第十节非谓语动词（1）
非谓语动词：不定式 / ing /ed
特征：除了不能做谓语，可以承担句子的任何成分。 主语（ To do this ）is my job 表语 my job is to do this. 定语 I have a lot of work to do. 状语 I get up early to catch the bus. 补语 I tell you not to do it. 宾语 I want to go.
1) With 1.8 million jobs lost in the last three months, there is urgent desire-
to boost the economy as quickly as possible.（2013年6月第1套／第1篇／第1段／第3句） 非谓语动词：to boost
有尽快促进经济的迫切需要定语
2) That makes finding a solutionall the more更加愈发difficult.（2013年6月第1套／第1篇／第1段／第5句） 非谓语动词：finding a solution宾语 这就让找到解决方案更加困难
3) Migrants to cities are attracted by plentiful jobs, access to hospitals and education, and the ability to escape the boredom of a farmer?s agricultural life（2013年6月第1套／第2篇／第2段／第3句）. 非谓语动词：to escape做定语
You must have an ability (to live by yourself).
4) In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it
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might generate a subtle sense of loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more（2013年6月第3套／第1篇／第4段／第7句）. 在这种情况，拿完书之后又得乖乖放下它可能会让我们产生一种微妙的失落感，并且激发了我们的购买欲。
5) Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales.（2013年6月第3套／第1篇／第4段／第3句）.
6) To stabilize its population---discounting immigration---women must have an average of two children（2013年12月第3套／第1篇／第3段／第4句）. 非谓语动词
To stabilize its population目的为了稳定人口 discounting immigration同位语
7) Though having a child主语 is a deeply personal decision, it?s shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy（2013年12月第3套／第1篇／第4段／第1句）.
Though having a child主语 is a deeply personal decision 让步状语从句
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第十一节非谓语动词（2）
非谓语动词做定语=定语从句
The girl who stands under the tree is my sister. The girl standing under the tree is my sister.
Stand 与时态无关与主语的主动或者被动有关 主动ing 被动 ed
The cup (which is) given by my mom is very beautiful.
The cup given by my mom is very beautiful. 被动
The meeting (which is being held in this town ) is very important. =
The meeting being held in this town is very important.
The meeting (which was being held in this town ) is very important.
非谓语动词做状语=状语从句
非谓语动词做定语=定从
1)The result is a sort of high-quality, unusually rigorous coffee-table book, de-signed(=which was designed ) to be dipped into rather than read from beginning to end（2013年6月第1套／第2篇／第3段／第6句）. 主句的主语 The result 谓语 is 定从的主语 which 谓语 was designed
2) A Voyage to the Moon, (often cited as the first science fiction story), was writ-28 / 33
ten by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649（2013年12月第2套／第2篇／第1段／第2句）.
主句主语A Voyage to the Moon谓语was written
often cited as the first science fiction story
=(which is )often cited as the first science fiction story
3）They resonated(共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all,（which was ）delivered by Martin Luther King Jr. two years later（2013年12月第1套／第2篇／第2段／第2句）.
他们以乐观和雄心与世界最出名的关于梦想的演讲产生共鸣，这个演讲是两年前马丁路德金发表的。
非谓语动词：delivered = which was delivered
1)作主语
To make a plan for our future is important.
2)作表语
The important thing is to save lives.
3) 作宾语
I like to go for a walk in the warm sunshine.
4)作定语
She usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings.
5) 作状语
She decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.
6) 作主语补足语
It is reported to be true.
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7) 作宾语补足语
Please remind me to take my medicine tomorrow.
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