Review of Units 5-6
词句精讲精练
词汇精讲
1. also, too&either
also; too与either都有“也”的意思,但用法不同:
(1)also用于肯定句,位置通常位于句中,比too更为正式。例如: I also go to work by bike. 我也骑自行车上班。
(2)too用于肯定句且置于句末,其前用逗号隔开;在简略答语中too常置于代词的宾格形式之后。
例如:
— Tom likes music and Mary does, too. 汤姆喜欢音乐,玛丽也喜欢。 — Me, too. 我也是。
Jack is a worker, too. Jack也是工人。
(3)either用于否定句且置于句末,其前用逗号隔开。例如:
He can’t swim. I can’t swim, either. 他不会游泳,我也不会。
2. though&although
(1)用作连词,表示“虽然”,二者可以互换使用,但although比though更为正式。例如: Though/Although it was raining, we still went there. 虽然下着雨,但我们还是去了那里。 (2)although一般不用作副词,而though可用作副词,且一般放在句末(不放在句首),意为“可
是,不过”。例如:
It’s hard work; I enjoy it, though. 工作很辛苦,可是我很喜欢。
We all tried our best. We lost the game, though. 我们都尽力最大努力,但我们还是
输了。
(3)在as though(好像,仿佛),even though(即使,纵然)等固定短语中不能用although。例如:
He talks as though he knew everything. 他夸夸其谈,好像无所不知。 3. proud
proud 是形容词,常用结构:be proud of sth. 意为“以……而骄傲”。例如:
I am very proud of being a Chinese. 作为一名中国人我很自豪 be proud to do sth 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。
We are proud to be a league member. 我们为成为团员而骄傲。 【拓展】
pride是名词,意为“骄傲,自豪”。 常用的结构: take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。 例如:
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. 他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪。
He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。 4. fill
fill表示“装满,填满”,可用作及物和不及物动词,通常与介词 with 连用。
Everything is filled with new life. 万物充满了生气。 He filled the glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。 【拓展】
full 是fill的形容词,意为“充满的”。 例如:
Please tell me the full story. 请将全部情况告诉我。
The train was traveling at full speed. 火车正全速前进。 be full of 意为“充满……的”。例如:
The room is full of young people. 房间里全是年轻人。 5. instead of instead of是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如:
He went to the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。 【拓展】
(1)instead作副词,意为“代替,而不是”,常用作状语。例如: He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。
She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习,而是整天打网球。 (2)instead和instead of的辨析:
instead是副词,后面不接其他的词,一般情况下可不译出,通常放在句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号隔开,表示前面的事没做,而做了后面的事;在instead of中,of后面的事情是被“舍”的,即不去做的。例如:
He didn’t go to school. Instead, he went to the cinema. 他没有去学校,相反他去了电影院。
Parents should give their children more advice instead of money. 父母应当给孩子更多的忠告,而不是金钱。 6. in order to (1)in order to…意为“为了……,以便……”,在句中作目的状语,to是不定式符号。例如:
In order to catch the bus,he went to school without breakfast. 为了赶车,他没有吃早餐就去学校了。
He bought a dictionary in order to look up the new words. 他买了一本词典以便查找新单词。
(2)in order to…的否定结构为in order not to…表示“以免……” 。例如: We must work hard in order not to fail in the exam. 我们要努力学习,以免考试不及格。 7. try one’s best
try one’s best意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”,相当于do one’s best。例如: We should try / do our best to work. 我们应该尽最大努力去工作。 【拓展】常见的由try构成的其它词组:
try (not) to do sth. 努力(不)做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try out实验 try on试穿(鞋、衣服等) 例如:
I try to answer the question. 我尽力回答这个问题。 He tried swimming across the river. 他试着游过河去。 She is trying on a new dress. 她正在试穿一件新连衣裙。 8. think about think about是“动词 + 介词”的动词短语,意为“考虑,思考”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
例如:He is thinking about what I said. 他正在考虑我所说的话。
【拓展】
think about; think of; think over和think out的辨析:
(1)think about指从各方面去思考。其常用搭配为think about + sth (doing sth.)例如:
She is thinking about changing her job.她正在考虑换个工作。
(2)think of意为“想起,记起,考虑,认为”,是动介结构。例如:
I can’t think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。
(3)think over着重“仔细考虑,反复考虑”,是动副结构。其常用搭配为:例如:
It’s a difficult problem. I must think it over.这是一道难题,我得仔细思考思考。 (4)think out意为“想出”,是动副结构,代词需放中间。例如:
At last he thought out the maths problem.最后,他想出了那道数学题。
词汇精练
I. 英汉互译。
1. 为了_________ 2. be proud of_________ 3. think about_________ 4. be full of ________ 5. try one’s best ________ 6. 代替_________
7. deal with_________ 8. 因为_________ 9. 担心……________ 10. look out ________
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. We were all p_______ of Liu Xiang when he won the golden medal for China.
2. Tina has no friends here, so she feels very ________(孤独的).
3. At the meeting, Mr. Wang made a long _______ (演讲) yesterday afternoon. 4. Don’t be _______ (紧张). It’s an easy question. 5. T________ we were weak, we beat them. 6. Lily i_______ us to her birthday party.
7. The baby is very clever. She’s able to show what she wants with g_______. 8. Children are interested in ________(充满生气的) songs
9. We are looking for the gate of the park ________ (到处) now.
10. Mike is now very brave. He r________ any help from his friends when he is in trouble. Ⅲ. 从下面方框中选择所给的单词或词组,根据句意用正确的形式完成句子。
1. A tour bus accident happened last night. Some ________ (passenger) were badly hurt. 2. They made a ________ (decide) to have a meeting about field trip.
3. Shanghai is in the ________ (east) parts in China. It’s a beautiful city.
4. He thinks they are all ________(strange) because he never saw them in his hometown. 5. —It’s too noisy. I can’t fall _______ (sleep). Can you turn down the TV? —Sorry.
6. She likes working in the field instead of ________(stay) at home.
7. My dream is to be one of the greatest ________(write) in the world.
8. Tom is not ________ (interest) in maths. He thinks computer games are very ________ (interest).
9. He drives as ________ (careful) as Tom.
10. The little girl is afraid of _______ (speak) in front of people.
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. in order to 2.为……而自豪 3. 考虑 4. 充满 5. 尽力做某事
6. instead of 7. 处理,处置 8. because of 9. be worried about 10. 当心 II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. proud 2. lonely 3. speech 4. nervous 5. Though
6. invited 7. gesture 8. lively 9. everywhere 10. receives III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. passengers 2. decision 3. eastern 4. strangers 5. asleep
6. staying 7. writers 8. interested, interesting 9. carefully 10. speaking 句式精讲
1. The sound of music is one of the most popular American movies.
one of…意为“……中的一个”或“……之一”,后接复数名词,当名词前有形容词修饰时,形容词应用其最高级形式。one of…作主语时,应看成单数。例如: One of the girls is my sister. 这群女孩当中有一个是我的妹妹。 Mike is one of the tallest students in our class. 迈克是我们班最高的学生之一。
Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
2. The father was lonely and often became angry because of the noisy children. because of意为“因为”,后面接名词、代词或者动名词短语等形式。例如: We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain. 我们上个星期天没能召开运动会是因为下雨了。 【拓展】
because和because of的辨析:
because 是连词,其后接句子;because of 是复合介词,其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等。例如:
I didn’t buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买是因为它太贵了。 He lost his job because of his age. 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。
He knew she was crying because of what he had said. 他知道她哭是因为他说的话。 3. It’s too far to cycle.
too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的,但意义上却表示否定含义,所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not,只接动词原形即可,too后接形容词或副词原形。 例如:
The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。 【拓展】
(1)在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词,其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如: The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。
(2)在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时,动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如:
The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了,无法回答。
(3)在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时,可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语,即for sb.形式。例如:
The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了,他搬不动。
(4)含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型,意为“如此……以至于……”。例如: He is too old to do hard work.
= He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。
(5)含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如: He is too old to do hard work.
= He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了,不能做重活。 4. Why don’t we go out for the day?
Why don’t we/you do sth.? 是一个否定疑问句,意为“为什么不……?”常用来征求意见和提出建议。例如:
Why don’t you go there together? 为什么你不一起去那呢? Why don’t we go swimming? 为什么我们不去游泳呢?
【拓展】
“Why not + 动词原形 + 其他?”相当于“Why don’t you + 动词原形 + 其他?”并不表示疑问,而是表示建议、询问。例如:
— Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢? — That sounds like a good idea. 这是个好主意。
5. If people obey the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents.
本句是一个含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。从句用的是一般现在时,主句是一般将来时,即“主将从现”。主句是一般将来时或含有情态动词的句子,或主句是祈使句时, if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时。例如:
If I am free tomorrow, I will go to see my uncle. 如果明天我有空,我要去看我叔叔。 If it is fine this Sunday, I will go fishing. 如果这周日天气好,我将去钓鱼。
【注意】
When; as; as soon as等引导的时间状语从句,若主句为一般将来时,从句需用一般现在时表
示将来。例如:
I will write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就给你写信。
句式精练
I. 根据汉语提示,完成英语句子(每空一词)。
1. 王老师很友善, 他在学校与同事相处地很融洽。
Mr.Wang is friendly, and he _______ ________ _________ _________ his workmates in school. 2. 她的双腿在一次事故中严重受伤,她再也不能跳舞了。
Her legs _________ __________ badly in an accident, so she _________ dance ________ _________.
3. 我的父母期望收到我的电子邮件。
My parents are __________ _________ _________ receiving my e-mail. 4. Tina 半夜被噪音吵醒了。
Tina woke up at midnight _________ _________ a loud noise. 5. 你为什么不考虑去青岛参观?
_______ _______ _______ consider visiting Qing Dao? 6.对她来说太黑了,看不见任何东西。
It was too dark for her ________ ________ ________. 7.她是我们班最小的学生之一。
She is ________ ________ the youngest ________in my class. 8. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去看我们的爷爷奶奶。