摘 要
本文以霍林河南露天矿工作帮和南端帮的地质环境条件为基础，以滑坡稳定性影响因素和变形破坏特征分析为辅应用PLAXIS分析软件对该边坡的稳定性防治措施进行了深入研究。研究认为，该边坡未开挖之前处于非常稳定的状态，但随着开挖的逐步进行，原设计最终边坡角不能满足边坡安全储备系数要求，为避免由于煤层开采而导致的不可预测的边坡失稳事故，选取典型地质剖面为底图抽象出用于计算的模型，在工程地质勘察、岩土物理力学性质试验、节理化岩体强度确定及边坡变形破坏机理研究的基础上，进行边坡的稳定性计算与分析，提出最优边坡角。
关键词：南露天矿 边坡稳定性，PLAXIS，安全储备系数
I
Abstract
This study was based on the geological circumstance condition of working side and south side in Huolinhe South open pit mine, as well as analyzing influencing factors of the slope stability and the character of deformation and failure, and then used PLAXIS software to research the prevention measures of this slope stability. This study concluded that the slope was stable before excavation, but in pace with excavating, the original design final side slope angle cannot satisfy the side slope safety margin coefficient request, the side slope jitter accident which which causes as a result of coal bed mining for avoids not to be possible to be forecast, select end of typical geological sections for abstracting the model used for calculation, in engineering geological survey, ground testing, physical and mechanical properties of jointed rock slope deformation and failure mechanism and strength determines on the basis of the study, slope stability calculation and analysis of proposed optimal slope angle.
Keyword: south open pit mine ,the slope stability ,PLAXIS, safety margin coefficient
II
目 录
摘 要 ........................................................... I Abstract ........................................................... II 1 绪论 .............................................................. 1
1.1边坡稳定性研究的历史 ........................................ 1 1.2问题的提出 .................................................. 2 1.3国内外边坡稳定性研究现状 .................................... 4 1.3.1国外边坡工程稳定性的研究 ................................. 4 1.3.2我国边坡工程稳定性研究 ................................... 5 1.3.3露天矿边坡的变形破坏机制与变形阶段研究现状 ............... 6 1.3.5滑坡防治措施研究现状 .................................... 12 1.4论文研究的主要内容 ......................................... 13 1.4.1论文的研究思路 .......................................... 13 1.4.2本文主要研究内容 ........................................ 13 2 土的本构理论和非线性有限元方法................................... 14
2.1土体本构理论概述 ........................................... 14 2.2边坡稳定分析中的非线性有限元方法 ........................... 16 2.2.1边坡稳定分析中非线性有限元法类别 ........................ 16 2.2.2应用非线性有限元法进行边坡稳定分析的优点 ................ 18 3边坡工程地质背景 ................................................. 22
3.1 自然地理 ................................................... 22 3.1.1地理及交通 .............................................. 22 3.1.2地形地貌 ................................................ 22 3.1.3 气候条件 ................................................ 22 3.2研究区地质情况 ............................................. 24 3.2.1 地层岩性 ................................................ 24 3.2.2地层组合特征 ............................................ 27 3.3研究区构造 ................................................. 29 3.3.1 区域地质构造概况 ........................................ 29 3.3.2霍林河煤田区域地质构造 .................................. 29
III
3.3.3南露天矿地质构造 ........................................ 31 3.4 水文地质条件 ............................................... 33 3.4.1 含水层 .................................................. 33 3.4.2 隔水层 .................................................. 33 3.4.3 断层导水性 .............................................. 34 3.5边坡构造分析 ............................................... 34 3.6岩土体工程地质特征 ......................................... 35 3.6.1边坡岩层组合特点 ........................................ 35 3.6.2岩石的物理力学特性 ...................................... 35 3.7风化带的划分 ............................................... 38 3.8岩土体结构类型的划分 ....................................... 39 4 地质模型的选取与建立 ............................................. 41
4.1边坡稳定性诸多因素分析 ..................................... 41 4.2边坡稳定性的PLAXIS数值模拟研究 ............................ 42 4.2.1计算方法的确定 .......................................... 42 4.2.2数值模拟方法简述 ........................................ 44 4.3计算剖面与模型建立 ......................................... 44 4.3.1数值模拟模型建立及材料力学参数的选取 .................... 44 4.3.2 模拟分析 ................................................ 52 5 采场边坡稳定性计算及稳定性评价................................... 54
5.1边坡滑坡模式的确定 ......................................... 54 5.2 边坡稳定性计算方法选取 ..................................... 55 5.3 边坡计算指标的选取 ......................................... 56 5.4安全储备系数的确定 ......................................... 58 5.5 分析计算结果 ............................................... 58 5.6 工作帮及端帮边坡稳定性评价................................. 63 5.7关于采矿场边坡的建议 ....................................... 65 6 结论与展望 ....................................................... 66
6.1结论 ....................................................... 66 6.2 展望 ....................................................... 66
IV
参考文献： ......................................................... 67 作 者 简 历 ....................................................... 69 学位论文数据集 ..................................................... 71
V