等时看作复数，附加问句用they指代。
(4) 陈述部分主语是不定代词 one时，附加问句用one指代。 1. You and I could hardly understand, ______?1995
A. could I B. couldn’t you C. couldn’t we D. could we 2) 情态动词：
(1) 反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有have to时，附加疑问句通常用助动词do。
(2) 反意疑问句的陈述部分谓语有need时，need做情态动词，附加疑问句仍用need，need做实义动词时，附加问句用助动词do。
(3) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为had better时，附加问用助动词had。
(4) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为would rather时，附加问句用情态动词would (5) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为used to时，附加问句用助动词did。 1. There used to be a petrol station near the park, __?2006
A. didn’t it B. doesn’t there C. usedn’t it? D. didn’t there
(6) 反意疑问句的陈述部分为ought to时，附加问句用助动词should.
(7) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语 I wish to have a word with you, may I? (8) must在表示\推测\时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句： A. must do—mustn't B. must be—随人称用系动词一般现在时 C. must have done—didn't/haven't
(9) 反意疑问句的陈述部分是wish时，附加问句用情态动词may。 3) 祈使句的反义疑问句：
(1) do..., don't...?; don't..., do...,?
1. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?2008/1998 A. do you B. don't you C. will you D. won't you 2. Do help yourself to some fruit, ______you?2000
A. can’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. won’t
3. When you have finished with that video tape, don't forget to put it in my drawer, ________？1997 A. do you B. will you C. don' t you D. won' t you (2) Let's 和let us后面的附加问句，分两种情况； A. let's包括对方在内，用shall we 或shan't we。 B. let us不包括对方在内，用will you 或won't you。
4) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
1. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?2010
A. doesn't she B. does she C. would she D. wouldn't she 5) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式 6) 复合句的反疑疑问句
(1) 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定 1. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ______?2003 A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she
(2) 上述部分主句谓语是I /we think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine 等引导的宾语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句：前肯定句，后用否定句；前有否定句，后面附加问句用肯定(I don't think)。 7) There+be句型的反意疑问句，附加问句用be there/be not there，由主语人称时态和数决定。
专四语法考点串讲之十：形容词比较级和比较结构
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考点1：原级比较一般结构 as … as ; not as … as ; the same … as ; 1. There are as good fish in the sea _____ ever came out of it.2007 A. than B. like C. as D. so 考点2：A is to B what / as X is Y ;
1. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.2008 A. when B. that C. which D. what
2. Intellect is to the mind ____ sight is to the body. (2001) A. what B. as C. that D. Like 3. Twelve is to three four is to one.1998 A. what B. As C. That D. like 考点3：倍数或几分之几
“A + be + X times + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B”。 “A + be + X times + 计量形容词比较级 + than + B ”?? “A + be + X times + the + 计量名词 + of + B
“The + 计量名词 + of + A + be + X times + that + of + B ” 1. A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one. 2009 A. the price of three times B. three times the price
C. as much as the three times price D. three times more than the price
2. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ____ the size of St. Peter's in Rome.2008 A. / B. that of C. which is D. of
3. Some dieters find that after their dieting is over, they eat twice _______ they did before their diet. 1993 A.more than B.as many as C.much than D.as much as
4. A person's blood flows through a pipeline of vessels that, end to end, would stretch more than______ half times around the Earth at the equator.1991
A. twice B. two and a C. two and D. twice and 考点4：
(1) more than “不仅是， 非常， 十分”等，用法和意义较多。 1. It was ____ we had hoped.2006
A. more a success than B. a success more than C. as much of a success as D. a success as much as (2) more …than “与其说……不如说，不是……而是” 1. Do you know Tim’s brother? He is ____than Tim2005.
A. much more sportsman B. more of a sportsman C. more of sportsman D. more a sportsman (3) no more than 仅仅；两者都不
1. Fat cannot change into muscle ______muscle changes into fat.1999
A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than (4) not more than 不超过；前者不如后者
1. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably _____a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.2007
A. no more B. not more C. even more D. much more (5) no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有…之多，多达”强调多 (6) not less than 意为“不少于，至少”，客观地描述
1. John is______ hardworking than his sister, but he failed in the exam.1998 A. no less B. no more C. not less D. no so
(7) no less … than 前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情色彩：“是…是，正是，和…一样，多达，应有…之多” (8) hardly more than“仅仅”。
考点5：在more … than 结构中，than 有时可看作关系代词，相当于than what…
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1. The research requires more money than _______. 2007
A. have been put in B. has been put in C. being put in D. to be put in
2. There ought to be less anxiety over the perceived risk of mountain climbing than ________ in the public mind today.1999
A. Exists B. Exist C. Existing D. to exist
3. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____Eastern Nebraska.1996 A. in B. it receives in C. does D. it does in 考点6：so much as用在否定句中：与其说，不如说
1. It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.2007 A. that B. as C. so D. very
2. That trumpet player was certainly loud. But I wasn’t bothered by his loudness ____ by his lack of talent.2004 A. so much as B. rather than C. as D. than
3. It is not so much the language ______the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.1999 A. but B. nor C. as D. like
考点7：no other than 只有，正是。它常用来加强语气，多用于书面语。 考点8：no better than 和……一样，实际上等于(practically the same as) 考点9：better …than 与其说……倒不如说。 考点10：more likely … than 比较结构
考点11：other than意思是：不同于，除……之外；rather than意思是：而不是。 考点12：其它
1. ______ the two, Bob is _____ student.1995
A. Of, more diligent B. In, more diligent C. Of, the more diligent D. In, the more diligent 2. Mary is _____ than Alice.1992
A. more experienced a teacher B. a more experienced teacher C. more an experienced teacher D. more experienced teacher 3. The salary of a skilled worker is much higher ______1991
A. than that of a teacher B. than a teacher C. in comparison with a teacher D. when compared to a teacher
专四语法考点串讲之十一：小语法 一、时态
1. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.2008 A. would make B. had made C. made D. makes
2. Linda was _____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.2007 A. to start B. to have started C. to be starting D. to have been starting
3. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____in the road construction project.2007 A. arise B. will arise C. arose D. have arisen
4. The student said there were a few points in the essay he _____impossible to comprehend.2007/2006 A. had found B. finds C. has found D. would find
5. James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he _________ until yesterday.2005 A. will come B. was coming C. had been coming D. came 6. ____ conscious of my moral obligations as a citizen.2005
A. I was and always will be B. I have to be and always will be C. I had been and always will be D. I have been and always will be
7. Jack ______from home for two days now, and I am beginning to worry about his safety. 2003 A. has been missing B. has been missed C. had been missing D. was missed
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8. For some time now, world leaders _____out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.2002 A. had been pointing B. have been pointing C. were pointing D. pointed 9. How can I ever concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?1997
A. have…interrupted B. had…interrupted C. are…interrupting D. were…interrupting
10. Mr. White works with a chemicals import and export company, but he _____for this industrial fair, since he is on leave. 1997
A. has worked B. works C. has been working D. is working
11. –“I bought this shirt for 35 Yuan yesterday.” --“It’s on sale today for only 29. You should have waited.”--“Oh really? But how ____ I know?” (1993)
A. would B. can C. did D. Do
12. When .I-arrived at the meeting, the first speaker_____and the audience_____.1992 A. had finished speaking, were clapping B. had finished speaking, had clapped C. finished speaking, clapped D. finished speaking, were clapping
二、代词
考点1：every, each的用法比较
Each：两者或两者以上/ Every：三者或三者以上 考点:2：another, other, the other, others, the others another用于泛指三者以上中的“另一个” other作前臵定语,修饰单数或复数名词 the other两者中的“另一个”,是特指
others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”= other + 名复 the others指整体中除去一部分后,剩余的全部 考点3：it, one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those It：表同类同物表单数
one ：表同类但不同物,表单数，可用形容词修饰，泛指 ones：表同类但不同物,表复数，可用形容词修饰，泛指 the one ：表同类但不同物,表特指，表单数 that：表同类但不同物, 指代单数或不可数
the ones / those：表同类不同物，表特指，表复数 考点4：as的用法：
(1) As much as 达到（和）。。。（一样）的程度
1. Language belongs to each member of the society, to the cleaner_____ to the professor.1998 A. as far as B. the same as C. as much as D. as long as (2) So as to 为的是以便 (3) Such as to 以致
(4) as well (as) 也，以及，还；和；不仅(连接并列成分或从句) 考点5：人称代词
1. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.2010 A. you B. they C. he D. We
2. The following are all correct responses to \ .2008 A. Jim did this. B. Jim did so. C. Jim did that. D. Jim did.
3. Children who stay away from school do ________ for different reasons.2005 A. them B. / C. it D. Theirs 4. Your ideas, _______, seem unusual to me.2003
A. like her B. like hers C. similar to her D. similar to herself
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5. It was as a physician that he represented himself, and_____ he was warmly received.1997 A. as such B. such as C. as that D. so that 6. Bill. felt cold______.1991
A. much of the night B. most of the night C. much through the night D. the most of the night
三、副词和形容词 1、副词
1. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete \ A. before B. recently C. lately D. yet 2. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.2010
A. too strong B. enough strong C. so strong D. strong enough
3. Which of the following adverbs can NOT be used to complete \ A. Nearly B. Quite C. Practically D. Almost
4. What does \
A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money. B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.
C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything. D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money. 5. Susan is very hard-working, but her pay is not__ for her work.2006
A. enough good B. good enough C. as good enough D. good as enough 6. She managed to save _______she could out of her wages to help her brother.2002
A. how little money B. so little money C. such little money D. what little money
7. The patient’s progress was very encouraging as he could ___ get out of bed without help.2001? A. nearly B. hardly C. merely D. barely 8. I felt that I was not yet _______to travel abroad.1997
A. too strong B. strong enough C. so strong D. enough strong 2、形容词?
1. My daughter has walked eight miles today. We never guessed that she could walk ___ far.2006 A. / B. such C. that D. as?
2. Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are conventional concerns in planning marketing strategies. 2004?
A. these of the most B. most of those?C. among the most D. among the many of? Each的用法
1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? 2010
A. They each have two tickets. B. They cost twenty yuan each.
C. Each they have bought the same book. D. They were given two magazines each. Many的用法
1. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?2010
A. All his lectures are very interesting. B. Half their savings were gone. C. Many his friends came to the party. D. Both his sisters are nurses. 2. Which of the following is INCORRECT?2008
A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing. B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party. 限定词的搭配
1. The manager is not likely to agree to propositions.2004 A. Other these B. Other all C. All other D. Other any
四、冠词
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