长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 英语 年级 初二 下 班级 时间 年 月 日 课题 Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf?3 already常用于肯定句中或句末；yet常用于一般疑问句或否定句末。但表惊讶时already也可用于疑问句。如： 1.Tom has already finished his homework. 2. Tom hasn’t finished his homework yet 3.What!Have you already finished it? 现在完成时表示过去开始，但持续到现在的动作，或过去发生的动作，对现在留下后果或影响。常和for+一段时间，already, ever, never, just, yet, in the past few years/ over the last thirty years, so far, up to now, since 1980等状语连用。 I have been back from England for over two weeks.或It has been over two weeks since he came back from England. 我们不能说：I have come back from England for over two weeks. He has been in the army since 1998. 我们不能说：He has joined the army since 1998. 现在完成时是较难掌握、中考考查较多的时态。涉及的考点有： 一、考查其构成 \助动词have (has) +动词过去分词\构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析：\助/系/情态动词+主语\结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。 教学后记
长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 课题 英语 年级 初二下 班级 时间 年 月 日 Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf?4 重点语法 如何给别人提出建议和意见的常用句型 询问对方意见： What shall we do tonight? 询问对方意见的说法还有： What should I…?( should表示请求、征询对方意见) What should I get my dad for his birthday? 我该送给爸爸什么作为他的生日礼物呢？ What should I get my sister for her birthday? 提出建议： How about (doing something?) going to a movie? What shall we do this afternoon? How about going for a walk? 提出建议的句型还有： 1）what about…? （about是个介词，可跟名词或动名词）2）How about…? Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf? How about a watch? 一块手表怎么样？ How/what about the photo album? 一个像册怎么样？ How/what about going to the theatre? How about getting her a scarf? 买条围巾送给她怎么样？ 教学操作过程设计（重点写怎么教及学法指导，含课练，作业安排） 考查其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -______you______ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。 (二)当句中有\段时间\或\点时间\等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。常见的转换情况参见本期第8面的相关内容。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 教学目标 （知识能力品德） 教（重材点分难析点）板书 设计 示意 框图 时序
长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 英语 年级 初二 下 班级 时间 年 月 日 课题 Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf?4 2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表\段时间\的短语连用，故选D。 3. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，\意为\收到某人的来信\，故选B。 三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为\去某地了\，C项意为\一直呆在某地\，D项意为\去过某地\，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有\段时间\结构，据此可排除C，B项意为\去过某地\，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。 四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与\段时间\连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型\段时间+since+从句\进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。 教学后记
长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 课题 英语 年级 初二下 班级 时间 年 月 日 Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf?5 Why don’t you do something? Why not do something? You should/could do something. You should (not) do something. You’d better (not) do something. What about doing sth.? Why don’t you buy a sweater? Why not get a digital camera? You should/could take sme exercise every day. You shouldn’t eat too much. It’s very hot today. You’d better stay at home. You’d better not quarrel with others. What about going out for a picnic? Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf? 在提出建议做什么事情之后，就会有人发表看法进行比较。如： How about Star Wars? That’s a great movie! I heard the Star Wars is pretty good. 发表看法时可以用That’s这个句型。 That’s too expensive. 教学操作过程设计（重点写怎么教及学法指导，含课练，作业安排） 现在完成时表示过去开始，但持续到现在的动作，或过去发生的动作，对现在留下后果或影响。常和for+一段时间，already, ever, never, just, yet, in the past few years/ over the last thirty years, so far, up to now, since 1980等状语连用。 Most college students have learned English for more than six years. Great changes have taken place in China in the past few years. I have never been abroad up to now.*表示短暂行为的动词不能和延续性时间状语连用。 I have been back from England for over two weeks. 或It has been over two weeks since he came back from England. We couldn't say: I have come back from England for over two weeks. He has been in the army since 1998. We couldn't say: He has joined the army since 1998. 比较过去时与现在完成时1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always 教学目标 （知识能力品德） 教（重材点分难析点）板书 设计 示意 框图 时序
长沙市中（小）学教师统一备课用纸
科目 英语 年级 初二 下 班级 时间 年 月 日 课题 Unit 8. Why don’t you get her a scarf?5 3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 举例： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了。） Who hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。） She has returned from Paris. 她已从巴黎回来了。 She returned yesterday. 她是昨天回来了。 He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续) He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续) He joined the League three years ago. ( 三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。) I have finished my homework now. ---Will somebody go and get Dr. White? ---He's already been sent for. 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 教学后记