人教版八年级英语下册单元知识点总结及语法汇总(5)

2020-04-17 04:15

(3)询问有关人们感觉的一般性问题,可以用Do you mind…?通常不用Would you mind…? 如:

Do you mind people smoking in your house? 你介意别人在你家里吸烟吗? 这里不能说Would you mind people smoking in your house?

(4)这个句型的否定形式是在mind后加not,即Would you mind not…?或Do you mind not…?

如:

Would you mind not playing basketball here? 你不要在这打篮球好吗? Would you mind not wearing those old jeans?

(5)回答Do/Would you mind…? 提出的问题时,表示允许要说No或Not at all等; 如果介意要做肯定回答Yes. 或Yes,I’m sorry,but I do.等, 如:

--Do you mind if I ask you a question? 我可以问你的一个问题吗? --No,please do.可以,请问吧。

2. 通常既可用whether 也可用if 表示―是否‖来引导从句,常置于see,ask,learn,tell,wonder,doubt,find out等动词之后。 如:

I'm not sure whether /if I'll have time. 我不敢肯定我是否会有时间。 He asked me whether/if I could help him. I want to know whether/if he lives there. 只能使用whether的场合

(1)只有whether能用在介词后面 如:

Success depends on whether we make enough effort. (2)在英语中与or (not) 连用的词通常是whether 如:

Whether we help him or not,he will fail. 不论我们帮助他与否, 他都将失败。 (3)带to的动词不定式前用whether,而不用if 如:

Please tell us whether to go or stay here.请告诉我们是走还是留。

They didn’t know whether to agree or keep silent. 他们不知道是应该同意还是保持沉默。

(4)whether可置于句首引导主语从句,而if不能 如:

Whether the meeting will be in Beijing is not known yet. 会议是否在北京举行还不得而知。

It's not sure whether he is free. 他是否有时间不确定。

3. get on / get off ( a / the bus,train,boat,plane) 上/下(公共汽车、火车、船、飞机) 如:

She got on / off the bus quickly.

get on还可以表示为:相处融洽、继续。 如:

Get on with your work! 继续工作吧!

I get on well with all my classmates. 我和所有的同学相处都很融洽。 get的其它的用法:

(1)表示―到达,抵达‖,如果后接表示到达某地的名词,get后面要接介词to,如果get后接的是地点副词就可以直接在get后使用。 如:

She got there at six.

她六点钟到达那里。(there为地点副词)

When we got to the station, the bus was waiting.

当我们到达车站时,汽车还在等着。(the station是名词) (2)get sth. done使;受;让人做好;经历;让;做(该做的事) 如:

I'll just get these dishes washed and then I'll come. 我得把盘子洗了,然后就来。 I must get the television fixed. 我必须请人修理一下这台电视机。 (3)get与宾语+形容词连用,其意思是―使某物/某人成为‖ 如:

I got my feet wet. 我把脚弄湿了。

It's time to get the kids ready for school. 该给孩子们收拾好去上学了。 (4)成为 如:

My hands are getting cold. 我的手冷。 The food's getting cold. 菜凉了。

This skirt is getting dirty;it needs washing. 这件短裙脏了,该洗一洗了。 He is getting old. 他渐渐老了。 (5)获得,取得 如:

I must get some fruit in the market. 我得在市场上买点水果。

I'll get something to eat before I got out. 我出去之前要找点东西吃。 Unit 7

Would you mind turning down the music? 表达不满意

委婉,礼貌地提出请求。 表示歉意 1.祈使句

First, peel the bananas and cut them up .Then put the milk into the blender… 2. how many/ how much 引导的特殊疑问句 How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need ?

cut, up , into , cup, watermelon, instruction, salt, add, sandwich, bread, butter, top, check, duck , pancake

pour , mix , popcorn, boil, turkey, slice, sauce, roll

shake, blender, amount, yogurt, ingredient, peel, teaspoon, relish, finally , popper, lettuce, super, recipe

milk shake , turn on , cup up , mix up , add…to…,green onion 中,西方礼仪的差异

1. turn down (音量)放小,(光线)调暗 turn up (音量)放大,(光线)调亮 turn on 打开(开关、按钮) turn off 关(开关、按钮) 2. not at all 一点也不

3. right away = in a minute 立刻,马上 4. do/wash the dishes 洗碗 5. put on 穿上(动作)

6. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 7. make posters 制作海报

8. have a long telephone conversation 煲电话粥 9. wait in line 排队 10. cut in line 插队

11. follow sb. around 跟在某人周围

12. get mad = get annoy = get angry 生气,感到恼火 13. try (not) to do sth. 尽力(不去)做某事 14. seem like 看上去像?? 15. even if/though 尽管、即使 16. take care = be careful 小心 17. in public places 在公众场合 18. in public 公开地,当众地 19. break the rule 不遵守规则 20. put out 熄灭

21. pick up 捡起、拾起

Unit 8 Why don’t you get her a scarf? 【单元目标】

Ⅱ.目标句型:

1. What should I get for sb…? 2. How about sth./doing sth.? 3. How do you like sth.? 4. What about sth./doing sth.? 5. Why don’t you buy/get…? 6. Why not buy/get…?

7. They’re too expensive/cheap/personal… 8. Great!/Good idea!/OK…. I’ll get/buy… 9. My best gift is… 10. It’s good for sb. to… 11. It can make sb…. Ⅲ.重点句型

1. Why don’t sb. do sth.? 2. How about结构 3. too…to结构 【重点词汇】 1. improve

作不及物动词,表示―改进,改善‖ 例如:

His work is improving slowly. 他的工作提高得很慢。 His health is improving. 他的健康正在好转。 也可作及物动词,表示―使某物改进,改善‖。

例如:

He studies harder to improve his English. 他更加努力提高英语水平了。 This is not good enough. I want to improve it. 这还不够好,我要加以改进。 2. remember v. 记住,记起

I can’t remember your name. 我记不起你的名字。 As far as I can remember,this is the third time we’ve met. 我记得这是我们第三次会面了。

remember doing sth表示―记得做某事‖;动名词doing具有完成的意义 I remember taking (having taken) the medicine at the right time. 我记得已按时服过药了。(吃过了)

remember to do sth表示―记住去做某事‖;不定式to do表示未做的动作 I remember to take the medicine at the right time. 我记住要按照服药。(还没吃) 3. too…to,这个短语虽然是肯定的形式,但是表达的是否定的意思:―太…以至于(不能)…‖。 如:

He is too old to work. 他太老了,不能工作了。

The box is too heavy for the little girl to carry. 这箱子太重,小女孩搬不动。 如在too前面或者后面有否定词not,则整个句子表达肯定。 如:

This question is not too difficult to answer. 这道题不太难回答。 He is too clever not to see that. 他很聪明,不会不懂这一点。 4. spend…on 在…上花(时间或金钱) 如:

He spends a lot of money on books. 他花许多钱买书。

I spend half an hour on my homework every day. 我每天要花费半小时做作业。 I always spend weekends with my family. 我经常和我的家人一起过周末。

spend…(in) doing sth.花(时间或金钱等)做某事。 如:

The government will spend money looking after the patients.政府要花钱去照料那些病人

5. instead 代替,替代

作副词,常放在句首或句末 It’s too hot to walk,we’ll go swimming instead. 太热不宜散步,我们改去游泳。 The girl stopped watching TV,she danced instead now. 那个女孩不看电视了,而去跳舞了。

He is tired,let me go instead. 他累了,让我替他去吧。

instead of后跟名词、代词或动名词,表示―代替……,而不是……‖。 例如:

He’ll go to Italy instead of France. 他要去意大利而不去法国。 I’ll go instead of him. 我将代替他去。

He played the whole afternoon instead of doing his homework. 他玩了一下午而没做作业。 6. touch 触,碰

The branches of the tree touched the water. 树枝碰到了水面。

Visitors are not allowed to touch the exhibits. 参观者请勿触摸展览品。 Don’t touch that pot;it’s very hot. 不要摸那口锅,它很烫。 常用短语:in touch with 有联系;对某事熟悉 lose touch 失去联系,停止联系 out of touch 无联系;生疏 7. native 本地的,本族的,本国的

Chinese is our native language. 汉语是我们的母语。 It’s a native fruit. 这是一种当地产的水果。 one’s native country / land 本国,祖国 native place 出生地

one’s native language 本国语,本族语

反义词:foreign 外国的;外交的;外国产的;外来的 8. increase 增加,增大,增多

Travel increases one’s knowledge of the world. 旅游提高一个人对世界的认识。 He increased the size of his farm year by year. 他逐年扩大他的农场规模。 The population of this town has increased by 5 percent. 这个镇的人口已经增长了5%。 常用短语: increase by 增加了…… increase to…… 增加到…… 9. support 支持;继续;养活

He has a large family to support. 他有一大家子人要养活。 He was supported home by the man. 他被那个人扶回了家。 support 还可作名词,表示―拥护;支持‖

There is strong public support for the change. 公众大力支持这一变革。 10. enough 意为―充足,足够‖

enough作副词,可用于修饰形容词、副词、动词等,通常置于被修饰语之后。 I don’t know him well enough to ask him for help. 我和他不够熟悉,不好请他帮忙。 This room is big enough for five of us to live in. 这房间给我们5个人住够大了。 enough还可作形容词,用于修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,置于名词前或后均可。

Do you have enough time? 你的时间够用吗?

We have money enough to buy the house. 我们有足够的钱买这所房子。 11. take care of 表示―照顾,照料,爱惜‖是及物的动词短语。

During the illness of their mother the children were taken care of by a neighbor. 在孩子们的母亲患病期间,他们由一位邻居照顾。

A good car should last you a long time if you take care of it. 如果你爱惜的话,一部好汽车会让你长时间使用。

She ought to take care of her health more than she does. 她该比现在更注意健康。 【重难点分析】

1. Why don’t you do sth.?

这是给别人提建议,建议某人做什么事情的句型。 如:

Why don't we come more often? 咱们为什么不经常来这里呢?' Why don't you do it this way? 为什么不用这种方法做呢?


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