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高一英语阅读理解试题（社会类）
(1)
Among the first to suggest that clocks be moved ahead to extend(延长) daylight hours during the spring and summer was Benjamin Franklin. However, it was not until March 31, 1918, more than a century after Franklin’s death, that Congress adopted the practice — during World War I, in order to save electricity. During World War I, daylight saving was also adopted(采取) in England, Germany, France, and many other countries.
1. Daylight saving means _______. A. to make the clocks faster C. to extend daylight hours
B. to make the clocks slower D. to shorten day hours
2. The first to suggest that clocks be moved ahead to extend daylight hours was _______. A. Benjamin Franklin C. No one
B. Congress of the United States D. Newton
3. When did they put this into practice? A. World War II.
B. World War I. D. About 50 years ago.
C. More than a century ago.
4. Congress adopted the practice, in order _______. A. to save water
B. to save electricity D. to save time
C. to save money
5. Daylight saving was also adopted _______. A. in England and France.
B. in Germany and many other countries. C. Both A and B D. all the countries
【答案与解析】本文讲述了延长白昼时间的提出，以及这种建议何时被采用。 1. C。Daylight saving是什么意思？文章首先说了延长白昼时间的方法被Franklin提出，然后说在第一次世界大战中为了节约电而采用了这种 daylight saving的方法。由此可知是延长白昼时间的意思。
2. A。文章第1句告诉我们提出延长白昼时间的人是Benjamin Franklin，由此可知答案。
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3. B。这个建议什么时候被运用在实践中的呢？文章说到是在Franklin死后的一个世纪也就是在第一次世界大战中才被采用。因此可知答案是B。
4. B。文章中的第3句告诉我们延长白昼时间的原因是saving electricity。
5. C。根据文章的最后一句我们得知英国和德国等都采用了这个建议。所以A、B项都对。
(2)
Fifty years ago not many people would have something repaired in their homes. In those days labor was fairly cheap and most people would have thought it worthwhile to have somebody repair their things unless they were very poor. Today, however, it is quite a different story. Men and women in all walks of life turn their hands to all kinds of jobs round the house. Some people have even successfully built their own houses. These jobs have been made easier today by using prepared materials.
In every high street throughout Britain nowadays there is at least one “DIY” shop. And “Do-it-yourself” is a booming business. A lot of people visited these shops every day because of the high cost of present-day labor.
1. Fifty years ago if people needed some repair, they would _______. A. try to mend them by themselves B. has them repaired by others C. repair them in their homes
D. have somebody repair them unless they were poor 2. Many jobs have been made easier today because _______. A. some people have successfully built their own houses B. men and women turn their hands to all kinds of jobs C. they can be done by using prepared materials D. a lot of people is very hard up for money 3. From the passage we know that _______. A. there are many “DIY” shops in Britain
B. not every high street in Britain has one “DIY” shop C. people can do nothing without using prepared materials
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D. “Do-it-yourself” is a lazy business in cities
4. Why did a lot of people visit “DIY” shops every day? A. Because people were used to doing things at home. B. Because the present-day labor was no longer cheap. C. Because they were interested in such kind of shops. D. Because they enjoyed the high cost of present-day labor. 5. What is the best title for this passage? A. High Streets in Britain C. Present-day Labor
B. DIY
D. A Strange Business
【答案与解析】本文讲述了如今劳动力的情况和这种不同于以往的情况所带来的新的生意。
1. D。文章第2段说In those days...(那时劳动力很廉价，大多数人认为值得去请一些人修理，除非家里很穷)，由此句可知答案。
2. C。文章第1段最后一句说：如今，这些工作由于用了预制材料变得容易起来。由此句可推知答案。
3. A。文章第2段第1句 ...at least one DIY shop，可知至少有一家，不一定只有一家。 4. B。为什么每天都有很多人去DIY shop呢？文章最后一句告诉了我们：很多人去的原因是如今劳动力很贵(即劳动力不再便宜)。 因此选B。
5. C。哪一个做文章的标题最好呢？全文讲述的是如今劳动力的情况及带来的新的生意。答案D(一种奇怪的生意)的这种概括不正确；答案C (如今的劳动力)的这种概括很好。
(3)
Sport is very popular in England. In other words lots of English people like the idea of sport. A lot watch sport on TV. But the number who take part in sport is quite small. On the whole English people prefer to be fat rather than thin.
The most popular sport in England is football. Football is played on Saturday afternoon in most towns and the supporters of a certain team will travel from one end of the country to the other to see their team play. There are four divisions(级别) of the football league. Not surprisingly the best teams are in the first division. But the best supporters are often in the fourth division. You have to be a good supporter to watch the fourth division football!
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Many other sports are also played in England, such as golf, in which you try to knock a ball into a hole; basketball, in which you try to get a ball through a net; tennis, in which you try to hit a ball so that your opponent(对手) can not hit it. As you see, if the ball had not been invented, there would have been no sport.
Actually, that is not quite true. Athletics(田径) isn’t played with a ball; nor horseracing. Perhaps that is why they are not as popular as football!
1. _______ is the most popular sport in England. A. Basketball
B. Football
C. Golf
D. Tennis
2. You have to be a good supporter to watch _______ division football. A. the first
B. the second
C. the third
D. the fourth
3. Why do many English people not take part in sport? A. They are too busy.
B. They like watching sport on TV. D. They prefers to be thin.
C. They would like to be fat.
4. Why are English people interested in sport? A. They have their football team.
B. The sport games are played on Saturday afternoon. C. They like the idea of sport. D. They like the famous players.
【答案与解析】本文讲述了英国十分流行运动，尤其是球类运动备受英国人的喜爱。 1. B。在England流行什么运动？文章第4行的The most popular sport in England is football，由此可知football最流行。
2. D。如果你看第几级别的比赛你就是个很棒的球迷呢？文章中的第2段 But the best supporters are often in the fourth division(但最好的球迷常常在第四级别的比赛中)，由此可知答案为D。
3. C。文章第1段最后一句说英国人喜欢胖胜过喜欢瘦。据此句可推测英国人不太参加运动的原因是C。
4. C。为什么英国人对运动感兴趣？文章第2段In other words lots of...，由此句可知答案是C。
(4)
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There have been great changes in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there was an unusual shortening of the time of a woman’s life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the 19th century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, chance and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances(家用电器) and convenience foods.
This important change in women’s way of life has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards, return to full or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with both husband and wife accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfaction of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money and running the home, according to the abilities and interest of each them.
1. According to the passage, around the year 1990 most women married ________. A. at about twenty-five B. in their early fifties
C. as soon as possible after they were fifteen D. at any age from fifteen to forty-five
2. We are told that in an average family about 1990 _______. A. many children died before they were five B. the youngest child would be fifteen
C. seven of eight children lived to be more than five D. four of five children died when they were five.
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