前哲流风 日新其格 澧县一中2012届高三英语二轮复习阅读简答 编者： 审定：
作者在叙述过程中往往会融入人物的语言、行为、心理的描写，这在一定程度上增加了考生理解文章的难度。这时，考生必须理清上下文的脉络，对人物的语言、行为、心理等给出合理的想象和推理，并仔细揣摩作者的用意，从而透彻理解文意，达到对语境的准确理解，这样才能准确有效地快速找到答题所需的有效信息句。
Example 1 My First Long Run
Two weeks ago, I had a quarrel with my husband .After he had driven off in anger, I realized that I wasn’t going to feel any better just sitting there. Feeling abandoned and guilty, I put on my gym shoes to get some fresh air.
Our driveway has a slope(斜坡) that is easier just to jog down if you are lazy, taking advantage of gravity. Instead of stopping at the end of the lope, I decided to see if I could just jog to the end of the street. I had tried a few moths ago and failed miserably. Since that first attempt I had been jogging regularly and was significantly fitter, but still very lazy. However this time around I managed to reach the stop sign with ease and I figured I would go a little further.
After about one kilometer, however, I noticed that my upper body was tense . To make the movement easier I had to relax my body, and tried to take deep breaths of fresh air.
I kept giving myself the excuse to stop. No one would be disappointed. No one would even know. But I didn’t stop . I wanted to keep going harder, better, faster, stronger, To my great surprise, I ran 4.9 km in 31 minutes. When I got back, I had tears in my eyes. I did some thing I thought I could never do.
It was the first run of my life. Since then, I have improved my stride(步幅) and time. After every run I feel fitter, happier and motivated to keep progressing. I love the runner’s high. I normally jog because I want to look good. I want to run because it makes me feel good.
1. Why did the author feel guilty? (NO more than 9 words) (2 marks)
____________________________________________________________ ___________ 2. What did the author fail to do miserably a few months ago? (NO more than 11 words)(2 marks)
____________________________________________________________ __________ 3. What excuses did the author keep giving herself to stop? (NO more than 9 words)(3 marks)
____________________________________________________________ ____________ 4. How is running different from jogging to the author? (NO more than 14words) (3 marks)
____________________________________________________________ ____________
体裁探究二 说明文
说明文也是阅读简答题常见的体裁之一。把握说明文的语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明文的常见写作顺序有：时间顺序(指先后顺序)，空间顺序(从局部到整体，从上到下，从内到外)，逻辑顺序(前因后果，先果后因，先主后次)，认识顺序(由此及彼，由浅入深，由具体到抽象，由现象到本质)。文章通常层次清晰，整体性强，易读易懂。
Example 2
For more than 40 years, robots have worked in factories, doing jobs too boring or too dangerous for humans. Now, new robots are starting to help humans at home and at work.
It was an exciting night at the Detroit Symphony(交响乐). A special guest was joining the band. The conductor
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stepped out onto the stage and lifted both arms to direct the musicians. They played a song called ―The Impossible Dream‖ .The audience was amazed. After all, ASIMO, the conductor, is only eight years old and four f eet tall. It’s just one of many robots being developed to perform tasks that humans usually perform.
Japan has more robots than any other country. Four out of every 10 worker robots are there. The Japanese government is spending millions of dollars building even more robots. Why the rush for more electronic helpers? More than one-fifth of Japan’s population is 65 or older, so there are not enough young people in the workforce.
Many of Japan’s robots are designed to interact with people. One Japanese hospital has three shiny robots that help out in the waiting room. They greet patients and give directions. ―Robots won’t ever be doctors,‖ says hospital spokesperson Naoya Narita. ―But they can be guides.‖
Since the 1960s, robots have been doing jobs that are too boring or too dangerous for humans. Some stand for long hours in factories, packaging food or putting together cars. Others milk cows on dairy farms all day long. However, these industrial robots don’t look like humans.
Now that robots are moving into our homes, many are starting to look more like us. Trevor Blackwell’s company, Anybots, makes robots. He built a dish-washing robot called Monty. It is as tall as a person and has
human-like hands. Will the robots of the future look more like machines or people? Either way, Blackwell is happy to let them do the chores. ―I’d rather have a robot do dishes,‖ he says. Wouldn’t you?
1．Why did the audience feel shocked at the Detroit Symphony? (no more than 6 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________ 2．What is the reason why the Japanese are building so many robots? (no more than 9 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________ 3．How can the robot Monty help people？(no more than 7 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________ 4．What is the passage mainly about？(no more than 9 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________
体裁探究二 其它文体
阅读简答题选取的材料还有议论文和新闻报道两种。其中所选取的议论文通常有两类：一是先
分析人们习以为常的现象，指出其中的谬误，然后阐述自己的观点；二是开门见山地点明要阐述的观点，然后通过类比等手段来证明该观点。掌握议论文的特点，把握好作者在文章中所阐述的观点利于快速把握全文脉络，准确找到有效的答题信息句。
时事新闻类阅读材料往往语言地道、内容时新。新闻阅读材料都由标题(Headlines)、导语(Introductions)、背景(Background)、主体(Main body)和结尾(Ends)五部分构成。此类文章主题突出，文章的第一句话或第一段往往就是对整篇文章的高度概括，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。阅读时，要善于捕捉新闻细节，根据问题善于找到相关句并能分析理解长难句，从而在归纳、概括、推理的基础上准确谴词组句作答。
Example 3
Many of the problems facing today’s world aren’t news to us. The environment is in dire need of help because
it’s being damaged, hunger is widespread throughout the world, and workers in the Third World Countries are continuously being exploited. Therefore, individuals across the globe need to band(团结)together for a cause and use their collective efforts to make all the difference in the world.
For instance, one person recycling a can or a bottle doesn’t seem like much. But if every household in a given city was to recycle and conserve energy, that city could make a huge positive impact on environmental damage. Similarly, there are countless ways to help fight world hunger—whether it’s to donate money to a dedicated
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worldwide charity, donate canned goods to your local charity, or even make lifestyle changes like going vegetarian. World hunger is a massive problem—but it doesn’t mean individuals themselves can’t make a difference.
Worker exploitation is another huge problem. All across the world—particularly in the Third World Countries—workers are forced to labor long hours, with close to no pay. Yet these workers continue to show up to such a way of life, because they have no other options.
So, how can people like us help fight such a big problem? Simply raising awareness of the products you buy in stores—from clothing to food—is a massive start. For example, if you see two similar products side by side in a food shop, but one of them is labeled ―fair trade‖, you’ll know immediately that the workers who labored to produce that product were given a fair price for their goods. And true, fair trade products might cost a little bit more, but buying them is a significant start to help fight worker exploitation.
In short, each of us should be socially conscious to make a difference to widespread social problems. 1.What problems facing today’s world are mentioned in the first paragraph？(no more than 8 words) ____________________________________________________________ ____________ 2.What should be done to fight world hunger? (no more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________ 3.How is the product which is labeled“fair trade”different from other products? (no more than 13 words) ____________________________________________________________ ____________ 4.What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 15 words)
____________________________________________________________ ____________
Example 4
A husband-and-wife team from California reached the Pacific Ocean after a 4,900-mile cross-country walk,
becoming the first to backpack the American Discovery Trail in one continuous walk.
Marcia and Ken Powers started the travel across 13 states, through 14 national parks and 16 national forests on Feb.27 from Delaware. Nearly eight months later, the excited couple walked through water into the Pacific Ocean, a day ahead of time.
We are a little sad that a great adventure is over. It was a fantastic adventure. And now we go home and just do housework. It’s really sad, said Marcia, who is in her 50s. She and her 60-year-old husband traversed cities, desert,
mountains and farmland before reaching the Pacific with arms around each other’s backpacks.
They overcame deep snow in the East, a quicksand in Utah, close lightning strikes in the Midwest and strong desert sandstorms in the West while averaging 22 miles a day and taking only four days’ rest. But they enjoyed the French history of St. Louis, the beauty of the Colorado Rockies and the kindness of strangers they met along the way.
They particularly remember two brothers—a doctor and a dentist—who put them up in their homes around. Chester, Ⅲ., after terrible days, and a motorcyclists who gave them water after they failed to find any on Utah’s lonely Wah Wah desert.
―Americans are truly warm-hearted and wonderful,‖ Marcia Powers said. ―We got to meet people that we would never meet in our daily lives at home. We got to touch it with our feet and hands and smell all its smell and hear its wildlife. It’s a amazing country,‖ she added.
1．How long did it take the couple to cover 4,900 miles on foot？(no more than 3 words)
____________________________________________________________ ___________________ 2．Why did the couple hug each other after reaching the Pacific? (no more than 8 words)
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____________________________________________________________ _____________ 3．Use at least three adjectives to describe the couple’s journey. (no more than 4 words)
____________________________________________________________ _____________ 4．What is the best title for the text？(no more than 9 words)
____________________________________________________________ _____________
阅读简答实战演练
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
Passage1
Secret Santas
On Christmas morning, Linda wakes up, and tries to imagine the wide-eyed surprise of children in another household as they unwrap the presents she carefully chose for them. Linda has never met the children, but that’s all
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part of the joy of giving as secret Santas, she says.
“It’s an amazing feeling to buy gifts on an anonymous (匿名的) basis,” says Linda. “It brings a whole new meaning to the holidays.”
Linda and Tony are an American couple living in Toronto, Canada, and Linda did charitable work as a member of the American Women's Club of Toronto. As the name suggests, members are U.S. citizens living in Toronto, who join together for fellowship and community service.
To find her “adopted” family, Linda goes to the local schools and requests a wish list for a family that's struggling to survive. Last year she helped a single mother with three children. The mother works as a cleaning lady in a nursing home.
“The list is always heartbreaking. They have an opportunity to ask for anything and do just the opposite, asking for basic clothes or simple toys,” she says.“\” She also buys gifts for the parents.
Last year Linda asked the mother for a second wish list--one that didn't include the basics. “Every child should have a Christmas that sticks with them for a lifetime.”She purchased iPads for the two older children and a video game system for the youngest.“I have learned a very valuable lesson in all of this,”says Linda. “Pay attention to what's going on in your own backyard--no matter where you live.‖
The joy of giving as secret Santas is much sweeter when the gift is anonymous.
1. What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have? (No more than 5 words) (2 marks)
2. Why did Linda join the American Women's Club of Toronto? (No more than 10 words) (2 marks)
3. Why did Linda ask for a second wish list? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)
4. What kind of people does \ (No more than 12 words) (3 marks)
Passage 2
When my friends went to college in great delight, I restarted my senior high school life．My spirit sank．Surrounded by strange classmates, I felt like I was in a maze and was sorry about myself．There were some complex feelings in my minds．I was frightened, nervous and lonely．
To make matters worse, I recalled my failure again and again, which put more pressure on me than I could bear．As a result, I was always feeling down during class time．
My teacher found me spiritless．One day he asked me to come to his office and told me about his attitude towards life: we might suffer from mistakes, but it’s important to learn lessons from them．All the pains and the embarrassing things we experience are part of the process．So keep up your spirit! At last, he added, ―If you are optimistic, things you want may happen to you!‖
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