add 加, subtract 减, multiply 乘, divide 除
(常用数学运算表达: 平方: square, 开方: extract, 立方: cube) 2. stylistics: n. 文体论; 文体修辞学
词汇扩展: style: 文体; stylist: 文体(批评)家; stylistic:格式上的; stylistician: 文体学家 3. consult: v. 商量, 咨询, 请教
e.g. I consulted George about buying a car.
I must consult my principal on this matter.
词汇扩展: consultation: 咨询, 磋商, [医]会诊; consultor: 顾问; consulter: 商量者;咨询者 consultant: 顾问, 会诊医生；consultancy: 顾问(工作/职业); consultative: 咨询的; 协商的 4. rows upon rows of houses: 一排排的, 林立的房屋
E.g. rows upon rows of books / desks / bookshelves/ bikes/ soldiers
two or three-storeyed houses: 2, 3层楼的房子 a house of 3 storeys三层楼的房子
the basement storey 楼底, 一楼
Br. E. ground floor 一楼 first floor 二楼 second floor 三楼 etc. Am.E. first floor second floor third floor 5. brand-name clothes: 名牌时装
E.g. brand-name computer, brand-name cars, brand-name furniture 6. drive n. [C] a planned effort to achieve something运动;宣传活动 E.g. The latest promotional material is all part of a recruitment drive. The manager decided to launch a sales drive. 7. You get what you put in: 种瓜得瓜, 种豆得豆 类似表达: a. As you sow, so will you reap.
b. You must reap what you have sown.
c. As you make the bed, so you must lie on it.
8 类似表达: 改革开放政策: the policy of reform and opening to the outside world
利用优惠政策和有利的地理位置: take advantage of the preferential policies and their favorable
geographical location
9. preferential adj. only before noun: receiving, giving or showing preference优先的，优待的，特惠的 E.g. This hotel gives preferential treatment to people who stay in it regularly. 10. be bound to: be certain, very likely肯定的 E.g. It?s bound to rain soon. 不久就会下雨的。 11. via: prep. through; using
E.g. The London-Addis flight goes via Rome. Reports are coming in via satellite. I only found out about it via my sister.
12. subscribe to: 订阅(报刊/杂志)
E.g. subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志; subscribe to the Internet service 开通网络 13. make one‘s entry into: to enter 进入, 进场, 入场
E.g. It was dark and their entry into the camp had gone unnoticed. Harry made his entry into the village. 14. the lost property office 失物招领处 15.starve to death 饿死
16. malnutrition n. physical weakness and bad health caused by having too little food, or too little of the types of food necessary for good health.营养不良
E.g. Many of the refugees are suffering from severe malnutrition. 17.live on something 以…为食
18.nutrient n. any substance which plants or animals need in order to live and grow. (食品或化学品)营养物, 营养品
It's good soil - full of nutrients.
A healthy diet should provide all your essential nutrients. Word expansion
nutrition nutritional nutritious nutritionist
The doctor advised him to see a nutritionist about his diet. a nutritious diet
Chemical sweeteners have no nutritional value.
Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery.
19.differ vi. to be not like something or someone else, either physically or in another way. E.g. The twins look alike, but they differ in temperament.
His views differ considerably from those of his parents.
The findings of the various studies differ significantly/markedly/radically. The incidence of the illness differs greatly between men and women.
20. ― the same is true of …… 也是如此, 同样如此 e.g.
1) If you want to learn to swim, you need much practice, the same is true of learning a foreign language. 2) Smoking does harm to our health, the same is true of much noise and light. (反之亦然: the reverse is true of / that… …) 21.clothing clothes cloth
1)clothing 是衣物的总称，不可数名词，可用作 an article of clothing(一件衣物)。 Those people lack food and clothing． 那些人缺衣少食。
2) clothes 指具体的衣物时是复数，不能用 a clothes，但 a suit of clothes指―一套衣服‖。
Her clothes are of high quality．
Yesterday her mother bought herself a suit of clothes．
3)cloth 当―布料‖讲时是不可数名词，但指―某种具体用途的布‖时是可数名词。 a piece of cloth 一块布料 a table cloth 一张桌布
一、首先应区分开 cloth 与 clothes / clothing：cloth表示―布‖、―衣料‖，是不可数名词。如： She bought some cloth to make herself a dress. 她买了些布要给自己做一件连衣裙。 表示用作某种特殊用途的布(如：桌布，台布，揩布等)，是可数名词。如： Clean the windows with a soft cloth. 用块软布擦窗子。
二、clothes 和 clothing 均可表示―衣服‖，用作―衣服‖的统称，但在用法上有差别：
1.clothes 是一个没有单数形式的复数名词, 其前不可加不定冠词，也不可加数词，但可用 some, these, those, many, few 等词修饰。如：
正：those clothes / few clothes / many clothes 误：a clothes / two clothes / three clothes 2. clothing 是不可数名词。如：
They wear very little clothing. 他们衣服穿得很少。
3. 比较而言：clothes 的含义比较具体，而 clothing 的含义则比较抽象。从语体上看，clothing 比 clothes 更正式。比较：
I changed my clothes. 我换了衣服。 He is washing his clothes. 他在洗衣服。
Our clothing protects us against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。 We are well provided with food and clothing. 我们吃得好，穿得好。
若不考虑其细微区别，两者常可换用(注：一个是复数，一个不可数)。如： He spent a lot of money on clothes [clothing]. 他花了许多钱买衣服。 更多例句:
Several thin layers of clothing will keep you warmer than one thick one. Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. We have to wear woolen clothes in the cold winter. The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun. 22.muffle vt.
1) to wear thick warm clothes in order to keep warm. (为保暖等)包裹,裹住;蒙住[(+up)] E.g. I was muffled up against the cold in a scarf and hat. She was muffled up in a red scarf.
2) to make a sound quieter and less clear.使(声音)低沉;消(音)
E.g. The house's windows are double-glazed to muffle the noise of aircraft. I put my hand over my mouth to muffle my words, so only my friend could hear.
23.aboriginal adj. describes a person or living thing that has existed in a country or continent since the earliest time known to people (尤指人)从很早的时期就居住于某地的;土著的 E.g. aboriginal forests
aboriginal inhabitants
They managed to wipe out the entire aboriginal population.
24.deny vt. to not allow someone to have or do something拒绝 E.g. Her request for time off work was denied.
No one should be denied a good education./A good education should be denied to no one. I was denied the opportunity of learning French at school.
25.tried domestication: n. to bring animals or plants under human control in order to provide food, power or companionship 驯养；驯化 domesticate vt.
E.g. Cows were domesticated to provide us with milk. domestic adj.
E.g. domestic news/ affairs/ violence/ animals
26. surplus adj./n (an amount which is) more than is needed
E.g. The manufacturers in some countries dumped their surplus commodities abroad. The United States to dispose of its grain surpluses. UNIT9 1.duplicate
1) to copy something exactly
e.g. New copies of the form can be duplicated from a master copy. The video had been duplicated illegally. 2)to repeat something in exactly the same way We don't want staff to duplicate each other's work. n. duplication 2.pump
a machine for forcing liquid or gas into or out of something water/air etc pump (=for moving water, air etc) hand/foot pump (=operated by your hand or foot) petrol pump/gas pump (=for putting petrol into cars)
stomach pump (=for removing the contents of someone's stomach) 3. It’s been my long-cherished dream to be able to visit the planets. It has been a dream that has been kept in my mind for a long time. 4.cherish
1)if you cherish something, it is very important to you e.g. He was a man who cherished his privacy. I still cherish the memory of that day. cherish a hope / an idea / a dream etc
2) to love someone or something very much and take care of them well e.g. In marriage, a man promises to cherish his wife. his most cherished possession
. Although I could not leave my “name” there, I would certainly leave my footprints on the moon, anyway. Although I could not be famous for the visit, I would certainly leave my footprints on the moon, anyway. 5. Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto
When we speak of these planets, no article is used. However, if we use the word planet before the proper
names, the definite article is placed before the word planet, e.g. the planet Jupiter, the planet Neptune. 6. Let’s count in both Jupiter and Saturn on our itinerary. count in to include someone in an activity or arrangement 算上(某人)
E.g. \ \
Please count me in on this project.
7. itinerary n. a detailed plan or route of a journey旅程;行程 E.g. The tour operator will arrange transport and plan your itinerary. 8. I will definitely spare Uranus, Neptune and Pluto in my schedule. I will certainly not include Uranus, Neptune and Pluto in my schedule. 9.spare
1) to prevent someone from having to experience something unpleasant省去, 免除 e.g. Luckily, I was spared the embarrassment of having to sing in front of everyone The doctor tried to spare him from pain. The prisoner was spared.赦免
I will definitely spare Uranus, Neptune and Pluto in my schedule.
2) to give time, money or space to someone especially when it is difficult for you 抽出，匀出，腾出 e.g. Sorry, I can't spare the time.
I'd like you to come over when you can spare a couple of hours.
spare somebody ten minutes/an hour etc
e.g. Could you possibly spare me a few moments in private (=used to ask someone if they have time to quickly talk to you) ?
I will definitely spare Uranus, Neptune and Pluto in my schedule. spare no expense / effort 不惜代价，不遗余力