go to the campus bookstore to buy used books （考点：不带to的不定式）
19) We did nothing _______________(除了整天打桥牌). but play bridge the whole day （考点：同上）
20) We were made _______________(进屋之前在垫子上擦擦脚). to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room
（考点：当动词see, make, hear等用于被动语态时，不定式要保留to） 七、分词
1) This is the first time that I heard _______________(用意大利语唱“祝你生日快乐”). “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian（考点：分词作宾语补语）（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等动词常用分词形式作宾语补语） 2) The cars _______________(停在消防通道的) will be ticketed. parked in the fire lane（考点：分词作定语）
3) The war went on for years, _______________(夺去了成千上万人的生命). killing thousands upon thousands of people （考点：分词作结果状语）
4) The farmers used a new insecticide, thus _______________(将平均产量提高了15%). raising the average yield by 15 percent （考点：同上）
5) Einstein watched the toy in delight, _______________(想推导出它的运转原理). trying to deduce its operating principle （考点：分词作伴随状语）
6) _______________(看到大家都在聚精会神地看书), we stopped talking and began to study. Seeing that everyone was bending over his/her book （考点：分词作原因状语）
7) _______________(被这个男孩的事迹深深打动了), they decided to pay for his education. Deeply moved by the boy’s deeds （考点：同上）
8) _______________(从一个年轻朋友的眼光来看), Einstein was a simple, modest and ordinary man.
Seen from the eyes of a young friend（考点：分词作方式状语）
9) _______________(好久没有收到父母的来信了), he was worried about them. Not having heard from his parents for a long time
（考点：1. 分词作原因状语；2.分词的否定形式；3.现在分词的完成式） 八、动名词
1) _______________(每天洗冷水澡) does him a lot of good. Taking a cold bath every day （考点：动名词作主语）
2) They tried to avoid _______________(让女儿做她不喜欢的事情).
making their daughter do what she didn’t like to do （考点：动名词作动词的宾语） （下列动词后的宾语只能是动名词而不能是不定式：admit, advise, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, dread, encourage, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, can’t help, imagine, keep, mind, miss, permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, recall, recollect, resent, resist, risk, can’t stand, stop, suggest）
3) Developing varieties is the key to _______________(使我们的产品进入国际市场). getting our goods into the international market（考点：动名词作介词的宾语） 4) It is no use _______________(为洒了的牛奶而哭泣). crying over spilled milk
（考点：动名词用于固定结构。动名词经常与以下词组连用：be worth, have difficulty (in), it be no good/use/worthwhile, there be no need/no point in, how/what about, what’s the point of, what’s the use of）
5) He denied_______________(偷看了同桌的试卷). having peeked at his neighbor’s test paper （考点：动名词的完成式）
6) We congratulated her on _______________(被提升为经理). being promoted to manager （考点：动名词的被动式） 九、非谓语动词用法区别
1) Success means _______________(非常努力地工作). working very hard.
（考点：mean表示“意味着”）
2) John meant _______________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). to drive there, but his car broke down （考点：mean表示“打算”）（类似需要区别的动词还有forget, remember, regret, go on, stop等）
3) I heard him _______________(在跟他的母亲谈话). talking to his mother
（考点：强调正在进行）
4) I heard him _______________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). talk to his mother for an hour （考点：强调整个过程）
5) He jumped into the pool to save the child _______________(结果却摔断了自己的腿). only to break his own leg （考点：意料之外的结果）
6) He jumped from the burning house, _______________(摔断了双腿). breaking his legs
（考点：意料之中的结果）
7) He was happy _______________(看到父母很健康). to see his parents in good health
（考点：不定式作原因状语位于句末）
8) _______________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. Seeing his parents safe and sound
（考点：分词作原因状语位于句首）
9) _______________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. Following its footprints
（考点：现在分词强调主动）
10) The pop, _______________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. followed by two body guards
（考点：过去分词强调被动） 十、名词从句
1) _______________(他们为什么离开家乡去云南) is still a secret. Why they left their hometown for Yunnan （考点：主语从句）
2) _______________(最让我不解的) was that he spoke English so well. What confused me most （考点：同上）
3) _______________(这么做是故意的) became obvious. That this was done on purpose （考点：同上）
4) It is not clear yet _______________(谁应该为这件事负责). who should be responsible for this matter
（考点：较长的主语从句可以后置，用it作形式主语）
5) It is none of your business _______________(玛丽与谁订婚). whom Mary is engaged to （考点：同上）
6) Don’t put off till tomorrow _______________(今天能做的事). what can be done today （考点：宾语从句）
7) This novel is just _______________(我一直在寻找的). what I have been looking for （考点：表语从句）
8) It is not yet known _______________(机器人是否有一天能拥有象人一样的视力). whether/if robots will one day have vision as good as human vision （考点：whether/if引导后置的主语从句）
9) _______________(她是否喜欢那个礼物) is not clear to me. Whether she likes the present
（考点：whether引导前置的主语从句）
10) My main problem right now is _______________(我是否应该请求另一笔贷款). whether I should ask for another loan （考点：whether引导表语从句）
11) It all depends on _______________(他们是否会支持我们). whether they will support us
（考点：whether引导宾语从句）
12) You have yet to answer my question _______________(我是否可以指望你的投票). whether I can count on your vote （考点：whether引导同位语从句） （9-12中的whether不可以替换为if）
13) Finally, the workers got an answer _______________(政府做不了什么事来提高他们工资). that the government could do nothing to raise their wages（考点：同位语从句） 14) Obviously, there was little certainty _______________(主席会同意他的提议). that the chairman would agree to this proposal （考点：同上） 十一、定语从句
1) Everyday many tourists come to visit _______________(鲁迅出生的那栋房子). the house where Lu Xun was born
（考点：先行词为地点，定语从句通常由where引导）
2) The old lady died _______________(在她儿子到达的那天). on the day when his son arrived
（考点：先行词为时间，定语从句通常由when引导） 3) This is _______________(我赞成这一改革的理由). the reason why I am in favor of this reform
（考点：先行词为reason，定语从句通常由why引导） 4) Let ABC be _______________(一个三边不等长的三角形). a triangle whose three sides are of unequal length （考点：whose引导的定语从句）
5) Some of the roads were flooded, _______________(这使我们的旅程更为艰难). which made our journey more difficult （考点：非限制性定语从句）
6) He introduced me to his students, _______________(他们大部分是英语专业的学生). most of whom were English majors （考点：同上） 7) _______________(众所周知), water is a liquid. As is known to all
（考点：as 引导的定语从句） 十二、状语从句
1) _______________(不管我们谈论什么), Jim brings polities into the discussion. Whatever we talk about （考点：让步状语从句）
2) _______________(不管哪一方获胜), I shall be satisfied. Whichever side wins （考点：同上）
3) _______________(不管观众中的一些人如何使劲地难为他), the comedian always had a quick, sharp reply.
However hard some people in the audience tried to upset him（考点：同上） 4) We climbed high _______________(这样我们就可以看到更好的风景). so that we might get a better view （考点：目的状语从句）
5) The problem so very complicated _______________(花了我们两个周才解决). that it took us nearly two weeks to solve it （考点：结果状语从句）
6) You can go out _______________(只要你答应晚上11点以前回来).
as long as you promise to be back before 11 at night （考点：条件状语从句） 7) I remember the whole thing _______________(仿佛是昨天发生的). as if it happened yesterday （考点：方式状语从句） 十三、比较级最高级
1) Does she dance _______________(跟她姐姐一样地优美)? as gracefully as her sister（考点：同级比较）
2) The buildings look _______________(在伦敦比在这儿难看得多). far uglier in London than here
（考点：用副词或词组来修饰比较级）
3) This is _______________(他画的最好的画之一).
one of the best pictures that he has ever painted （考点：最高级） 4) The higher you climb, _______________(空气就越稀薄). the thinner the air becomes
（考点：“越……越……”结构） 十四、倒装句
1) Scarcely had she fallen asleep _______________(一阵敲门声就把她吵醒). when a knock at the door awakened her （考点：Hardly…when…结构）
2) No sooner had Anne arrived _______________(就生病了). than she fell ill
（考点：No sooner…than…结构）
3) The husband was not hospitable to the visitor. _______________(他妻子也没说一句欢迎的话).
Nor did the wife say a word of welcome.
（考点：nor表示“后者与前者一样地不……”）
4) Only then _______________(那个医生才意识到他的病人需要手术). did the doctor realize that his patient needed surgery （考点：only引导的状语位于句首，句子倒装）
5) Only when you adjust down your price _______________(我们才能做成这笔买卖). can we conclude the business（考点：同上） 十五、强调句
1) _______________(正是Jefferson写下了)the Declaration of Independence. It was Jefferson who wrote （考点：强调主语）
2) _______________(作者是带着真挚的情感)praises all that is progressive. It is with genuine feeling that the author（考点：强调状语）
3) _______________(正是因为水涨了)we could not cross the river. It was because the water had risen that（考点：强调状语从句）
4) _______________(人们听见正是Jim 这个无情的家伙) shouting at his mother in the dead of night.
It was Jim, the heartless fellow, who was heard（考点：强调主语）
5) _______________(直到我告诉她) Mrs. Williams knew anything about it It was not until I told her that（考点：强调状语从句）