apartment. We've lived here for two years. We're moving out tomorrow.\words)
Useful Words and Expressions: luggage n. 行李，皮箱
a piece of luggag 一件行李
check one's luggage寄存行李，打行李票 luggage-rack（火车上的）行李架 excess luggage超重行李
hand luggage手提行李（旅客随身携带） personal luggage 随身（小件）行李 registered luggage托运的行李 package n．包裹，包［ dweller n．居住者，居民 dwell vi．居留；居住
dwell in the country y住在乡下」
dwell in someone's mind留在某人脑海里 dwelli joy沉浸于欢乐之中
Passage 14 That Isn't Our Fault
Mr. and Mrs. Williams got married when he was twenty-three, and she was twenty. Twenty-five years later, they had a big party, and a photographer came and took some photographs of them. Then the photographer gave Mrs. Williams a card and said, \be ready next Wednesday. You can get them from studio.\
\The photographs arrived a week later, but Mrs. Williams was not happy when she saw them. She got into her car and drove to the photographer's studio. She went inside and said angrily, \some photographs of me and my husband last week, but I' m not going to pay for them.\\
\
\think of that before you married him?\Useful Words and Expressions: fault n.过错，缺点，毛病 -Who broke the cup?
-It's my fault, I dropped it. --谁把杯子摔了？
一这是我的过错，我摔的。
That's no fault of his. 这不是他的过错。
The fault lies with me, not with you. 这是我的责任，不是你的责任。 photographer n．摄影师 photograph n. 照片
take a photograph of 拍摄
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studio n．照相室，工作室，画室 art studio 美术工作室
broadcast studio 播出演播室，广播播音室 TV studio电视演播室
film Studio电影制片厂，电视制片演播室 radio studio播音室
Passage 15 A Guide's Answer
In 1861, the Civil War started in the United States between the Northern and the Southern states. The war continued with great bitterness until 1865, when the Northerners were victorious. However, even today, many
Southerners have not forgotten their defeat, or forgiven the Northerners. A few years ago, a party of American tourists were going round one of the battlefields of the Civil War with a guide who came from one of the Southern states. At each place, the guide told the tourists stirring stories about how a few Southern soldiers had conquered powerful forces of Northerners there.
At last, one of the tourists, a lady who came from the North, stopped the guide and said to him, \surely the Northern army must have won at least one victory in the Civil War?\
\(147 words)
Useful Words and Expressions: bitterness n．痛苦，悲伤，强烈的
bitter adj．苦味的，辛酸的，怀恨的；强烈的 a bitter taste苦味 a bitter smile苦笑 bitter tears辛酸的眼泪
bitter remarks刻薄的话，恶毒的话 bitter discipline严格的训练 a bitter argument激烈的争论 victorious adj．获胜的，胜利的 the victorious army获胜的队伍 a victorious cheer胜利的欢呼 forgive vt．原谅，饶恕 party］n．一群人
battlefield n．战场，沙场 stirring adj．激动人心的 a stirring person活跃的人 a stirring speech 动人的演说 conquer vi．征服，战胜 the Civil War南北战争
Passage 16 A Qualified Pilot
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The captain of a small ship had to go along a rocky coast, but he was unfamiliar with it, so he tried to find a qualified pilot to guide him. He went ashore in one of the small ports, and a local fisherman pretended that he was a pilot because he needed some money. The captain took him on board and asked him where to steer the ship.
After half an hour the captain began to suspect that the fisherman did not really know what he was doing and where he was going. \
\answered the fisherman. \know every rock on this part of the coast.\
Suddenly there was a terrible crash from under the ship. At once the fisherman added, \Useful Words and Expressions: Qualified adj. 有资格的
qualify as a doctor取得医生资格 qualify for the vote有选举权
qualify to do sth．使有资格做某事 pilot n．飞行员，领航员，引水员 captain n．船长，机长，队长 ashore adv．向岸地，在岸上地 rocky adj．多岩石的 on board 到船上，在船上
suspect v．怀疑，对…··有所觉察 suspect sb．of a crime怀疑某人犯罪
I suspected her motives.我怀疑她的动机。 crash n．碰撞，撞击声
Passage 17 Living Things React
You and all organisms live in an environment. An environment is made up of everything that surrounds an organism. It can include the air, the water, the soil, and even other organisms.
An organism responds to changes in its environment. When an organism responds to a change, it reacts in certain ways. All living things respond in someway.
Have you ever noticed how plants and insects respond to light? Plants bend toward light. Insects fly toward light.
Living things also respond in other ways. The leaves on some trees respond to a change in season. In autumn, they change colors and then fall off the branches. Animals also respond to a change in season. Squirrels save nuts for the winter. Bears sleep through the winter in a cave.
You respond to your environment in many ways, too. You may shiver if you are cold. What other ways do you respond to changes in your environment? (156 words)
Useful Words and Expressions:
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react vi. 反应，起作用
react against oppression反抗压迫 react on each other相互起作用
Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person.恶人有恶报。 The eye reacts to light.眼睛对光有反应。
The audience reacted readily to his speech.观众对他的讲演立即起了反应。 organism n．生物体，有机体 respond v．作出反应 squirrel n．松鼠
nut n．坚果，难解的问题
a hard [tough] nut to crack棘手之事；难对付的人 a tough nut果断顽强的人；难对付的人，无赖汉 deaf nut注定失败的计划;毫无所得的投机 deaf nut发疯；大发雷霆
He who would eat the nut must fiDt crack the shell．不打碎果壳，就吃不到果仁；不劳则无获。
Passqjge 18
Flowering Plants
What arc the parts of a flower?
Flowers can have male parts and female parts. The female parts make eggs that become seeds. The male parts make pollen. Pollen is a powdery material that is needed by the eggs to make seeds. To make seeds, pollen and eggs must come together. The wind, insects, and birds bring pollen to eggs. Many animals love flowers' bright colors. They also like a sugary liquid in flowers. This is called nectar. While they drink nectar, pollen rubs off on their bodies. As they move, some of this pollen gets delivered to the female flower parts.
Over time, the female parts turn into fruits that contain seeds. Animals often eat the fruits and the seeds pass through their bodies as waste. The animals do not know they are working for the plants by planting seeds as they travel to different places! (147 words) Useful Words and Expressions: flowering adj. 开花的
pollen n．花粉vt．传授花粉给 powdery adj，粉状的
sugary adj.含糖的，甜的 sugary foods甜食
sugary compliments奉承 a sugary smile甜蜜的一笑 nectar n．花蜜，甘露
taste the nectar of success尝成功之甜果 rub v．擦，摩擦
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Passage 19 Finding the Direction and Location
How can you tell which direction? By day, look for the Sun. It is in the east in the morning and the west in the afternoon. At night, use the Big Dipper to help you find the North Star. It would be better to bring a compass because its needle always points north.
How do you know how far you have gone? You could count every step. Each step is about two feet. You'd better wear a pedometer which is a tool that counts steps. If you know where you started, which direction you are heading, and how far you have gone, you can use a good map to figure out exactly where you are.
Today there is a new way for travelers to figure out where they are. It is the GPS. It has 24 satellites that orbit the earth and constantly broadcast their positions. Someday you may carry a small receiver as you hike and use GPS to find out if you are there yet! (167 words) Useful Words and Expressions: dipper n.北斗七星
compsiss n.罗盘，指南针，圆规 v．包围 pedometer n．步数计，步程计
head vt．朝向，前进；为首；率领；主持；领导 head south向南走去
We're heading home.我们正朝着家走。
Where are you heading for？你往哪儿去？
You're heading for an accident if you drink and drive．如果你酒后开车，势必会发生车祸。
Who headed the department？谁主管着这个部门？
His name heads the list for the candidates．他是候选人名单上的第一名。 Tom headed the ball into his own goal．汤姆把球顶进了自己的球门。 figure out v.．合计为，计算出
GPS abbr. Global Position System全球定位系统 orbit n．轨道 vt．绕……轨道而行 receiver n．接收器
Passage 20
Waves
How does light get from the sun to the earth? How does music get from the stage to the audience? They move the same way -in waves!
Light and sound are forms of energy. All waves carry energy, but they may carry it differently. Light and sound travel through different kinds of matter. For example, light waves cannot move through walls, but sound waves can. That is why you can hear people talking in another room even though you cannot see hem. The energy of some waves is destructive. An arthquake produces seismic waves.
Catch a wave. Ask a friend to stand a few feet away from you. Stretch a spring between you. Shake the spring to transfer energy to it. What happens?
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