清凉，纹丝不动的清晨；我记起营房卧室里飘着建房用的木材的香味，还有从纱窗透进来的潮湿的树木的气味。隔板很薄，没有一直伸到屋顶；而我总是最早起床，只得悄悄穿好衣服，免得吵醒别人，然后蹑手蹑脚地溜到芬芳馥郁的野外，登上独木舟，挨着岸边，在松树长长的影子中向前划去。我记得自己非常小心，不让桨叶擦着船舷上沿，唯恐打破了这圣地的宁静。 3 那湖一向就不是你所说的那种不见人迹的湖。湖畔散落着农舍，尽管周围树木蓊郁，但外围是农田。有的农舍是邻近庄户人家的。度假者住在湖边，但到农舍就餐。我家当时就是这样。然而，这湖虽不是完全不见人迹，倒也相当大，无车马之喧。而且至少对一个孩子来说，有些去处似乎无限遥远而古老。
4 关于柏油路，我果然猜中了。这路已修到离岸边只有半英里的地方。但是，当我带儿子回到那儿，在农庄附近的一间营房里安顿下来，开始度过那种熟悉的夏令时光，我看得出，情况会跟以前没有多大差别——第一天清晨，我躺在床上，闻着卧室的木材气味，听见儿子蹑手蹑脚溜出屋子，登上小船沿岸划去，我就知道这一点。我开始产生了一种幻觉：儿子就是我，而我，经过简单的换位，就成了我父亲。我们在那儿逗留的那些天里，这种感觉挥之不去，时时会冒出来。 当然，这种幻觉以往并非从来都不曾有过，但在这种场景里，就更加强烈了。我似乎在过着双重的生活。我常常正做着某种极普通的事，正拾起一只鱼饵盒，或是放下一只餐叉，或是正说着什么。突然间，我觉得是我的父亲，而不是我，在说着这话，在做着这事。那是一种让人浑身发麻的感觉。
5 当天上午，我们去钓鱼。我抚摸着鱼饵罐里盖着虫子的同样湿润的青苔，看见那只蜻蜓在离水面几英寸的地方盘旋，然后落到我的钓竿梢上。正是这只蜻蜓的到来使我毫无疑问地相信，一切就像从前，岁月不过是海市蜃楼罢了，根本就未曾流逝。我们把船泊在湖中垂钓，那轻波细浪还是原样，轻抚着船头下面，船还是那条船，颜色依旧碧绿，船肋依旧在原处断裂。舱板下残留着的依旧是那样一些淡水残渣废弃物—— 一只只死掉的鱼蛉幼虫，一团团苔藓，生锈的废钓钩，昨天钓到的鱼留下的血迹。我们默默地凝视着钓竿末梢，凝视着飞来飞去的蜻蜓。我把钓竿放低，让竿梢浸到水里，尝试地、若有所思地把蜻蜓赶离竿梢。蜻蜓飞开两英尺，悬空不动，然后又飞回来，落在钓竿上更远一点的地方。这只蜻蜓躲闪的情形跟原来那只蜻蜓——记忆中的蜻蜓——躲闪的情形之间并没有岁月的流逝。我瞧瞧儿子，他正默默地注视着他的钓竿上的蜻蜓，我觉得拿着钓竿的是我的手，注视着的是我的眼睛。我不禁头晕目眩起来，分不清自己坐在哪根钓竿后面。
6 我们钓到了两条刺鳍鱼，轻捷地把它们拖过来，像是拖鲭鱼似的，连抄网都没用就熟练地拖进了船舱，在它们头上敲了一下，把它们打昏。我们回到岸边，想在午饭前游一会泳，发现湖水淹到的地方跟我们离开时完全一样，离码头还是那几英寸远，湖面上仅有一丝丝微风。这湖水仿佛是一片完全被法术镇住的海洋。你可以离开它，听其自然，几个钟头之后再回来，会发现它依然纹丝未动，还是那一泓坚贞可靠的静水。浅水处，一丛丛被水浸透的黑色的枝梢，光滑而陈旧，在湖底起伏，下面衬着有一条条波纹的洁净的湖沙，贻贝爬过的痕迹清晰可见。一群鲦鱼游过，每一条都投下一条纤细的影子，鱼仿佛多了一倍，在阳光照耀下，清晰鲜明。其他一些宿营者正沿着岸边游着，其中一人拿着一块肥皂，湖水显得浅而清，仿佛一片虚空。多少年来，总有这么个拿着肥皂的人，这么个有洁癖的人，而现在他也在这里。岁月从未流逝。
Part 2 Tool-sharpening
Words and Phrases
Exercises
1. Multiple-choice Questions
1) ______C______ that their interests were threatened, they maintained large standing armies.
A. Believed B. Confident C. Convinced D. Trusted
2) He has erected a multitude of new offices, and sent here ____A____ of officers to harass our
people, and eat out their substance. A. swarms B. schools C. flocks D. herds
3) Although more recent digital systems have attempted to address these fundamental issues,
security problems continue to ____D____. A. persevere B. insist C. stick D. persist
4) The world has become ____B____ unified place in economic, political and military terms and
subsequently in cultural forms. A. a unique B. a single C. an only D. a sole
5) People complained that _____A____ rains have paralyzed life in the capital city.
A. incessant B. continuous C. continual D. endless
6) There are four hours of lessons each morning, and in the afternoon students are left to their
own _____D_____. A. shifts B. methods C. control D. devices.
7) At the national conventions no woman has ____C____ been asked to serve on the platform
committee. A. once B. before C. ever D. formerly
8) Still, she is so afraid of nighttime raids by both the special police and criminals _____C_____
like police officers that she sleeps in her clothes. A. put on B. worn C. dressed D. were clothed
9) The human weaknesses he illustrates are mostly to do the scheming, deceit and hypocrisy
which mask them. ______B_____ of the characters are wholly evil, though. A. Nobody B. None C. No one D. Not one
10) Ghosts are often associated with a chilling _____D_____, but a natural animal response to
fear is hair raising, which can be mistaken for chill.
A. perception B. emotion C. sense D. sensation 2. Translation (with the words or phrases in parentheses) 1) 那人确信自己能够治好他们的铜钱癣，但他们不相信。(convince, believe)
The man was convinced / sure that he could cure them of their ringworm / of his ability to cure them of their ringworm, but they did not believe him. 2) 从连续不断的林带传来没完没了的鸦噪。(continuous, incessant) From the continuous tree belt came the incessant cawing of crows. 3) 他坚持要我们坚持这项无法完成的工作。(persist, insist)
He insisted that we persist in the task that was impossible to accomplish. 4) 当时谁也不知道，他根本没有自己所吹嘘的才干。(no one, none)
Nobody / No one knew at the time that he had none of the talent that he boasted of. 5) 我们航行到岛上去的时候，看到一大群海豚和一小群海鸥。(school, flock)
We caught sight of / saw a large school of dolphins and a small flock of seagulls on our voyage to the island. 6) 他正在穿衣服的时候，手机响了起来，于是穿好大衣，走了出去。(put on, dress)
He was dressing (himself) when his cell (cellular / mobile) phone rang. Then he put on his overcoat and went out. 7) 如果你有朝一日再到湖边去，那湖看上去不会像你曾经见到的那样遥远而原始。
(once, ever)
If you ever go to the lake itself again, it will certainly not look as remote and primeval as it once did when you saw it. 8) 园艺师左右树木的生长，而不会听其自然。(leave to sb‘s own devices)
Gardeners control the growth of trees instead of leaving / rather than leave them to their own devices. 9) 他一出门，一种寒冷的感觉便使得他踌躇不前, 也使他的情绪平静下来。(sensation;
emotion)
Once / As soon as he was outside / went into the outdoors, a sensation of coldness made him hesitate, and calmed down his emotions too. 10) 他唯一的志向是成为一位风格独特的作家，任何单一的作品都能使他不朽。 (unique,
single, sole)
His sole / only ambition was to become a writer with a unique style, any single work of whom would make him immortal.
Grammar
Exercises
1. Blank-filling
Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary:
One afternoon while we were there at that lake 1) a thunder-storm came up. It was like 2) the revival of 3) an old melodrama that I had seen long ago with 4) ⅹ childish awe. 5) The second-act climax of 6) the drama of 7) an electrical disturbance over 8) a lake in America had not changed in any important respect. This was 9) the big scene, still 10) the big scene. 11) The whole thing was so familiar, 12) the first feeling of 13) ⅹ oppression and heat and 14) a general air of not wanting to go very far away. In mid-afternoon (it was all the same) 15) a curious darkening of 16) the sky, and 17) a lull in everything that had made 18) ⅹ life tick; and then 19) the way 20) the boats suddenly swung the other way at their moorings with the coming of a breeze out of the new quarter, and the premonitory rumble. 2. Proofreading
Peace and goodness and jollity. The only thing that was wrong now, really, was the sound of the place, an unfamiliar nervous sound of the outboard motors. This was the note ∧jarred, the one thing that would sometimes break the 1) that illusion and set the years move. In those other summer times 2) moving all motors were inboard; and they were at a little distance, 3) √ the noise they made was a sedative . . . they all made ∧sleepy 4) a sound across the lake. The one-lungers throbbed, ∧fluttered, 5) and and ∧twin-cylinder ones purred and purred, and that was a quiet 6) the sound too. But now the campers all had outboards. In ∧daytime, 7) the in the hot mornings, these motors made a petulant, irritable 8) √ sound; at night, in the still evening∧the afterglow lit the water, 9) when they whined about one‘s ears as mosquitoes. My boy loved 10) like our rented outboard, and his great desire was to achieve single-handed mastery over it, and authority.
Rhetoric
Exercises
1. Figures of Speech
1) In the following sentence, ―chucking‖ and ―the chin‖ realize a personification (an ordinary
metaphor; a personification; a simile; an ordinary comparison).
The small waves were the same, chucking the rowboat under the chin as we fished at anchor.
2) In the following sentence, there is a simile (an ordinary metaphor; a personification; a simile; an ordinary comparison).
One afternoon while we were there at that lake a thunder-storm came up. It was like the revival of an old melodrama that I had seen long ago with childish awe.
3) The following sentence contains an ordinary comparison (an ordinary metaphor; a
personification; a simile; an ordinary comparison).
. . . and from then on none of us ever thought there was any place in the world like that lake in Maine.
4) In the metaphor in the following sentence, ―this‖ and ―the life along the shore‖ are the tenors (vehicles; tenors) and ―the background‖ and ―the design‖, the vehicles (vehicles; tenors). . . . this was the background, and the life along the shore was the design.
5) In the following sentence, ―deathless‖ compares a joke to an animal or a human being (a god; an animal or a human being).
The campers ran out in joy and relief to go swimming in the rain, their bright cries perpetuating the deathless joke about how they were getting simply drenched.
6) In the following sentence, ―pawed over‖, which compares the youngsters from the boys‘ camp
to clumsy animals, means ―handled roughly‖. (fondled gently; handled roughly)