Unit 11 CAM
? Section I Dialogue
Do you still remember what CAD is? 你还记得计算机辅助设计是什么? It’s short for computer-aided design. 这是计算机辅助设计的简称。
Very good! Would you please explain it in details? 非常好! 请你详细解释一下吗?
Yes, CAD is a technique of using a computer to create, modify, analyze, and refine a design. 是的,CAD利用计算机创建、修改、分析、精化设计的技术 。 Well done! Do you know something about CAM? 做得好! 你知道一些关于CAM吗?
Sorry, I don’t know. Will you please tell me something about CAM? 对不起,我不知道。请告诉我一些关于CAM吗?
Certainly. CAM is the abbreviation [?,bri:vi'ei??n] for computer-aided manufacturing. 没问题。 CAM是为计算机辅助制造的缩写。 I see. Would you give me some details? 知道了。 你能告诉我一些细节吗?
OK. CAM uses all the advanced technologies to join the process of design with automated ['
?:t?umeitid] production machine tools, material handling equipment, and control systems. Besides, CAD/CAM can provide the technology base for the computer-integrated factory of the future.
好的。CAM使用所有先进技术把设计过程与自动加工机床、物料处理设备以及控制系统集为一体。此外，CAD/CAM将会为未来的计算机集成工厂提供技术基础。 Thank you so much for your clear explanation. It’s my pleasure.
? Section II Reading
CAM
Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) is a system of using computer technology to assist the manufacturing process.
计算机辅助制造（CAM）是利用计算机技术协助制造过程的系统。 Through the use of CAM, a factory can become highly automated. 通过使用CAM的，一个工厂可以实现高度自动化。
Through systems such as real-time control and robotics [r?u'b?tiks], a CAM system usually seeks to control the production process through varying degrees of automation. 通过实时控制和机器人系统，CAM系统可以控制不同自动化程度的生产过程。
Because each of the many manufacturing processes in a CAM system is computer controlled, a high degree of precision can be achieved that is not possible with a human interface. 因为CAM系统的每一个生产过程都是由计算机控制，因此精度很高，这是人工难以达到的。 Computer Aided Manufacturing is commonly linked to Computer Aided Design (CAD) systems. 计算机辅助制造通常与计算机辅助设计系统联系起来。
The resulting integrated CAD/CAM system then takes the computer-generated design, and feeds it directly into the manufacturing system.
CAD/CAM集成系统应用计算机进行设计，并直接将结果传送给生产加工系统。
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The design is then converted into multiple computer controlled processes, such as drilling or turning.然后，设计转化为多个计算机控制程序，比如钻孔或者车削。
? Section III Words and Expressions
abbreviate [?'bri:vieit] vt. 缩写，使省略；使简短vi. 使用缩写词 abbreviation [?,bri:vi'ei??n] n. 缩写；缩写词
automate ['?:t?meit] vt. 使自动化，使自动操作 vi. 自动化，自动操作
automated ['?:t?umeitid] adj. 自动化的；机械化的 v. 自动化（automate的过去分词）；自动操作 automation [,?:t?'mei??n] n. 自动化；自动操作
handling ['h?ndli?] n. 处理 v. 负责；对待（handle的ing形式）；触摸 adj. 操作的 handle ['h?ndl] vt. 处理；操作；运用；买卖；触摸vi. 搬运
? Section IV Technical Terms
material handling equipment 装卸转运设备 | 材料装卸设备 | 料处理设备 real-time control 【计算机】实时控制
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Unit 12 Mastercam
Dialogue - - - - - - - - - -
Have you ever heard of Mastercam?
Yes, it is a popular software among CNC programmers. Are you familiar with its functions? Sorry. Could you please tell me some?
Sure. It allows us to bring in a model from CAD software, and generates toolpaths for everything from basic operations such as drilling. I see. Does it have any other functions?
Yes, Mastercam can still make it easy to machine at different A and B index positions. It makes great improvements to 3-Axis and multiaxis toolpaths.
Compared with the traditional software, Mastercam is really advanced. You have got it. In addition, it is user friendly. Thank you, I’m eager to have a try.
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Unit 13 CAD/CAM/CAPP Integration
Dialogue - - - - - - - - -
Reading
CAD/CAM/CAPP Integration
Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided Manufacturing are two essential tools to design and manufacture parts. Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) is trying to bridge the two systems by seamless integration.
计算机辅助设计和计算机辅助制造设计和制造零件的两个必不可少的工具。计算机辅助工艺规划（CAPP）是试图弥合两个系统无缝集成。
For example, a computer integrated manufacturing system has been established. The integration of the CAD/CAM/CAPP is applied to smooth the design and manufacturing process of rotational parts. The same part data is used in all the CAD, CAM and CAPP modules.
例如，计算机集成制造系统已经建立。CAD/ CAM / CAPP的综合可使旋转体零件的设计和加工过程更加平稳。相同的零件数据可以用于所有的CAD，CAM和CAPP模块。
A code system and a process weighting method are proposed to recognize the part and generate the corresponding process plan. Algorithms for planning the cutter path and calculating the cutter locations have been processed to generate the NC program automatically. Cutting path simulation and cutting animation are supplied in the proposed system to verify the CAM functions. Examples and cutting experiment are given to demonstrate and verify the proposed CAD/CAM/CAPP integration system. 编码系统和工艺过程评价方法是用来识别零件并进行工艺过程设计的。已处理的刀具路径规划和计算刀具位置的算法自动生成NC程序。 在CAD/ CAM / CAPP系统中，通过刀具路径模拟和切割过程的直观显示可校验CAM的功能。实例和切削实验用于演示和验证CAD / CAM/ CAPP集成系统。
We have learned CAD and CAM before, do you still remember?
Hmm, let me see, CAD stands for computer-aided design and CAM stands for computer-aided manufacturing.
Could you explain them in details?
CAD is sued for design and simulation and CAM is for numerically controlled machining. Yeah, you are right. CAD and CAM are two important tools to design and manufacture parts. And I also know CAD/CAM system can provide the technology base for the computer-integrated factory of the future. And do you know CAPP?
Oh, it is new to me. Sounds very difficult!
Don’t worry. We’ll learn much about that in the following text.
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Unit 14 PLC
Dialogue - - - - - - - - -
Do you know what a PLC is?
I’m not very sure. But I know a PLC can be a replacement for relay devices. You are right, and then what are the components made up of PLC?
Like a general-purpose computer, a programmable controller consists of five major parts: CPU (processor), memory, input/output (I/O), power supply, and peripherals. Could you tell me what functions modern PLCs have?
Certainly. Modern PLCs have many functions. Their use extends from simple process control to manufacturing system controls and monitoring. Can you explain that in details?
OK. PLCs can be used for high-speed digital processing, high-speed digital communication, high-level computer-language support, and of course, for basic process control. You’re welcome. Reading PLC
PLCs (programmable logic controllers) are the control centers for a wide variety of automated systems and processes. They contain multiple inputs and outputs that use transistors and other circuit to simulate switches and relays to control equipment. They are programmable via software and network options.
可编程逻辑控制器是各种各样的自动化系统和过程控制的中心。它们包含多种输入和输出，可以使用晶体管，其他模拟开关电路和继电器控制设备。它们是通过软件和网络选项编程。
From the mid 1970’s, the development of the micro processor have allowed Programmable Logic Controllers to take on more complex tasks and larger functions.
从20世纪70年代中期，微处理器的发展已使可编程逻辑控制器上承担更复杂的任务和更强大的功能。 PLCs have been gaining popularity on the factory floor and will probably remain predominant for some time to come. Most of this is because of the advantages they offer:
PLC已在工厂获得的知名度，并且可能在未来一段时间继续保持优势。主要是因为他们具有如下优势： ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Cost effective for controlling complex systems.
Flexible and can be reapplied to control other systems quickly and easily. Computational abilities allow more complex control.
Trouble shooting aids make programming easier and reduce downtime. Reliable components make these likely to operate for years before failure. 有效地控制复杂系统的成本。
应用灵活，可快速，轻松地控制其他系统。 计算能力允许更复杂的控制。
故障排除辅助工具使编程更容易，并减少停机时间。 可靠的组件确保使用很多年。
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