中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计（论文）
2.1.4 经济管径计算 ···················································································································· 19 2.1.5 管材选取 ······························································································································ 20 2.1.6 粘温方程 ······························································································································ 20 2.1.7 流态判断 ······························································································································ 21 2.1.8 总传热系数K ···················································································································· 22 2.2 最小输量下的工况计算 ······························································· 23 2.2.1 热力计算 ······························································································································ 23 2.2.2 水力计算 ······························································································································ 24 2.3 最大输量下的工况计算 ······························································· 26 2.3.1 热力计算 ······························································································································ 26 2.3.2 水力计算 ······························································································································ 26 2.4 站址确定及热力、水力校核·························································· 28 2.4.1 站址确定 ······························································································································ 28 2.4.2 热力、水力校核 ··············································································································· 30 2.5 反输计算 ················································································· 33 2.5.1 反输量确定 ························································································································· 33 2.5.2 翻越点判断 ························································································································· 33 2.5.3 开泵方案 ······························································································································ 34 2.5.4 压力校核 ······························································································································ 34 2.6 设备选型 ················································································· 35 2.6.1 加热炉的选择 ···················································································································· 35 2.6.2 输油主泵的选择 ··············································································································· 35 2.6.3 给油泵选择 ························································································································· 35 2.6.4 反输泵的选择 ···················································································································· 35 2.6.5 储油罐的选择 ···················································································································· 35 2.6.6 原动机的选择 ···················································································································· 36
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中国石油大学（华东）本科毕业设计（论文）
2.6.7 阀门 ······································································································································· 37 2.7 开炉开泵方案 ··········································································· 37 2.7.1 最大输量下： ···················································································································· 37 2.7.2 最小输量下： ···················································································································· 37 结论 ······························································································· 39 致谢 ······························································································· 40 参考文献 ························································································· 40
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前言
前言
长输管道设计是对油气储运专业本科毕业生综合素质和能力的一次重要培养与锻炼，也是对其专业知识学习的一次综合考验。此设计管材采用?406.4×7.9，L245钢管；采用加热密闭式输送流程，先炉后泵的工艺，充分利用设备，全线输油主泵和给油泵均采用并联方式，加热炉采用直接加热的方法。设计主要内容包括：确定经济管径、站址确定、调整及工况校核、设备选型、反输计算、站内工艺流程设计和开炉开泵方案；绘制首站及中间热泵站的工艺流程图、首站的平面布置图、泵房安装图、管道的纵断面图。此外还进行了一定量的外文翻译。在本次设计中，自己学到了许多平常课堂无法学到的东西，使自己不但系统地整理了以前的所学的知识，而且对管输设计有了更深刻的理解和掌握，为以后的工作打下夯实的基础。由于自己水平有限，难免存在疏漏和错误之处，希望老师和同学们多批评、指正。
第1章 工艺计算说明书
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第1章 工艺说明书
1.1 设计准则
1.1.1 设计依据
《***输油管道初步设计》任务书 中国石油大学储运教研室 《输油管道工程设计规范》 GB 50253—2003 《石油库设计规范》 GBJ 74 《工程管道安装手册》 中国石化出版社 《输油管道设计与管理》 中国石油大学出版社
1.1.2 设计原则
（1）设计中贯彻国家有关政策，积极采用新工艺、新技术、新设备和新材料，做到技术先进、经济合理、安全使用、确保质量；
（2）保护环境，降低能耗，节约土地；处理好与铁路、公路、空运、水路间的相互关系，在满足管线设计要求的前提下，充分利用管线的承压能力以减少不必要的损
耗；
（3）积极采用先进技术、合理吸取国内外新的科技成果。管线线路选择应根据沿线的气象、水文、地形、地质、地震等自然条件和交通、电力、水利、工矿企业、城市建设等的现状与发展规划，在施工便利和运行安全的前提下，通过综合分析和技术比较确定；
（4）采用地下埋设方式。受自然条件的限制时，局部地段可采用土堤埋设或地上敷设；
（5）充分利用地形条件，兼顾热力站、泵站的布置，本着“热泵合一”的原则，尽量减少土地占用。
1.2 设计原始数据
1.2.1 设计输量
最大输量为500万吨/年；
生产期生产负荷（各年输量与最大输量的比率）见下表1-1。
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第1章 工艺说明书
表1-1 生产期生产负荷表
年 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 生产负70 80 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 90 80 荷（%） 1.2.2 环境参数
年最低月平均温度1℃； 管道中心埋深1.5m；
土壤导热系数1.4w/(m?℃)； 沥青防腐层导热系数0.15w/（m?℃）； 1.2.3 原油物性
①20℃的密度885kg/m3； ②初馏点85℃； ③反常点32℃； ④凝固点28℃； ⑤比热2.1kJ/(kg?℃)； ⑥燃油热值4.18×104kJ/kg。 1.2.4 粘温关系 见表1-2
表1-2 油品温度与粘度数据
温度（℃） 粘度（cp） 32 60 35 53.4 40 44.1 45 36.4 50 30 55 26.4 60 23.3 65 21 1.2.5 沿程里程、高程 数据见表1-3
表1-3 管道纵断面数据
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