年产一万吨甘氨酸生产工艺设计
The Fig.1 design process
solutionn chloroacetic acid Urotropin Methanol Distillation By-product Ammonia ammonia synthesis Alcohol precipitatcentrifugal Alcohol production dry packing
Fig.1 Design flow block diagram
Process narrative
The acid, hexamine solid ratio were dissolved according to process requirements into technical specification of the content of the solution, and then prepare the metering tank.First put into the reactor hexamethylenetetramine solution, heated to a certain temperature, it begins dropping acid solution, and ammonia gas reaction. During the reaction to control the reaction temperature and pH, until the end of the incubation period of the addition, by methanol alcohol precipitation, vacuum filtration, methanol, ethanol washing, separating glycine, and drying, drying, sampling tests, packaged into conformity library factory.
5.Design and process characteristics
(1) The current design uses ammonia acid solution commonly used in the country. (2) In addition to the methanol distillation is a semi-batch production, other production processes are fed-batch, batch production, the production cycle is 8 hours, to produce three
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华北科技学院毕业设计（论文）
batches a day. Such a production process, likely to cause instability in the control process indicators, product quality, yield fluctuations. Therefore, the control of each step of the production process indicators, a key factor in the operation of control, product quality and stability, in particular to improve the yield of the product has a very important impact.
(3)During the reaction, the catalyst is added to adjust the amount of the reaction temperature, pH value and duration of the reaction and other factors, yield and product quality has a decisive influence.
(4) Analysis of the effect of the main factors affecting alcohol are added and the amount of alcohol precipitation temperature of methanol, so as to ensure product yield, two conditions must be controlled better.
6.Design calculation result data
The design ammoniated synthesis reactor each data in Table 1 below:
Table1
Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Project
Synthesis reactor volume diameter Cylinder height Jacket diameter Jacket height Heat transfer area Jacket thickness Jacketed head thickness Specifications
3000L 1400mm 1600mm 1500mm 1100mm 7.12m2
4.88mm
6.01mm Note: The data listed in the table only some important data, other data are reflected in the text.
7.Design conclusion
The design of the selected device meets the 10,000 tons of glycine synthesis requirements.Through research and analysis of the amino acid glycine solution preparation, retrieve relevant documents and data, process parameters to determine and optimize the process parameters can be obtained control; selected major reaction apparatus its energy
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年产一万吨甘氨酸生产工艺设计
balance and design. Through the course of the reaction was material balance drawn purity of the final product was 98.5%, other impurities are in line with quality standards. Of the production process has been designed, and the layout and planning workshop, theoretically feasible.
KEY WORDS: glycine, production process, yield, chloroacetic acid ammonolysis process
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华北科技学院毕业设计（论文）
引言
甘氨酸是氨基酸系列中结构最为简单,人体非必需的一种氨基酸, 在分子中同时具有酸性和碱性官能团。根据甘氨酸制备工艺和产品的纯度可分为食品级、医药级、饲料级和工业级四种规格产品。甘氨酸的生产、运用及其功用价值, 已在全球越来越引起人们的关注。许多国家的食品、医药药物、化肥、农药、饲料等的生产,已离不开它的加盟, 或借助与利用它的一些特殊功效作用来改变产品的一些风味或质量。美国、法国、日本、中国等都是甘氨酸的生产与消耗的大国, 目前全球的生产总量约为250KT。在国外, 甘氨酸的使用范围较广泛,生产的技术工艺也较先进, 成品的含量或纯度也较高,而且在许多的食品和猪、鸡、牛、羊的饲料中及农药、除草剂等已得到广泛使用。甘氨酸化学合成主要有氯乙酸氨解法、施特雷克法(Strecker)、和海因法(Hydantion)三种。目前全国生产甘氨酸的厂家约有 50 家 左右,目前，制备甘氨酸主要有以下几种方法 : ( 1 )以乌洛托品、氯乙酸 、液氨( 或氨水 )为原料，以水为介质的合成方法 ; ( 2) 与 ( 1) 类似但以醇为介质，以碳酸钱(或氨基甲酸钱 )、氯乙酸和氨水为原料的合成方法 ; ( 3) 用氨基乙睛与酮类合成恶哇烷，再将其水解 ; ( 4) 乙内酞脉水解法等。
目前国内主要采用氯乙酸氨解法制备甘氨酸，60年代以前，德国的Kraut用氯乙酸和氨水反应，在缓慢搅拌、室温下反应48小时以上，再经一系列复杂的后处理，才得到粗品，收率很低，成本高且再生能力很低。70年代后，法国人Henri Martin以乌洛托品、氯乙酸、氨水为原料在水相中合成，反应后，经醇析、过滤、精制、干燥制得。只有70%左右的收率，生产周期长达40小时，纯度在90%左右[1]。后来用液氨代替氨水，收率达80%以上，此工艺成熟，目前国内生产厂家都在此方法前提下，不断的进行改进。自1969年实现工业化以来，国内许多专家对其进行了众多改进性研究，使甘氨酸收率由约70%提高至85%以上，产品甘氨酸含量从95%提高到98.5%。
本设计所选用的工艺路线为国内较为成熟的氯乙酸氨解法，其中部分内容参考和引用了前人的技术成果，在此表示特别感谢。
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