方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct
疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb
代词 pronoun
人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite pronoun
名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun
冠词 article
定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article
数词 numeral
基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral
形式 form
单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form
非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form
从句 clause
从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause
同位语从句 appositive clause
时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place 方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner
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让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result 目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition
真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition 非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition
句子 sentence
简单句 simple sentence 并列句 compound sentence 复合句 complex sentence
并列复合句 compound complex sentence 陈述句 declarative sentence 疑问句 interrogative sentence
一般疑问句 general question 特殊疑问句 special question 选择疑问句 alternative question 附加疑问句 tag question
反义疑问句 disjunctive question 修辞疑问句 rhetorical question 感叹疑问句 exclamatory question
存在句 existential sentence 肯定句 positive sentence 否定句 negative sentence 祈使句 imperative sentence 省略句 elliptical sentence 感叹句 exclamatory sentence 基本句型 basic sentence pattern
句子成分 members of sentences 主语 subject 谓语 predicate 宾语 object
双宾语 dual object 直接宾语 direct object 间接宾语 indirect object 复合宾语 complex object 同源宾语 cognate object 补语 complement
主补 subject complement 宾补 object complement 表语 predicative 定语 attribute 同位语 appositive
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状语 adverbial
句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate 从属 subordination 修饰 modification
前置修饰 pre-modification 后置修饰 post-modification 限制 restriction
双重限制 double-restriction 非限制 non-restriction
数 number
单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 规则形式 regular form 不规则形式 irregular form
格 case
普通格 common case 所有格 possessive case 主格 nominative case 宾格 objective case
性 gender
阳性 masculine 阴性 feminine 通性 common 中性 neuter
人称 person
第一人称 first person 第二人称 second person 第三人称 third person
时态 tense
过去将来时 past future tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 一般现在时 present simple tense 一般过去时 past simple tense 一般将来时 future simple tense 现在完成时 past perfect tense 过去完成时 present perfect tense 将来完成时 future perfect tense
现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时 future continuous tense
过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense
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过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense 语态 voice
主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice
语气 mood
陈述语气 indicative mood 祈使语气 imperative mood 虚拟语气 subjunctive mood
否定 negation
否定范围 scope of negation 全部否定 full negation 局部否定 partial negation 转移否定 shift of negation
语序 order
自然语序 natural order 倒装语序 inversion 全部倒装 full inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion
直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech
自由直接引语 free direct speech 自由间接引语 free indirect speech
一致 agreement
主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement 概念一致 notional agreement 就近原则 principle of proximity
强调 emphasis 重复 repetition 语音 pronunciation 语调 tone
升调 rising tone 降调 falling tone
降升调 falling-rising tone
文体 style
正式文体 formal 非正式文体 informal 口语 spoken/oral English
感情色彩 emotional coloring 褒义 commendatory 贬义 derogatory 幽默 humorous
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讽刺 sarcastic 挖苦 ironic
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