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GMAT曼哈顿语法总结（自己手打总结）
为了给逻辑和阅读题目留出更多的时间，每道语法题目最好在1分半到1分钟之内完成。需要运用split法进行排除。句首和句尾是split的关键，否则就没必要划线了。
第二章 语法和语义
GMAT句子改错最重要的是语义和语法。语义是句子作者的intended meaning.这种original intended meaning才是句子的真实句义。任何改变句义的选项都是错误的，语义是最最最重要的，通过语法来判断句义是辅助的，所以不能拘泥于语法，而是通过句义来判断作者的原意。所以，可以通过逻辑来找句义，而通过语法来排除那些特别错误的选项。
One of your tasks is to choose the answer choice that transmits the author’s intent as clearly as possible. Don’t alter the author’s intent when you make your choice! (如果句子原文的句义没有错的话，则不能改变句义) Aggravate aggravating Known as known to be Loss of loss in Mandate have a mandate Native of native to Range of ranging Rate of rates for Rise raise 2
Try to do try doing 区别以上词汇的含义区别
句子里任何一个小词的改变，比如虚拟词汇的改变，或者词的位置的改变都会改变句子的含义，所以一定要细细体会这些?小词?的含义。
Will: certain May: uncertain
Must: absolutely necessary
Should: morally obligated (on the GMAT, should almost always means ?morally obligation?, not likelihood)
Would: hypothetical
Pay attention to the original sentence’s helping verbs—and only change them if the original sentence is obviously nonsensical. 句子中任何一个词的位置的变化也会改变句子的含义： All the children are covered in mud. The children are all covered in mud.
Only the council votes on Thursdays. The council votes only on Thursdays.
If a word changes its position in the answer choices, consider whether the change has an impact on the meaning of the sentence. Look out especially for short words that quantify nouns or otherwise restrict meaning
The council granted the right to make legal petitions to city
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officials.(有歧义，改成：
The council granted CITY OFFICIALS the right to make legal petitions. Or The right to make legal petitions to CITY OFFICIALS was granted by the council.
句子含义一定要合乎逻辑（we must remember that the subject and the verb must make sense together） 句子含义：避免多余（no right answer on the GMAT will contain redundant words） 比较常见的多余的形式是使用同一含义的词，比如： The value of the stock rose by 10% increase.
应改为：The value of the stock increase by 10%,or the value of the stock rose by 10%.
再如：The three prices sum to a total of $11.56
应改为：The three prices sum to $11.56. Or The three prices total $11.56
表示时间的词汇：要注意一句话中只能出现一次表示同一含义的词，如果还要出现，则必须要有道理才行。(Pure redundancy is always wrong on the GMAT) Past: previously, formerly, in the past, before now Present: now, currently, presently, at present Yearly: annual each year, a year
简洁原则：Concision is preference on SC problems. However, some people are better off never applying it on the GMAT)
4 自己总结：从逻辑找句义，从语法判断句子是否正确书写，简洁原则是最后关注的），一切都服从句义。
Problem set
1. How matter how much work it may require, getting MBA turns out to be a wise investment for most people (correct, 但是不太明白那个it代表什么)
2. Even though it requires much work, getting MBA turns out to be a wise investment for most people(incorrect, 因为它改变了句子的原意)
3. She is the most dedicated gardener on the block, every day watering the more than 50 plants in her yard.(correct, more than修饰50 plants in her yard)
4. She is the most dedicated gardener on the block, every day watering more than the 50 plants in her yard.（incorrect, more than 修饰the 50 plants in her yard，隐含的意思是除了给50浇水之外，还给其他东西浇水，改变了句子的含义）
5. Hector remembers San Francisco as it was when he left ten years ago.(correct,不太明白这句话的含义)
6.Students at Carver High School are encouraged to pursue only those extracurricular activities from which stems success in college applications.(correct,个人认为是倒装，详细见第三章的flip it)
7.Students at Carver High School are encouraged to pursue only those extracurricular activities from which success in college applications
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stems.(correct, flip it)
第三章 主语和谓语的一致
任何一个句子里，主语和谓语必须在逻辑上和语义上都是make sense的 一、 一个句子中主语和谓语必须都有，否则为fragment: GMAT错误句子常见方式：
1. drop the verbs: The electron named in 1894. 2. 连词开头且没有主句：because the dog was never mine 二、 主语和谓语必须合理make sense
The development of a hydrogen car based on expected performance parameters will be able to travel hundreds of miles without refueling.(incorrect)
Once developed, a hydrogen car based on expected performance parameters will be able to travelhundreds of miles without refueling.(correct)
三、 主语和谓语必须在数量上一致
GMAT often tries to confuse you before you make the subject-verb match. 如何找句子中的主语呢：
1. eliminate the middlemen, and skip the warmup
GMAT hides the subject in a few ways: the most common way by far is to insert words between the subject and the verb:
介词短语：(Near Galway), the houses (on the road to Spiddle) are gorgeous.