paper D.two pieces of papers 4.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：“第二人称，第三人称， 5.There are three_____and seven____in the picture. 第一人称”。
A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep 如：You, she and I all enjoy the music. D.monkies,sheeps
5.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构：
6.A lot of____are talking with two_______.
enjoy oneself=have a good time (过得很愉快) by A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German,
oneself=alone (单独、独自) Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen
Every child likes playing games.
3.all “(全部)都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。
none “没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of 如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.
None of us is/are afraid of dogs.（单、复数均可） 7.June 1 is __. A.the Children's Day B.the Childrens' Day
C.Children's Day D.Childrens' Day
8.__________people went out to see what had happened. A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.Three thousands 9.We have been in the school for______. A.three and a half month B.three and a half months C.three month and a half D.three months and half 10.__________English is___________ useful language. A.A, an B./, a C.The, an D. A, /
11.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but
______ bag was lost just now.
A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the
12.There's ________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a
13.There is ________ 800-metre-long road behind _________
hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the
四.代词
①人称代词: 主格: 单数I 、you 、he 、she 、it 复
数 we 、you 、they
宾格: 单数me 、you 、him 、her 、it 复数us 、you 、
them
⑵物主代词: 形容词性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、
your 、their
名词性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs
③反身代词: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、
ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves
1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，
名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个
名词。
2.注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系,是单数还是复数。 如：⑴These books aren't ours. Ours are new. (这里ours=our books) ⑵This is not our room. Ours is over there. (这里ours=our room)
3.\名词性物主代词\表示所属 如：a sister of his 他的一个
妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
help oneself to? (随便吃/喝 些...) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自学) 练习题 1.-Whose trousers are these? -_____, I think. A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them 2. Nobody taught___English. He taught____. A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his （二） 修饰可数名词 many few 表否定意义 a few 表肯定意义 修饰不数名词 much little 表否定意义 a little 表肯定意义 few 和 little 与 quite 或 only 连用时，常加不定冠词 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.= 用little, a little, few, a few填空:
1.I often stay at home because I have _______ friends here. 2.Jim,don't go and get some water. There is ______ water in the glass. 3.Though he learned French only ________ weeks. He can speak very well. 4.Lily had _________ bread because she was hungry yesterday. （三）不定代词: something, anything, nothing. 当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，常后置。 如：something new There's __________ in today's newspaper. 中考题 A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important
(四)另外，还要注意代词some, every, all, both, either, another
1.some（一些，某） 一般用于肯定句中 注：some有时
也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。
any（任何） 多用于疑问句和否定句
① Will you give me some water? ② Would you like some
meat?
③ May I ask some questions? ④ Could I have some apples? 2.every＋单数名词 “每一个” 强调共性，作定语,形式上为单数。 each “每一个” 强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与of连用。
如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice
skirt.
4.both “（两者）都” ,作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。
either “两者中任何一个” ,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时，后跟名词单数。
neither “(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，用法同either。 如：①They both swim well. ＝Both of them swim well. ②There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.
③Neither of us is going to Beijing next week. ④Neither answer is right. 5. another +单数名词, “另一个”
one ? the other “一个??，另一个??”
the other +复数名词 = the others “其他的人或物” （指确定范围内剩下的全部） others “别人”
(五)疑问代词 5个“wh”, 即who, whose, whom, what, which 这里，which是同学们不易掌握的内容，其实，同学们只须记住，对作定语的内容提问，常用which.
例如: I like the red shirt. ___________ ___________ do you like ? 练习:
一、根据所给单词的适当形式填空，使句意通顺，语法完整 6．Can you come with us ?(we)?
7．These skirts are hers . Yours are over there.(she)? 8．Please take care of yourselves , boys and girls.(you)? 9．I don't think this is my frisby, though it looks like mine .(I) ?
10．Look at those books. Are they yours?(that) 二、根据首字母填空?
11．Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? ? 12．She asked us to help each other.
13．The old man can neither read nor write. ?
14．Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. ? 15．Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.? 三、同义句转换?
16、A: The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.?
B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday. ?
17、A: He doesn't like mutton, and she doesn't, either.? B: Neither he nor she likes mutton.
18、A: All the American people don't like sandwiches.?
B: Not all the American people like sandwiches. ? 19、A: They don't often hear the twins sing the song in the school.?
B: Neither of the twins is often heard to sing the song in the school.[ZK)] 四、单项选择?
(C)20、-Can you speak Chinese, Peter?-Yes, but only .? afternoon.?
A. All B. Neither C. Some D. Both ? (B)4、-Can you tell me what a panda looks like? -Look! This is a picture of .? A. it B. one C. two D. some ?
(B)5、There are not many pears here, but you can take if you want to.?
A. few B. a few C. a little D. little 二、形容词 副词
interesting as that one.
=That film is more interesting than this one.
3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English. Which do you like _____, fish, meat _____ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and
此外，关于形容词、副词的内容同学们还须掌握：
1.形容词修饰名词作定语，跟在连系动词之后作表语。 2.副词修饰动词、形容词或其它副词 enough属例外词：形/副+enough to do enough+名词
例如;She is old enough to go to school. 她够上学的年龄了。 A. little B. few C. a little D. a few ? (A)21、-Do you like Jane's new skirt??
-Yes, very much. I'll ask mum to buy for me.? A. one B. it C. the other D. a ?
(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine.?
A. one B. that C. it D. this ?
(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming. like ball games.? A. the others B. others C. the other D. other ? (A)24、-I'll give the boys to eat.? -Oh, I know, fish and chips.?
A. something English B. English something?C. anything English D. English anything ?
(D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy box?? -No, thanks, I can do it .?
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself ?
(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00?? -I don't mind. time is OK.?
A. Neither B. Each C. Any D. Either ? (C)27、-My bag is full, what about ?? - is full, too.?
A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She ? (D)28、-I've had enough bread, Would you like ?? -No, thanks.?
A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more ?
(A)29、There are many trees on sides of the river.? A. both B. either C. neither D. each
(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is old. A. the other B. other C. the others D. others ?
(C)2、Without the sun, could grow in the world.? A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything ? (B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this
大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级： 原级：比较级： 比较...，更...一些 最高级： 最...
（A）1.构成：(规则情况)情况 变 化 方 法 例 词
单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况 加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest
以字母e结尾 加r, st nice-nicer-nicest
重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时 双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest
以辅音字母加y结尾 变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest 部分双音节和多音节词 在词前加more, most slowly-more slowly-most slowly
2.不规则变化，须熟记： good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthest bad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least (B)常见的使用情况
1.as ? as ? 和...一样（中间用原级）
2.not as(so) ? as 和...不一样（中间用原级） 3? than ?. ..比...（用比较级）
4.有范围修饰的用最高级 如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的
eg.⑴Winter is the coldest season of the year. ⑵This is the best film that I have ever seen .
5.比较级+and+比较级 意为“越来越?.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful
6. The+比较级，the+比较级 越?...就越?... eg:The more, the better. 越多越好
(C)注意点：1.形容词最高级前一定要用the,副词最高级前可省略。
2.可用much, a little, even, still等修饰比较级。 3.在比较级中为了避免重复，在than后常用one,that,those等词来替代前面提到过的名词。
eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai. (D)掌握三种同义句转换：
1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.
2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isn't as
3.区别几组易混淆的副词: 也 too用于肯定、疑问句 also 较为正式书面语 either 用于否定句 已经 already 常用于肯定句、疑问句 yet 常用于否定句、疑问句 不再 no (not any) longer 从时间上讲 no (not any) more 从动作上讲
如此这样 such 修饰名词 eg: such a big box so 修饰形容词、副词 eg: so big 单独、独自 alone 作表语 =by oneself 孤独的 lonely 可作表语、定语 eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing ______ over there. (happy) 练习题
1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.
A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other 2.There isn't _____ in today's newspaper.
A. important something B. important anything C. anything important D. nothing important
3.-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sister's?
-No,Mum. It's not ______. It's ______. A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine
4..The Changjiang River is the third __ river in the world. A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest 5. An elephant is _____ than a horse.
A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more strong
6. Which do you like _____, tea, orange or water? A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best 一、 介词 1．与形容词搭配的词组有： be afraid of （怕） be angry with （生某人的气）
be away from （不在某地） be different from （与?不同） be good at （善于） be good/ bad for (对?有益/有害) be interested in （对?感兴趣） be late for （迟到） be/get ready for （为作好准备） be sure of (对?有把握) be worried about （为?感到担忧） 2．介词后常用人称代词宾格和动词-ing形式
1)You must take good care of her. 2)Thank you for teaching
us so well. 3．几组易混淆的介词
A． “在...之后” in + 一段时间（用于一般将来时） after + 一段时间（用于一般过去时） after + 一点时间（常用于一般将来时）
如：The baby stopped crying after half an hour.
The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday. B． for +一段时间 since +过去的一点时间
这两者均用于现在完成时，具体在时态部分，我会继续向 and“和” 连接两个并列成分,连接谓语时,两个动词时态应3．转化法： know（v．）→knowledge（n．）
一致。 二、意义关联帮你记忆： but “但是” 表转折，不能与 though 同时出现在句中。 dictionary—words，umbrella—rain，library—book—shelf， or “或者”在否定句中，并列句中的列举常用 or，而不用 kitchen—cook and。 Eg: I have brothers and sisters.(否) I don't have 三、英英解释，温故知新： brothers or sisters.= I have no brothers and no sisters. abroad —in or to another country，overseas；interview—meeting 2．引导宾语从句的连词 with sb．
陈述句：that 可省略 一般疑问句：if /whether “是否” 说说记忆单词的方法 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 词是构成句子的重要元素，词汇量的多少在英语学习中占有 3．引导原因状从的有：because (不能与so同时出现在句中) 重要地位。今天我们讲讲怎样记忆单词。 同学们讲解。
C． be made of \用??制成\ be made in “由某地制造”be made by somebody “由某人制成” D． in, on, at表时间 in “在某月(季节、年)等” eg:in 1996, in January, in summer
固定词组：in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the end
on \用于指具体的某一天或专指某一天上午、下午或晚上等\
eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16 at “用于具体时刻前和某些固定词组中”
固定词组：at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意：在表时间里，下列情况下一般不用介词。词组里有：next, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow 前不用介词 。 如:不能说 in tomorrow ,只能说 tomorrow 在明天
E. except +宾格/doing something \除?之外” （不包括本身） Everyone is at school today except Lin Tao. (同义句转换) =Only Lin Tao isn't at school today. F． “用” 通过交通工具 by plane
用语言 in English 通过媒介 on /over the telephone, on /over the radio, on TV
用工具手段 with a pen, with one's hands G． between “在~和~（两者）之间”
between...and..., between the two... among 在...之间(三者或三者以上)
eg.Sue spent over two hours ___ her homework yesterday evening. A.on B.with C.at D.over 二、 连词
1．并列连词 both?and 既~又~谓语用复数动词 neither?nor 既不~也不~含否定意义，（就近原则）谓语动词由靠近它的那个主语来决定单复数。 either?or? “或者 ?或者?”“不是?就是?”
4．引导时间状语从句的连词： A. when（当?时候），as soon as?（一?就），not?until（直到?才），after（在?之后），引导的主从复合句，主句为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。 Eg: I won't leave until he comes back. B. since（自从?以来）引导的主从复合句，主句为现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 Eg：We haven't met each other since she left here last year. C. while（当?时候，一边?一边?）它引导的时间状语从句常用进行时态。 Eg: My father came in while I was doing my homework. 5．引导条件状语从句的连词： if “如果”，引导条件状
从，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时。请区别于if
“是否”相当于 whether，引导宾语从句，时态根据语境确定
eg:1)I don't know if it ＿＿＿＿ (rain) tomorrow.
2)If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, I _____________ (not
climb) the hills.
3)Joan and Mary haven't seen each other_____they left
school five years ago.
A.as B.before C.after D.since
三、 构词法 构词有法记无定法 一、利用构词法记忆： 1．合成法：note＋book→notebook，school＋yard→schoolyard，book＋mark→bookmark 2．派生法（即在词根上加前、后缀记忆）： en－（使??有）＋courage→encourage；inter－（one with another；face to face）＋view→interview；foreign＋er（人）→foreigner，play＋er（执行动作的人）→player，sharpen＋er（执行动作的物）→sharpener；library＋（y→i）an（人）→li?brarian；miss（v．）＋ing→missing（adj．），probable（adj．）＋（l）y→probably（adv．），sad（adj．）＋ly→sadly（adv．）；compose（v．）＋（e→i）tion→composition（n．），inform（v．）＋（a）tion→information（n．） 一、把单词放入句子中，在一定的语言环境中记忆单词。如果一旦忘记词义，就回忆它所在的句子。很多成绩较好的同学都有一个体会，抓住对句子的理解和背诵这样一个关键，记忆单词一般来说是毫不费力的。 二、将单词按归类的方法进行记忆。把同义词归成一类，如 learn－－study，between－－among；反义词归成一类，如 left－－right，high－－low，strong－－weak；或根据含义和用途把同一类型的词归成一类，如交通工具类：car，bus，ship，plane，truck，?学科类：maths，science，art，geogra?phy，?频度副词类：always，usually，often，sometimes，never，?等等。这样当遇到其中一个词时，头脑中出现的就是一组词，
这样记忆单词的效率就会大大提高。同时，还可以掌握词与
词之间的区别和各自特殊的用法，将平时极易混淆的单词清
楚地区别开来。
三、利用构词法记忆单词。比如 happy（幸福的），加前缀“un”
成为 unhappy（不幸福的），改“y”为“i”加后缀“ness”则变成了名词：happiness（幸福）；“pea（豌豆）”与“nut（坚果）”可合成为“peanut（花生）”；when（何时）＋ever（在任何时候）＝whenever（无论什么时候）等等。 四、根据记忆与遗忘的规律来记忆单词，即应及时在第二天、第三天甚至以后再读第一天记忆的单词，定期作阶级性的复习，同遗忘作斗争。要记忆单词就不能怕重复，重复也是记忆的一种好方法。 五、初中阶段还有一个很实用的记忆单词的好方法就是根据音标即单词读音来记单词。只要你首先根据音标把一个单词读准、读对，那么就可根据其读音基本拼写出该单词。首先这要掌握一定的拼读规则。比如“dirty”，根据音标我们就能拼写出d-ir－t－y（在非重读音节中发［i］）。这种方法对于记忆字母较多的单词尤其有效，如“contribution”，根据音标我们可把它分成四部分来记忆：con－tri－bu－tion，这样就能较快地记住单词。 以系统的方式来学习记忆知识能起到事半功倍的效果。因此背单词时我们一定要留心观察，寻找词与词之间的关系，这
样将有助于我们记忆单词。总之，只要我们掌握一些科学的方法，并用心去记忆，就一定能记住英语单词。 合成形容词
英语中有许多种形式的合成形容词，仅在初中阶段需要学习使用的就达九种。现分述如下： 1．数词＋单数名词。
如：20－minute 20分钟的 It＇s 20－minute walk．步行20A. how B. weather C. whether D. what （以e结尾，-r） run runner（重读闭音节，双写-er)
win winner travel traveller -or“人” invent inventor 6、His parents were _________ (happy) because he had failed
the exam again. visit visitor
7、Mrs. Green liked to stay _____ (safe) at the same place. -ly（副词后缀）
8、The_______ (visit) from France are going to visit our school bad badly quick quickly careful carefully happy
happily this afternoon.
deep deeply lucky luckily usual usually noisy noisily 思考题 1、The farmer was___tired___he couldn't fall slow slowly angry angrily strong strongly quiet quietly asleep. 分钟的路程。 second－class 二等的 That＇s the second－class room． 那是个二等房间。 500－word 五百字的
This is a 500－word composition． 这是一篇五百字的文章。
2．数词＋单数名词＋形容词。
如：8－year－old 八岁的 Mr Green has an 8－year－old child． 格林先生有个八岁的孩子。 3．数词＋名词的ed形式。如：three－legged 三条腿的 Tom bought a three－legged table yesterday． 昨天汤姆买了一张三条腿的桌子。
4．形容词＋名词。如：
round－trip来回的；往返的 Do you need a round－trip ticket﹖ 你想要一张往返的车票吗？
part－time 非全部工作时间的；兼职的He found a part－time job． 他找到了一份额外的工作。 5．形容词＋名词的ed形式。
如：kind－hearted 好心的 Father Christmas is very kind－hearted． 圣诞老人的心肠非常好。
6．名词＋过去分词。如：man－made人造的 China has sent up many man－made satellites． 中国已发射了许多人造卫星。
7．名词＋名词的ed形式。如：glass－topped带有玻璃罩的 I want to own a glass－topped table． 我想要一张带有玻璃罩的桌子。
8．副词＋过去分词。如：so－called所谓的
I don＇t like those so－called singers． 我不喜欢那些所谓的歌星。
9．副词＋副词。
如：so－so马马虎虎；不好不坏的 My English is just so－so． 我的英语很一般。．
Eg:To an American,a Chinese is a ______. (foreign) 前缀 例词 派生词 un-“不” happy unhappy like unlike usual unusual friendly unfriendly im-“不” possible impossible 后缀 例词 派生词 -er“人” teach/play/clean teacher/player/cleaner drive driver
特例： true - truly terrible - terribly possible - possibly -ful（形容词后缀） care careful help helpful use useful forget forgetful -y （形容词后缀） rain rainy luck lucky cloud cloudy noise noisy（以e
结尾，去e，加-y）
snow snowy sun sunny （双写，加-y） wind windy -ion（名词后缀） invent invention operate operation -ness（名词后缀） busy business good goodness 一些特例：
动词 形容词 动词 现在分词转化为名词
sleep asleep boat boating die dead build building
enjoy enjoyable begin beginning cross crossing 名词 形容词 meet meeting friend friendly turn turning south southern shop shopping wool woolen danger dangerous 动词 过去分词转为形容词 difference different fry fried worry worried
动词 名词 break broken know knowledge lose lost
fly flight please pleased please pleasure colour
coloured
名词 名词 动词 现在分词、过去分词转为形容词
farm farmer 农夫 follow following interest interested
“感兴趣的” 只作表语，仅用于be interested in develop
interesting “有趣的” 可作表语和定语 developed “发
达的” developing “发展中的”
练习题 1、Lucy can write a letter___Japanese though she has
learned it only a few months.
A. from B. to C. in D. with
2、They will have an English test___two days. A. for B. at C. in D. after
3、Wu Dong was born___the evening of April 2,1975. A. at B. in C. on D. to 4、I haven 't heard _______ her _____ she left home. A. from, since B. from, after C. of, when D. of , as 5、Tom didn't know___Jack would leave for Beijing tomorrow. A. very…to B. too…to C. so…that D.neither…nor 2、Work hard, ___you won't catch up with the others. A. but B. and C. if D. or 3、The game is very ___ and she's ___ in it. A. interesting, interesting B. interested, interested
C. interested, interesting D. interesting, interested 重要的短语、句型和惯用法（一） 1. get on/off(the
bus) 上/下车 get up 起床 get ready for 为 ... 作准备
get oneself
dressed 自己穿衣服 get well (better) 身体好 get in 进入，收集 get sb.sth.=get sth.for sb. 为某人买某物 get on well with sb/sth. 与某人相处很好，...进展顺利 2. have an accident 出事故 have a good time =enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴 have a cold wet day 天气又冷又湿 have a cough 咳嗽 have a drink(of)... 喝一杯... have a talk 听报告 have lunch 吃午饭 have...for lunch 午饭吃...
have a meeting 开会have no idea 不知道 have a rest 休息一
下 3. make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 把A错认为B take sth. by mistake 错拿某物 4. make friends with 与...交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸make a fire 生火 make an excuse 找籍口 make a...sound 发...音 make tea 沏茶 make room for... 为...找出空间 make it 如期赴约 make a team 组成一个队 eg.Let's make it half past one. 注意：时间前不用介词at 5. turn sth. on/off 打开/关掉... turn sth. up/down 把...音量开
大/小 注意：当sth 是代词时，常放中间 6. try sth. on 试穿（衣、鞋、帽） 注意：当 sth 为it或them, 常放中间try out 试验、尝试
try one's best to do sth. 尽力干某事=do one's best to do sth. 7. send sb. away 开除、解雇某人 send for sb. 派人去请某
人 send up 发射 a very ＋形容词+名词eg. English is a very useful language. 8. hear from sb 收到...的来信 hear of 听说 28. be afraid of+名词 害怕... be afraid to+动词 担心、害怕... 9. hurry off 匆匆离去，赶快去 hurry up 赶快 be afraid that+从句 恐怕... 10. get to +名词 get +副词(不用to) reach+名词/副词 arrive 29. so+形容词 so strong so beautiful such+形容词+in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词，不用at/in） 名词(复数或不可数) eg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai到 such beautiful pictures such nice smell such + a/an+形达上海 容词+名词（单数）
eg. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家 such an interesting story
A.up, what B.up, that C.for, that D.for, what
10.One after another, three of them ___.
A.fell asleep B.got to asleep C.went to asleep D.were sleeping
完成句子：
1.你想不想喝杯桔子汁？ Do you ______ ______drinking a glass of orange?
2.小杨毕业离校以来，我们从未收到他的来信。
We have never ______ ______ Xiao Yang since he _______ 11. teach sb. English 教某人英语 teach oneself=learn sth.by
oneself 自学
12.到...末为止 by the end of +过去时间 （用于过去完成时）
by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时）
at the end of+地点 在...尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于 13. hundreds of 成百上千 thousands of 成千上万的 millions of 成百万的
14. be pleased to do sth 很高兴地干某事 be pleased with sth.
为某事而高兴
15. be used for 被用来 be used as 被当作 be used by 被...
所使用
16. so far 到目前为止， 用于现在完成时
17. on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上
on the morning of June 15th.1998 在1998年6月15日早上 18. keep sb.doing sth. 让某人一直干某事 keep doing sth. 继
续做某事
keep on doing sth. 持续不断地做某事
19. much too+形容词／副词原级 实在太...
too much+不可数名词 相当多的... eg. It's _______
expensive. I can't buy it.
There's ___________ rain this year.
20. thanks to...由于，多亏 thanks to one's help=because of one's help 由于某人的帮忙 thanks for one's help 谢谢某人的帮助 21. be far away from＋a place/sb 远离某地 22. wear out 穿坏、穿旧、用尽 常用于被动语态。其P.P为
worn
sell out 售完 卖完
23. two-month holiday=two months' holiday 二个月的假期
24. fall asleep 入睡（进入状态） get to sleep 入睡（还没睡着）
25. stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事 eg. She stopped the child from listening. stop doing sth. 停止干某事，不再干某事 stop to do sth. 停止下来干另一件事。 26. hardly any +n. 几乎没有... 27. quite a/an+形容词＋名词 一个相当...eg. Two months is
quite a long time. 30. feel like doing 想干某事 31. be made/grown/produced 三个词的被动语态都可解释为“生产” 归类: 机器一类→make(制造) 盐produce (经机器加工生产) grow ( . 糖 .丝绸→ 农作物、水果→人工种出来的
)
32. finish doing sth. 做完某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于干某事 go on doing sth. 继续干某事 be always doing 老是干某事 33. hope to do sth. 希望干某事 ...hope that...希望某人干某事,不可用hope sb.to do sth. 34. in surprise 惊奇地（作状语） be surprised at sb. 对某人的举动感到诧异 be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶 35. no space(room) to stand in 36. be angry with sb.
没有站的地方、空间 生某人的气 agree with sb. 同意某人的观点 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 选择题： 1.They arrived ___ London___ a cold winter night. A.at, in B.in, on C.at, on D.in, at
2.It's rather cold today.You'd better ___ more clothes before you
go out.
A.put on B.wear C.to put on D.to wear
3.You must be very tired. Why not ___ a rest? A.stop taking B.stop to take C.to stop taking D.to stop to take 4.___, I've caught up with my classmates in my English studies.
A.Under his help B.With his help C.Under the help of him D.With the help of him 5.Mother told me ____ in the sun. A.not read B.don't read C.read not D.not to read 6.Watching TV ___ is bad for your eyes. A.much too
B.many too C.too much D.too many
7.Those foreign visitors ___ our city the day before yesterday. A.arrived B.reached C.reached to D.got in 8.She asked me to help her ___ her Chinese. A.at B.with C.for D.on
9.Look ___ the words in the dictionary when you don't know ___ they mean. school for the last time.
3.人们兴建绿色长城是为了阻止风将土刮走。
People started to build the Great Green Wall ___ ___ it could stop the wind from ___ the earth away. 4.魏华把你错当成他的兄弟，是吗？
Wei Hua ________ you ______ his brother,didn't she? 思考题：
1.人造卫星能用来向国外发送电视和广播节目
Man-made satellites can be ___ for ___ TV and radio programmes to foreign countries.
2.多亏有了绿色长城，现在他们种的棉花比以前多得多了。 ____ to the Great Green Wall, they can grow a lot ___ cotton than before.
3.学生们相互交朋友，通常相处得很好。
The students make friends ___ one another and usually ___ ___ well. 4.店主说你的尺寸的羊毛衫已售完了。
The shopkeeper said the woolen sweaters ___ your size were ____.
重要的短语、句型和惯用法（二） 1.There be 结构
a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。
eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch.
b.There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。 c.There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school.
问：Is there a river near our school.回答：Yes, there is. No, there isn't.
划⑴How many rivers are there near our school? ⑵What's near our school?
d.there be 结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：there is going to be
e.反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass, is there? ①There is going to _____ a football match this afternoon.