What与how的感叹句
感叹句一般是用来表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感。英语感叹句常用\和\引导，\和\与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。
一、 由\引导的感叹句：\意为\多么\用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是：
what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is). 如：
① What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！
② What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！
③ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！
④ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！
⑤ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ 二、由\引导的感叹句：\意为\多么\，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is). 如：① How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！
② How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ ③ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ ④ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！
⑤ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！
三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用\引导，也可用\引导。如： ① What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！
② What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！
③ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！
④ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is!
多么明亮的阳光呀！ 感叹句练习题
( )1._______a clever girl she is ! A. What B. How C. What’s ( )2._______she sings!
A. How good B. How well C. What well ( )3._______ exciting the news is! A. What a B. How C. How a ( )4._____his sister works!
A. How careful B. How carefully C. What careful ( )5._____noisy the students are making! A. What B. How C. How a ( )6.______delicious fish! A. How B. What C. What a ( )7.______heavy rain!
A. What a B. What C. How ( )8.____old bike Tim is riding! A. What a B. What an C. How ( )9.______exciting moment it is! A. How B. How an C. What an ( )10.______ dinner we’re having today!
A. What a delicious B. How delicious C. What delicious ( )11.________ bad weather it is today! A. How B. What a C. What
( )12._____fast the runners are running! A. What B. What a C. How ( )13._______the hamburgers are!
A. How delicious B. What delicious C. What a delicious ( )14.____surprising news it is! A. How B. What C. What a
( )15.____time they’re having today!
A. What a good B. How good C. What good ( )16._______I miss you !
A. What B. How C. How do
( )17.Look! ______beautiful that sea is! A. How B. What C. What a ( )18. ________ slowly Mike runs! A. How B. What C. What a ( )19._____lovely the baby looks! A. What B. How C. What a
( )20.________useful information it is! A. What an B. How C. What
( )21._______beautiful flowers they are! A. How B. What C. What a
( )22._______lovely a girl she is! A. What B. How C. What a ( )23._______they love their country! A. What B. How C. What a ()24._______long hair she has! A. What a B. What C. How
( )25._______beautiful music the students are listening to! A. How B. What a C. What
( )26._______exciting a basketball match it is! A. What B. How C. What an
( )27._______hard-working Chinese people! A. How B. What C. How do
( )28._______time they had yesterday!
A. How wonderful B. What wonderful C. What a wonderful ( )29.______worried they looked! A. What B. How C. How are
( )30.__________ good advice the teacher gives us! A. What B. How C. What a
冠词
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面帮助指明名词的含义。冠词分为不定冠词a（an）和定冠词the两种。不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念，只表示名词为不特定者。定冠词则表示名词为特定者，表示“这”、“那”、“这些”、“那些”的意思，在可数的单复数名词或不可数名词前面都可以用。 I 不定冠词
We need an apple and a knife. 我们需要一个苹果和一把刀子。 1.a和an的区别
不定冠词有a[+]和an[+Q]两种形式，a用于辅音（不是辅音字母）开头的词前。an用于元音（不是元音字母）开头的词前。
a boy, a university, a European country u是元音字母，但发音是[U(]，是辅音。 an hour ，an honor ，an island
h是辅音字母，但它不发音，它的音标是是元音。 an elephant， an umbrella， an egg 2（1）不定冠词的用法 ①泛指—类人或物。 eg. This is a pencil case.
②指不具体的某个人或物。
eg. I met an old man On my way home. ③用在序数词前,相当于another. eg. There’s a third boy near the shop. ④表示“每—（个）”,相当于every. eg. They have music lessons twice a week.
（2）不定冠词的位置
①不定冠词—般放在所修饰的单数可数名词前。 eg, a bike, an egg
②当名词被such, what, many修饰时，不定冠词放在这些词之后。 eg.It took me half an hour to finish my homework. He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door. What a dangerous job it is！
Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.
③当名词前的形容词前有so, how, too等词时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。 Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station. How nice a film this is！
④当名词前面有形容词和quite, rather, very时，不定冠词放在quite, rather之后,very之前。 eg.It is quite a good book. That is rather a useful too1. This is a very interesting story.
表示某一类人或事物时，以下三种方法都可以。如： The horse is a useful animal.（用定冠词）
A horse is a useful animal.（用不定冠词） Horses are useful animals.（用复数） 马是一种有用的动物。
III.不用冠词的情况：
（1）名词前有指示代词this, that, these, those时不用冠词。 eg. That girl is my friend.
（2）名词前有物主代词my, your, his her, their等时不用冠词。 eg. Lucy is her sister.
（3）名词前有whose, which, any, each, every等代词时不用冠词。 eg. Which man is Mr Green？
Each student has a beautiful picture.
（4）复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。 eg. Those young men are teachers, not students. （5）物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。 eg. Snow is white.
（6）抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。 eg.Does she like music？
（7）在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。 eg.play basketball／soccer／chess （8）在三餐前不用冠词。
eg. have breakfast／lunch／supper／dinner
（9）在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。
eg.Tina, China, Tiananmen Square, New Year’s Day, Tuesday, January National Day 国庆节 注意
在民间节日，即以Festival 组成的节日名称前要加the 。 如：the Spring festival 春节
（10）在学科和节目名称前不用冠词。
（11）家庭成员的名称、称呼语或只有一人担任的职务的名词前不用冠词。 注意
此时要用大写Mother
Father is at home, but Mother isn't. 此时要用大写Mother 爸爸在家，妈妈不在家。 We'll make you monitor. 我们会让你当上班长的。
Sir, may you answer me a question? 先生，您能回答我一个问题吗？ My favorite is English.
（12）在某些固定搭配中不用冠词。
eg.at noon, at work, at home, by bus, by air, on foot, from morning till night, at night, go to school, go to bed, at last