音箱外壳设计毕业论文
音箱外壳设计毕业论文
题 目：
QQ造型音箱外壳模具设计 I
音箱外壳设计毕业论文
摘 要
近年，塑料工业是世界上发展最快的工业之一，其中塑料注射成型已成为热塑性塑料成型的一种重要方法，它具有成型周期短、能一次性成型复杂、尺寸精度、带有金属或非金属嵌件的塑料制件。注射成型的生产效率高，易实现自动化生产，而且几乎所有的热塑性塑料都可以用注射成型的方法成型，因此，注射成型广泛的应用于各种塑料制件的生产，同时我国模具行业结构调整和体制改革步伐加大，主要表现在：大型、精密、复杂、长寿命、中高档模具及模具标准件发展速度高于一般模具产品且模具成型具有优质，高产，低消耗，低成本的特点。
本文以QQ音箱外壳上部分塑料产品进行分析和模具设计，论述相关注塑模具的关键问题和优势。首先将对塑料材料的性能分析包括塑件的工艺性分析、塑件的体积和质量计算及注射机参数的确定，根据塑件的基本形状和尺寸入手，进行外壳的曲面造型设计与建模，合理选择注射的成型方法。其次对其进行结构设计：分型面选择、型腔数确定、型腔的排列方式、浇口设计、推出及复位机构方式确定；型芯、型腔尺寸计算；模具加热和冷却系统计算；再将零件合理分配和布置后，用流道将它们连接起来，形成两个完整的塑件。接下来的设计内容有零件的制造工艺性编制；模具闭合高度确定；注射机有关参数的校核；如此设计出的结构可确保模具工作运用可靠。该设计使用Pro/E软件来完成零件造型和模架的装配，主要是侧向抽芯结构，注意两处抽芯设计时彼此之间的配合关系。最后导入AutoCAD完成总装图的绘制。本文在设计过程中对各种方案进行比较，以便优化设计，并配有大量设计插图以便更好的理解。
关键词：注射成型；QQ音箱；模具设计；曲面造型；制造工艺；侧向抽芯；装配
II
音箱外壳设计毕业论文
Abstract
In recent years, the plastics industry is one of the world's fastest growing industrial, including plastic injection molding has become an important method of thermoplastic molding, it has a short molding cycle time molding complex, dimensional accuracy, with a metallic or nonmetallic embedded in the plastic parts. Injection molding of high production efficiency, easy to automate production, and almost all thermoplastics can be injection molding method of molding, injection molding, widely used in the production of plastic parts, while China's mold industry structural adjustment and The pace of structural reform to increase, mainly in: the large, sophisticated, complex, long life, high-grade mold and mold standard parts of the pace of development is higher than normal molds and mold forming with high quality, high yield, low, low-cost features.
QQ speaker enclosure on some plastic products and mold design, discusses the key issues and advantages of the injection mold. First of all, will be the performance of plastic materials including plastic parts of the process analysis, to determine the volume and quality computation of plastic parts and injection molding machine parameters, the basic shape and size of the plastic parts start the design and modeling of the shell surface, a reasonable choice of the injection molding method. Then, its structural design: the parting surface selection, cavity number to determine the arrangement of the cavity, gate design, launch and reset mechanism determined; core, cavity size calculation; calculation of mold heating and cooling systems; again part rational distribution and arrangement of the flow channel to connect them together to form two complete plastic parts. The following design elements part of the preparation of the manufacturing processes; mold shut height
determined; the relevant parameters of the injection machine check; structure so designed to ensure that mold the use of reliable. The design using Pro/E software to complete the assembly of the part shape and mold the side core structure, pay attention to the coordination between the two core pulling design. Finally, import AutoCAD to complete the drawing of the assembly diagram. In the design process for various programs in order to optimize the design and belong a lot of design illustrations for better understanding.
Keywords: injection molding；the QQ speaker； mold design；surface modeling；manufacturing process；side core；assembly
III
音箱外壳设计毕业论文
目 录
引言 ........................................................... 1 1 概述 ........................................................ 2
1.1 模具工业在国民经济中的重要地位 ........................................ 2 1.2 中国塑料工业的发展 .................................................... 3
2 塑件的工艺性分析 ............................................ 5
2.1 塑件的原材料分析 ...................................................... 5 2.1.1设计要求： .......................................................... 5 2.1.2该塑料的工艺特点及用途： ............................................ 5 2.1.3该塑料的成型特性： .................................................. 6 2.1.4设计方案 ............................................................ 6 2.2 ABS的主要缺陷及消除措施 .............................................. 6 2.2.1残余应力引起的龟裂 .................................................. 6 2.2.2熔接痕 .............................................................. 7 2.2.3白化 ................................................................ 7 2.3 ABS的主要技术指标 .................................................... 7 2.4 注塑工艺及模具条件 .................................................... 8 2.4.1注射成型过程 ........................................................ 8 2.5 产品形状分析 .......................................................... 9 2.5.1 侧孔 ................................................................ 9 2.5.2 脱模斜度 ............................................................ 9 2.5.3尺寸精度分析 ........................................................ 9
3 注射成型机的选择和工艺参数 ................................. 11
3.1 塑件的体积重量 ....................................................... 11 3.2 注射机的选择 ......................................................... 11 3.3 塑件的注射工艺参数的确定 ............................................. 11
4 型腔布局与分型面设计 ....................................... 13
4.1 型腔数目的确定 ....................................................... 13 4.2 型腔的布局 ........................................................... 13 4.3 分型面的设计 ......................................................... 14 4.4 冷料穴和拉料杆的设计 ................................................. 15
IV
音箱外壳设计毕业论文
5. 浇注系统的设计 ............................................. 16
5.1 浇注系统的组成 ....................................................... 16 5.2 主流道设计 ........................................................... 16 5.3 浇口的设计 ........................................................... 17 5.3.1浇口的选用 ......................................................... 17 5.3.2浇口位置的选择 ..................................................... 17 5.3.3浇口方案选择 ....................................................... 18 5.4 分流道的设计 ......................................................... 19 5.4.1分流道布置形式 ..................................................... 19 5.4.2分流道的长度 ....................................................... 20 5.4.3分流道的形状及尺寸 ................................................. 20 5.4.4分流道表面粗糙度 ................................................... 20
6 成型零部件的设计与计算 ..................................... 21
6.1 成型零件的结构设计 ................................................... 21 6.1.1凹模的设计 ......................................................... 21 6.1.2凸模和型芯结构设计 ................................................. 21 6.1.3成型零件钢材的选用 ................................................. 21 6.2 成型零件的工作尺寸计算 ............................................... 21 6.2.1型腔和型芯径向尺寸的计算 ........................................... 22 6.2.2型腔深度和型芯高度尺寸的计算 ....................................... 23 6.2.3中心距尺寸的计算 ................................................... 24 6.3 模具型腔侧壁和底板厚度的计算 ......................................... 25
7 模架的选取 ................................................. 27 8 合模导向机构的设计 ......................................... 29
8.1 导柱结构的技术要求 ................................................... 29 8.2 导套的设计 ........................................................... 29
9 推出机构的设计 ............................................. 31
9.1 推杆的设计 ........................................................... 31 9.2 复位杆的设计 ......................................................... 31 9.3 推板尺寸的设计 ....................................................... 32
10 排气、冷却系统的设计与计算 ................................ 33
V