@@@ 本 科 毕 业 论 文(设 计)
基于CA6150普通车床的数控化改造
CA6150 Ordinary Lathe Based On The Numerical Control
Transformation
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学 生 姓 名: 学 院:
专 业:机械设计制造及其自动化 班 级: 学 号: 指 导 教 师:
审 阅 教 师: 完 成 日 期:
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作者郑重声明:本毕业论文(设计)是我个人在指导教师指导下进行的研究工作及取得研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,毕业论文(设计)中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写的研究成果,也不包含为获得辽东学院或其他单位的学位或证书所使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的贡献均已在论文中做了明确的说明并表示了谢意。
作者签名:___________ 日期:__ __
基于CA6150普通车床得数控化改造
摘 要
目前,我国拥有300多万台机床,是生产和使用机床最多的国家之一, 但现有机床大多数服役年龄较长,大都是多年来生产积累的通用机床,设备陈旧落后,柔性和自动化程度低,要想在短时期内大量地更新现有设备,无论从资金还是国内机床制造厂的生产能力都很难做到。对于机床进行数控化改造投资少,见效快,是机械制造厂挖掘技改的一条成功之路。 对CA6150车床进行数控化改造,使其可以加工出传统机床加工不出来的曲线、曲面等复杂的零件,可以实现加工的自动化,而且是柔性自动化,从而效率可比传统机床提高3~7倍。加工零件的精度高,尺寸分散度小,拥有自动报警、自动监控、自动补偿等多种自律功能,降低了工人的劳动强度,节省了劳动力,减少了工装,缩短了新产品试制周期和生产周期,可对市场需求作出快速反应等等。
由于数控机床具有自动化程度高加工精度高,质量稳定,便于生产管理现代化等特点。数控机床的应用越来越普及,也是制造业现代化的必然趋势。如果全部淘汰旧机床而采用新的数控机床不仅所需资金太大,而且会造成原有设备的闲置和浪费。 我国的再制造技术研究起步较晚,迫切需要大力发展,即能充分利用原有的旧设备资源,减少浪费又能够以较小的代价获得性能先进的设备,满足现代化生产的要求。
本文介绍普通车床的数控化改造,重点介绍机床数控化改造方案的确定,基本步骤,目的,经济合理性,机床数控化改造计算(各种设计参数和结构,机械部分和电气部分)。
关键词: 伺服电机;精度修复;润滑;数控系统
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基于CA6150普通车床得数控化改造
CA6150 Ordinary Lathe Based On The Numerical Control
Transformation
Abstract
At present,China has more than 300 million machine tools,she is one of the largest country to production and use machine tools, but most of the existing machine tools serving older. Mostly for the production of generic machine tools accumulation, outdated equipment, low level of Soft and automation. If want to update the existing equipment in a short time, whether from internal funds or machine tool factory capacity will be very difficult to achieve. Numerically controlled machine tools for the transformation of the investment, effective, and is a machinery factory excavation technological transformation on the road to success. CA6150 lathe for digital technology to transform so that it can not be processed by the processing of the curve of traditional machine tools, camber and other complex components. Automated processing can be achieved, but flexible automation to increase efficiency comparable traditional machine tools 3~7 times. Reduced labor intensity of the workers, labour savings, reducing suits, thus shortening the production cycle and new product testing cycle, rapid response to market demand, and so on.
Ease of production characteristics of modern management. Numerically controlled machine tools applications growing popularity is the inevitable trend of modern manufacturing. If all out of the old machine tools and the introduction of new digital machine is not only the necessary funds, but will also cause the original equipment idle and waste. Our country remanufacturing technology research started rather late. the urgent need to develop, namely the old equipment to fully utilize existing resources, reduce waste and the costs can be advanced to the smaller equipment to meet the requirements of modern production.
This text introduces the number of the common lather to control to turn a reformation, the point introduction tool machine number controls to turn the reformation project to really settle, basic step, purpose, economic rationality, the tool machine number controls to turn the reformation calculation.(various design parameter and structure, the machine part and electricities part).
Keywords:Electrical Exchange;Servo;Precision Repair;Lubricant;Digital Systems
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基于CA6150普通车床得数控化改造
目 录
摘 要 .................................................................. I Abstract ................................................................. II 一、绪论 .................................................................. 1
(一)数控技术和制造装备发展趋势 ...................................... 1
1.数控技术的发展趋势 ............................................... 1 2.我国数控技术和产业化发展的分析 ................................... 4
二、CA6150机床系统的总体设计 ............................................. 5
(一)总体方案设计内容 ................................................ 5
1.CA6150系统运动方式的确定 ........................................ 5 2.CA6150控制方式的选择 ............................................ 5 (二)总体方案确定 .................................................... 5
1.CA6150系统的运动方式的选择 ...................................... 5 2.CA6150数控系统的确定 ............................................ 5 3.CA6150机械传动方式的确定 ........................................ 6
三、CA6150进给系统设计计算 ............................................... 7
(一)脉冲当量的选择 .................................................. 7 (二)切削力的计算 .................................................... 7
1.纵车外圆的切削力计算 ............................................. 8 2.横切端面的切削力计算 ............................................. 8 (三)CA6150机床滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和选型 ............................ 8
1.纵向进给丝杠的选择和计算 ......................................... 9 2.横向进给丝杠的选择和计算 ........................................ 14 (四)CA6150进给齿轮箱传动比的计算 ................................... 18
1.纵向进给齿轮箱传动比计算 ........................................ 18 2.横向进给齿轮箱传动比计算 ........................................ 18 (五)CA6150机床步进电机的选型 ....................................... 19
1.纵向进给步进电机的计算 .......................................... 19 2.横向进给步进电机的计算和选型 .................................... 23
四、CA6150机床微机数控系统的设计 ........................................ 24
(一)微机数控系统的设计 ............................................. 24
1.硬件电路的设计 .................................................. 24 2.软件电路的设计 .................................................. 25 (二)8031单片机的扩展 ............................................... 25
1.8031单片机的系统扩展 ........................................... 25 2.8031单片机的存储器扩展 ......................................... 26 3.8031单片机的I/O口扩展 ......................................... 27 (三)步进电机驱动电路的分析 ......................................... 27
1.脉冲分配器(环行分配器)的分析 .................................. 27 2.光电隔离电路的分析 .............................................. 28
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