业 设 专 业：
班级学号： 学生姓名： 指导教师：
二〇一 年 月
毕计
高速公路电子不停车收费系统
Highway Electronic Toll Collection System
专业班级： 学生姓名： 指导老师： 学 院：
年 月
摘 要
高速公路收费站ETC通道：电子不停车收费系统（Electronic Toll Collection），指的是车辆在通过收费站的时候，通过车上安装的设备实现车辆识别、信息读写（入口）并自动从之前就已经绑定好的IC卡或银行帐户上扣掉相应资金（出口），是当今交通部门以及大学研究所一直努力研究开发并推广在道路桥的一种电子收费系统。在使用电子不停车道的时候，车主只需要在车窗上安装电子标签并充值，到达收费站时可不用人工缴费，也不用停车，高速费将自动从卡片扣除。这种收费系统每个车收费过程不到两秒钟，其收费道的通行能力是人工收费通道的4-11倍。ETC指的是智能化交通系统里边的一个重要应用环节。它是由安装在汽车前挡玻璃上的一种电子标签（OBU，也是我们平常简称）并且是和收费站ETC车道上立杆安装的微波天线进行短程的通信，扣费的形式就是利用当今上位机的技术与各个银行后台的协议进行互联计算收费，达到车辆通过道路桥的收费站的时候不用停车就想是路过一个减速带一样很随意的就自动扣除了费用。但总的来说，车辆还是需要以较低速度通过收费车道。通过不停车收费这些新技术，不仅可以加快到路桥的车流量、提高通行情况、车辆运行效率同时也可以降低油耗和车辆损耗、较少污染气体的排放，及环保又节能。是当今交通部门以及大学研究所一直努力研究开发并推广的一种电子收费系统。
关键词：高速公路电子不停车收费系统；ETC
ABSTRACT
With highway toll station ETC Channel: toll collection system means the vehicle through the toll station, to achieve the vehicle identification device through the car, information is written (entrance) and automatically deducted from the IC card or bank account pre-bound funds (exports), is an internationally are working to develop and popularize the electronic toll collection system for roads, bridges and tunnels. Using this system, the owner as long as the window is installed and stored proximity card fees, they do not pay through the toll station manually, and without parking, high-speed toll is automatically deducted from the card. Although able to achieve no parking, but in general, the vehicle still needs to pass a slower speed. This charging system takes less than two seconds per vehicle fee, the fee channel capacity is 5-10 times the labor costs of the channel. Toll Collection System (Electronic Toll Collection, ETC) is the intelligent transportation system is an important application areas and sectors. Dedicated Short Range Communication via microwave vehicle electronic tag and the toll station ETC lanes installed on the vehicle windshield on the use of computer networking technology and banking system back the settlement process, so as to achieve the vehicle does not need to stop by the road and bridge toll station will be able to complete the passage the purpose of payment of fees. By means of toll collection technology can improve the capacity to the road, the vehicle operating efficiency when reducing fuel consumption and vehicle wear and tear, fewer emissions,that of be save energy and protected the environment play a role.
Key Words：Highway Electronic Toll Collection System；ETC
目 录
1 绪 论...................................................................................................................... 3
1.1课题背景.......................................................................................................... 3 1.2高速公路的不同收费方式.............................................................................. 3 1.3课题研究的目的与意义.................................................................................. 4 1.4课题的主要研究内容...................................................................................... 4 2 高速不停车电子收费系统ETC的研究与设计........................................................ 5
2.1设备工作条件.................................................................................................. 5 2.2设计目标.......................................................................................................... 6 2.3车道设备设计参数.......................................................................................... 6 2.4收费系统供电设计参数.................................................................................. 6 2.5系统指标.......................................................................................................... 7 2.6 ETC车道系统实现方式.................................................................................. 7 2.7本章小结.......................................................................................................... 7 3 电子不停车收费车道子系统和车载电路的设计.................................................... 8
3.1 不停车收费系统（ETC)构成......................................................................... 8
3.1.1 车道天线、路侧读写控制器.............................................................. 8 3.1.2 收费计算机系统.................................................................................. 8 3.1.3 车道外围设备...................................................................................... 9 3.2 不停车收费系统（ETC)功能......................................................................... 9 3.3车载单元（OBU）.......................................................................................... 10
3.3.1 MCU与射频芯片的接口通讯............................................................. 10 3.3.2 电源电路的设计................................................................................ 10 3.3.3车载唤醒电路的设计......................................................................... 10 3.4 本章小结....................................................................................................... 11 4 收费车道控制系统的设计与联系.......................................................................... 12
4.1 ETC微波天线及处理器A/B......................................................................... 12 4.2 ETC自动栏杆................................................................................................ 14 4.3 ETC车道信息屏............................................................................................ 14 4.4 ETC雨棚信号灯............................................................................................ 15 4.5车辆检测器.................................................................................................... 16 4.6各设备之间的联系........................................................................................ 17
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