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A. Fred Okono and his fellow workmates are very kind and helpful B. Nairobe is a large city which is very developed C. the crime problem is very serious in the city of Nairobe
D. they should not have paid a visit to Nairobe, and should buy a ticket back immediately 3. The notice tells us that _______.
A. something unpleasant could happen to you if you use a camera during the seminar B. ladies must not wear a handbag or any jewellery
C. in the hotels of Nairobe, it might be dangerous to stay in a single room
D. everything will be OK if you always watch out and are clear about the surroundings 【答案解析】本文告诉游客需要注意的8条安全问题。
1. C。推断题。根据第 1 段 …you will stay and have a trouble-free seminar 可知是研讨会相关人员所发出的通知，由此可推知 C 为可选项。
2. C。推断题。根据八条注意事项得知该城市的治安状况很差，所以 C 为正确答案。 3. D。主旨题。根据However, if you observe the following simple guidelines you will stay and have a trouble-free seminar 可知本文是为保证人们安全所提出的一些注意事项，故选 D。
(13)
For every 10 men who died in battle in the Civil War, two or three of them died of disease. Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it. Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers. Hundreds of others had never had childhood diseases. Many of these soldiers could not withstand the epidemics(传染病)of measles(麻疹), mumps(肋腺炎), and whooping cough that went through the camps.
Army life was hard. Soldiers got few fruits or vegetables. There was no milk unless they happened to find a cow. Neither their clothes nor their shelters protected the troops from rain, snow, and cold. Sickness and disease were spread by insects, rats, and impure drinking water. Often the men drank straight from muddy streams.
Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war, but they did not cause as much death and suffering as disease did.
1. Disease caused _______. A. only a few deaths
B. fewer deaths than wounds did
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C. more deaths than wounds did D. both A and B
2. Doctors at the time of the Civil War knew _______. A. a lot about curing disease C. only how to prevent disease
B. little about the causes of disease D. both B and C
3. Men who were accepted as Civil War soldiers were _______. A. known to have already had measles and mumps B. required to be in perfect health C. able to withstand epidemics easily D. sometimes in poor health
4. Insects and rats were dangerous because they _______. A. destroyed food C. made the water impure
B. carried disease
D. ruined the soldiers’ clothing
5. The best title for this selection is _______. A. Disease
B. The Greatest Danger in the Civil War C. Insects, Rats, and Gunshot Wounds
D. The History of Epidemics
【答案与解析】本文介绍了美国独立战争中最大的困难就是疾病。 1. C。推断题。根据文章的首句、尾句及全文内容可推知此题答案为 C。
2. B。细节题。根据文章第 1 段第 2 句 Doctors of that time knew very little about causes of sickness or ways of preventing it 可推知此题答案为 B。
3. D。细节题。根据文章第 1 段第 3 句 Thousands of men in poor health became soldiers可推知此题答案为 D。
4. B。细节题。根据文章第 2 段倒数第 2 句 Sickness and disease were spread by insects, rats, and impure drinking water 可推知此题答案为 B。
5. B。主旨题。根据文章的最后一句 Gunshot wounds were serious, as in any war, but they did not cause as much death and suffering as disease did 及全文内容可推知此题答案为 B。
(14)
Why must we pay taxes? The answer is that the government needs money for many things,
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for example to pay its soldiers, sailors and airmen, to build roads, bridges, offices, schools, etc and to buy goods from abroad; and only the people of the country can supply the money. One of the most important taxes is income-tax which a person pays according to the amount of his income-tax. Whether he is a businessman, a doctor, a lawyer, a shopkeeper, a miner, or anything else. This is called a “direct” tax, because it is paid in money direct to the government.
Another tax is paid on goods such as watches, jewellery, new clothes, tobacco, wine, etc, when they are brought into a country, such a tax is paid as part of the price of these goods if they are later sold in shops. We call it “indirect” tax, because it is paid indirectly through the shopkeeper.
People usually complain about having to pay taxes, but they forget that the money is spent on the things that they and their families need. We need policemen to catch thieves, to see that men obey the laws, to direct traffic, etc, and they must be paid what they earn; children need education and there must be schools and teachers; we want our streets to be kept clean, and the wages of men who do this kind of work have to be paid. Above all, the country must always be ready to defend itself against attacking enemies, and we cannot have an army without paying for it.
Taxes, therefore, cannot be avoided. We buy our own food and clothes and pay for our own amusements, but there are several things that the State finds the money for, and that are necessary for us if our society is to continue. So we have no real cause to complain when we are asked to supply money to be spent for the good of ourselves and for our fellow-citizens.
1. Indirect tax means _______.
A. tax that one pays direct to the government B. tax that is not paid directly to the government
C. tax that is paid as an extra amount added to the price of certain goods D. Both B and C
2. Which of the following is right? A. Taxes are paid to the sellers. B. Income-tax is an indirect tax.
C. The tax on new clothes is paid in money direct to the government.
D. Tax is amount of money that you have to pay to the government so that it can pay for public services.
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3. People have no real reason to complain about having to pay taxes because _______. A. some shopkeepers are very rich
B. they need money to buy goods from abroad C. their children need education
D. the money is spent on the things that they and their families need 4. “Taxes cannot be avoided” means _______. A. people have to pay taxes to the government B. you do not have to pay tax on some goods C. soldiers do not have to pay taxes D. all goods have to be taxed
【答案与解析】本文介绍了政府纳税目的、用途，从而要求人们必须交税。
1. D。推断题。根据文章第 2 段：这种税款不是直接交给政府，而是以商品价格的形式由商店老板代收代交，从而可推知此题答案为 D。
2. D。推断题。根据文章第 1 段第 2 句 …for example to pay its soldiers, sailors and airmen, to build roads, bridges, offices, schools, etc and to buy goods from abroad 可推知此题答案为 D。
3. D。推断题。根据文章第 3 段第 1 句 …the money is spent on the things that they and their families need 可推知此题答案为 D。
4. A。推断题。根据文章倒数第 2 段的分析，可推知此题答案为 A。
(15)
The Post Office in Britain is famous for getting letters and parcels to places to which they should be sent. The problem is that we the public have to observe the rules. For example, we must put a stamp on a letter. If we don’t, the receiver will have to pay double. We often see the sign ALL LETTERS MUST BE CORRECTLY ADDRESSED. These days, this means having to use postcodes. If you didn’t use a postcode, it’s no good complaining that your letter should have arrived sooner. Parcels are a problem because they must be correctly packaged. If Aunt Sophie is going to send you a jar of your favourite jam, she will have to wrap it up well. The most important thing we have to do is to address our letters and parcels legibly(易读) and correctly. This means clear handwriting and correct spelling. What we should do and what we actually do are often miles
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apart. Recently, the Post Office had to deliver a letter which showed a name followed by the word Arijaba. What is this, do you think? Arabic? Hiodustani(兴都斯坦语)? Wrong both times! Say it out loud and you’ll see it’s just plain English. HARWICH HARBOUR！
1. In England _______ if you forget to put on a stamp. A. nobody can receive your letter
B. you will have to give some money as a punishment C. you can’t have your letter posted D. you can still have your letter posted 2. If you didn’t use a postcode, _______.
A. your letter couldn’t arrive soon B. your letter would be surely lost C. your letter could not be posted D. your letter would be sent back at last 3. When we post parcels, we must _______. A. address them correctly C. package them correctly
B. address them clearly D. all of the above
4. From the passage we can see that postmen _______. A. have no difficulty in delivering any letters B. have difficulty in delivering mis-spelt letters C. won’t deliver any letters with bad handwriting D. can deliver all letters to their destinations(目的地)
【答案与解析】本文为说明文，介绍了在邮局寄信和寄包裹应注意的事项。
1. D。推断题。根据If we don’t, the receiver will have to pay double 可以知道收信人收到了没有贴邮票的信。
2. A。推断题。根据If you didn’t use a postcode, it’s no good complaining(抱怨) that your letter should have arrived sooner 可知，没有写邮编的信到得比较迟。
3. D。细节题。根据 …they must be correctly packaged. …address our letters and parcels legibly(易读) and correctly 可以知道，D项最全面，为最佳选择。
4. B。推断题。根据最后两句所举的例子Arijaba…plain English. HARWICH HARBOUR），我们可以推断拼错地址的信肯定送起来很困难。
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