Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shell ?
Teaching goals:
1. Words and expressions in this unit . 2. 现在完成进行时的用法。
3. Patterns: How long have you been doing sth ? I have been doing sth since … .
I have been doing sth for … (period of time) . 4. 谈论人们做某事持续多长时间。 5. 谈论人们的业余爱好。 Important and difficult points:
1. Words and expression in this unit .
2. 现在完成进行时的用法以及与现在进行时和过去进行时的区别。
Teaching aids: teaching cards , pictures , a tape recorder .
Period 1
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Greeting & check the homework Step 2 Revision & Presentation
(This activity present the target language ―have been doing‖ by asking &answering between the teacher and the students.) T: What are you doing?
Ss: We’re having an English class.
T: Yes, you are studying English. When did you begin to study English? Could you tell me? Ss: We began to study English about two years ago.
T: Yes, you began to study English about two years ago, when you came to our school. You’re studying English now . You’ll go on studying English.
So, we say: ―You have been studying English for about two years.‖ How long have you been studying English? Boys and girls. Ss: We have been studying English for two years.
(Write the sentence on the blackboard & Read it twice. Then ask about another more activities.) T: What’s your favorite sport?
S: I like swimming( playing basketball…) T: When did you begin to swim? S: Two(…) years ago.
T: Oh, you have been swimming for two years. (to the class)How long has he been swimming? Ss: He has been swimming for two years.
(Repeat the activity using different dates for several other students. Use a different situation,
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such as ―When did you begin to live in Wanzhou ? When did you begin to play computer games/ wear glasses /study in a middle school…? etc‖. And the other students repeat the sentences by using ―He/ She has been….)
Step2 Make a conclusion(总结现在完成进行时) ① have /has been +doing… ② (began...) for be doing Past -----------------------------------now ---------------?future Step3 Pairwork
(The teacher may give them some activities such as: study in our school/ live in Wanzhou/ talk with each other/wear glasses …etc.)
First get the students to work in pairs.
Then tell something about your partner to the class by answering the class’ questions. e.g. Ss: How long has your partner….
S: He/ she…
Do with more students. Step4: Discuss
(Practicing using the target language)
1. The teacher talk with one student as a model first.
①T: How long did you sleep last night? S: I slept for….
②T: When did you start class today? S: We started class at….
③T: How long have you been in class today? S: We have been in class for…. 2. Ask & answer these questions in groups by using the words: ―at…‖ &‖for…‖ While the Ss work in groups, move around the room checking their progress and offering help as needed.
3. Ask the class each question and let several different students answer. Help the students phrase response using the words ―at ―& ―for‖ correctly. Step5: New lessons
(Present the new words
T: (Show the picture in 1a to the class) Look at the picture. What’s happening? What are they doing ? S: Some Ss are skating. A reporter is talking to them.
T: Yes, you are right, the students in the picture are at a skating marathon. ( Teach: marathon )
Who are they? Introduce the names of the Ss: Alison, Sam, Victor& Celia ) Step6: Listening SB 1b
(Practice in the target language in listening)
T: How long have the students been skating? Let’s listen to the tape & fill in the chart. ( If they can’t, listen again. ) 3 Check the answers together Step7: Pair work 1c
(Get the students to practice in the target language in spoken conversation) 1: Have two students read the example in sample dialogue in Activity 1c.
2: Make conversations about the people in the picture by using the information in 2b 3: In the end ask several pairs of students to say their conversations to the class. Step8: Reading
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SB Listening Text
Step9: Games (Optional Activity)
Give the students some words in random order: have, how, long, you, been, studying, English, going to school, riding a bicycle, playing soccer, playing basketball, wearing glasses, surfing the internet, getting so fat…etc (Using some word cards )
Example: S1: (to S2: He may use any of the words.) xx, how long have you been riding a bicycle? S2: I’ve been riding a bicycle for… (To S3) How long… S3… ……
Step10: Summary Homework
Make a survey about your family: How long has your father/ mother/ …been …?
Period 2
Teaching Procedures
Step1 Greeting &check the homework
1. Ask some pairs of students to say their conversations about Alison, Sam, Victor & Celia. Example: S1: How long has Sam been skating? S2: He’s been skating for four hours. S1: How long did Alison skate? S2: He skated for five hours. ……
2. T: (to S3): How long have you been wearing glasses? S3: ….
T: (Show some word cards: your father -----working at the same job your mother-----getting so fat ……
Get the Ss to ask (to S4): How long has your father been working at the same job? S4: He has been working at the same job for....
(Ask more students to practice the dialogues) Step2. Presentation
T: How long have I been teaching you English?
Ss: You have been teaching us English for about two years.
T: Yes, you’re right, I have been teaching you English for about two years.
I have been teaching you English since you came to our school.
I’ve been teaching you English since about two years ago. September, 2004. (Write them on the Bb: since & for in red) (Teach & explain : since) ① Since + 从句（一般过去时） ② Since + 时间点 ③ Since + 时间段 + ago Compare ―since‖ with ―for‖
for +时间段 since + 时间点 Step3 Pair work ( By using ―since‖ or ―for‖)
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1. The teacher gives an example with a student. T: How long have you been playing basketball? S: I have been playing basketball for 5 years.
I have been playing basketball since I was 9 yeas old/5 years ago 2. The students work in pairs like above by using other activities. 3. Ask some pairs to act their dialogues to the class 4. Ask some other students to talk about them Ss: How long has …been....
S: He/ she has been .... for.../since... Step4 Deal with 2a
1. T: (Show the picture) What’s happening?
Ss: A reporter is talking to a boy, he may get the first place.
T: Yes, he won the skating marathon, and a reporter is asking him some questions . And the questions are among the following 6 questions. First read the questions together. Ss: …….
2. T: Listen to the tape, and find out what questions the reporter asked. .What are the boy’s answers? No.1 is done for you….
Play the tape twice & get the Ss to finish 2a & 2b.
(Before playing the tape, show the new word: ―congratulation‖ on the blackboard and teach it) After they finish listening, check the answers. 3. Check the answers together Step5 Pair work 2c
1. Read the dialogue in the book in two parts.
2. Work in pairs, by using the information in the chart (One is the reporter, the other is Alison) S1: How long have you been skating?
S2: I’ve been skating since I was seven years old. S1: How long did you skate today? S2: ...
(When they work, move around the room checking the progress of the pairs and offering help as needed)
3. Ask some pairs to say their conversations to class 4. Ask & answer in two groups. Step6 Reading
SB listening Text Step7 Grammar Focus
1. I’ve been skating since nine o’clock .
I’ve been skating for 5 hours.
What’s the difference between ―for‖ and ―since‖
(Try to let the students make a summarize & you may give some help)
since + 时间点 but for + 时间段
2. What’s the difference between ―How long have you been skating?‖ and
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―How long did you skate?‖ Do you know?
―have you been doing‖ questions shows that the person is continuing to do the action
at the present moment, the ―did‖ questions means that the person has stopped doing the action. 3. Read the Grammar Focus
4. Get the students to make sentences by using the structures. Step8: Summary
Homework
Period 3
Teaching Procedures Step 1: Greeting Step 2: Revision
T: Do you remember who won the Hilltop School skating marathon? S: Alison…
T: How long has he been skating? S: …
Step 2: Presentation
T: There is a skating Marathon in the Hilltop School. Several skaters are skating to raise money for charity
Teach & Explain: the Hilltop School raise money for charity skaters (Write on the blackboard) Step3 Listening
T: Who was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours? 1. Let’s listen to the tape & find out the answer. 2. Check the answer
Alison was the first one to start & has been skating for the whole five hours. (Explain: the first one to start for the whole five hours) Step4 Reading
1. Read quickly and have the students fill in the chart in 3a . Check the answers by asking & answering .
2. Show the following questions on the small blackboard or on the screen.
① Who is talking from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon? ② Why are students skating? ③ How much does every student raise for every hour ? ④ How long has the skating marathon been going? ⑤ How many skaters are still skating now? ⑥ Who are they?
a. Get the students to read the questions loudly.
b. Get the students to read the passage carefully to find out the answers to the questions. c. Get some students to answer these questions & write the key words and phrases
on the blackboard.
d. Teach & practice the key words and phrases. e. Read the passage together.
f. With the help of the teacher, try to retell the passage by using the key points on the blackboard. Step 5 SB 3b
1. Get the students to write the names from 3a on the line. (They may discuss).
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