分类号 UDC 单位代码 10644 密 级 公 开 学 号 2009050217
学士学位论文
基于单片机的指纹识别系统设计
The Design of fingerprint identification System Based on
Single Chip
论文作者： 赵建康
指导教师： 易 鸿 系 别： 物理与工程技术系 专 业： 电子科学与技术 提交论文日期： 2013年 5 月 日 论文答辩日期： 2013年 5 月 日 学位授予单位： 四川文理学院
中 国 ? 达 州
摘 要
随着信息时代的发展, 自动指纹识别技术已经广泛地应用于公安、海关、银行、网络安全等需要进行身份识别领域。本文概述了自动指纹识别系统的研究现状和发展状况，介绍了指纹识别系统的算法流程，以及在此基础上的指纹图像的分割算法和指纹图像细化算法。并完成基于单片机的指纹识别系统硬件电路设计。
本文应用ZMF-206指纹识别模块，设计基于单片机的指纹识别硬件电路系统，形成一个独立的指纹识别控制系统。该系统能够实现单片机和指纹模块之间的串口通信，通过操作独立式键盘按键，向指纹模块的DSP芯片发送相应指令，从而执行录入用户、添加用户、认证用户、删除指定用户、删除全部用户、用户匹配等功能，适用于需要进行身份识别的领域。
关键词：控制系统；指纹识别；单片机；串口通信
Abstract
With the development of the information age, automatic fingerprint identification technology has been widely used in public security, customs, bank, network security, and other areas of the identification is required. This paper summarizes the research status and development status of automatic fingerprint identification system, the algorithm flow of the fingerprint identification system are introduced, and on the basis of the fingerprint image segmentation algorithm, and fingerprint image thinning algorithm. And finish the fingerprint identification system based on single chip microcomputer hardware circuit design.
ZMF-206 fingerprint identification module is applied in this article, the design for fingerprint recognition based on single chip microcomputer hardware circuit system, fingerprint identification control system to form an independent. The system can realize serial communication between SCM and fingerprint module, by manipulating the independent type keyboard key, to the fingerprint module of DSP chip to send corresponding instructions, to perform input user, add users, authenticate the user, delete to specify user, delete all user, user matching, and other functions, applicable to the need for identification of areas.
Key words: control system; Fingerprint identification; Serial Communications; MCU (Microcontroller Unit)
目录
第一章 绪论 ..................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1研究的背景及意义 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2指纹识别技术 .................................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1指纹识别技术发展现状 ........................................................................................ 1 1.2.2指纹识别技术的特点 ............................................................................................ 2 1.3本课题的内容 .................................................................................................................... 3 第二章 指纹识别系统实现原理 ..................................................................................................... 3
2.1人类指纹特征 .................................................................................................................... 3
2.1.1 指纹的总体特征 ................................................................................................... 3 2.1.2指纹的局部特征 .................................................................................................... 5 2.2指纹图像的分割 ................................................................................................................ 5
2.2.1指纹图像分割概述 ................................................................................................ 5 2.2.2均值方差法 ............................................................................................................ 7 2.3指纹图像的细化 ................................................................................................................ 8
2.3.1指纹图像细化的预处理 ........................................................................................ 8 2.3.2指纹图像细化方法计算 ........................................................................................ 9 2.4指纹图像的匹配 .............................................................................................................. 10 第三章 指纹识别系统硬件设计 ................................................................................................... 11
3.1系统总体设计 .................................................................................................................. 11
3.1.1指纹识别系统功能简述 ...................................................................................... 11 3.1.2系统核心部件单片机 .......................................................................................... 11 3.2指纹识别系统电路设计 .................................................................................................. 12 3.3硬件系统组成模块电路 .................................................................................................. 12
3.3.1下载口模块 .......................................................................................................... 12 3.3.2显示模块 .............................................................................................................. 13 3.3.3电源模块 .............................................................................................................. 13 3.3.4时钟模块 .............................................................................................................. 14 3.3.5复位模块 .............................................................................................................. 14 3.4指纹模块 .......................................................................................................................... 15
3.4.1ZMF-206指纹识别模块 ........................................................................................ 15
第四章 软件系统设计 ................................................................................................................... 17
4.ZFM-206指纹识别模块指令系统 ...................................................................................... 17
4.1.1通信方式 .............................................................................................................. 17 4.1.2主要通讯协议命令说明 ...................................................................................... 18 4.2单片机的程序设计流程图 .............................................................................................. 21 第五章 实物的制作与系统调试 ................................................................................................... 22
5.1 硬件材料 ......................................................................................................................... 22 5.2 硬件的焊接与组装 ......................................................................................................... 22
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