The dialogue was worked out by actors in rehearsal.
3. make a hit---(performance) achieve success; become popular; 获得成功 e.g. make a hit overnight
The new album of Jay made a hit immediately after its release.
hit--- a great success
e.g. The film was a hit for him in 2008. Her new series is a smash hit.
They are about to release an album of their greatest hits. a hit record/single
4. a straight A student----a student who has the highest mark in every subject or course. (earn/get) straight A's---(to get) the best marks/grades in all your classes
5. board---a group of people who have power to make decisions and control a company or other organization委员会,理事会,董事会
e.g. The board of directors unanimously agreed to appoint him as our agent. The board is/are unhappy about falling sales.
6. long [intransitive] to want something very much, especially when it seems unlikely to happen soon long to do something
e.g. He longed to see her again. long for
e.g. She longed for the chance to speak to him in private. long for somebody to do something e.g. She longed for him to return.
7. volunteer v. give or offer (one‘s help, suggestion, etc.) willingly or without being paid e.g. She volunteered (her services) for relief work.
n. person who offers to do sth. without being compelled or paid e.g. volunteers to run the Christmas show 8.occasion n. opportunity
on one occasion 曾经，有一个时候 take occasion to 抓住…的好时机 on occasion sometimes, but not often
9. play a role: play the role of 在（剧中）扮演角色, play an important role in
10. stage fright: nervousness felt by someone who is going to perform in front of a lot of people怯场 e.g. Den suffered terribly from stage fright . an attack of stage fright
11. go off: to happen in a particular way 进行
E.g. The protest march went off peacefully. 会议进行的很顺利。 The meeting went off well.
12. round of applause: when people clap for a short time to show that they enjoyed something or approve of something掌声雷动
e.g. She got a big round of applause .
The passengers gave the pilot a round of applause.
13. give sb. the thumbs up: a reaction that shows you like something such as a plan or idea or that you will accept it.
14. pursue: to continue doing an activity or trying to achieve something over a long period of time继续; 从事, 经营;追求
e.g. She plans to pursue a career in politics.
Students should pursue their own interests , as well as do their school work. pursue a goal / aim / objective etc
e.g. companies that pursue the traditional goal of profits a campaign promise to pursue policies that will help the poor pursuit n.
15. at whatever cost: (=no matter how much work, money, risk etc is needed)
e.g. He's determined to win, whatever the cost.
We must avoid a scandal at all costs (=whatever happens) . A car dealer let him buy the car at cost (=without making a profit) . Residents can use the gym at no extra cost (=for free) . The new building's going up at a cost of $82 million.
16.A stamp is a small piece of paper, printed with an official emblem, design, or monarch‘s head relating to the country of issue.
17. emblem: a design or picture that represents a country or an organization 18. monarch: a person who rules a country, for example a king or a queen
19. relating to: to connect with sb. /sth. Here it is a present participle phrase used as attributive to modify the noun ―head‖
e.g. Wealth is seldom related to happiness.
His remarks didn't relate to the topic under discussion. news relating to immigration laws
20.issue: n. 1) the act of circulating, distributing, or publishing by an office or official group发表, 发布 e.g. I bought the book the day after its issue.
There is a new issue of Christmas stamps every year. The current/latest issue
e.g. Have you seen the latest issue?
2) a subject or problem which people are thinking and talking about 问题 e.g. Economic issues should get more attention.
e.g. Unemployment is not the issue - the real problem is the decline in public morality.
have issues (with sb/sth) to have difficulty or disagreement with someone or something
21. Revenue stamps are affixed to deeds and other documents as proof that the government tax or fee has been paid.
revenue stamp: a stamp affixed to an item as proof that a government tax has been paid.印花税票 revenue: n. the income that a government or company receives regularly收入, 收益; 财政收入, 税收 revenue officer 税务员, revenue tax 财政税, annual revenue 全年收入额, internal revenue 国内税收 22.affix: vt. fix or fasten 使固定；粘上
23.deed n. 证书；加封盖印的文件，尤指与地产有关的契约，合同或转让证书 mortgage deed 抵押契据; title deed（法律用于）地契、土地证; to transfer by means of deed立契转让
24. Some states raise money by imposing taxes on liquor, cigarettes, and other luxuries and require that tax
stamps be placed on the packages. 25.raise: to gather together; collect e.g. raise money to help poor neighbor 26.impose on/upon:
①to establish or apply as compulsory; levy 课税，加税，征收强制地建设或运用。 e.g. New duties were imposed on import goods.
Very high taxes have recently been imposed on cigarettes.
②place (sth. unwelcome or unpleasant) on sb/sth 强加 e.g. She imposed her idea on the group.
I don't want them to impose their religious beliefs on my children.
require that tax stamps be placed on the packages= require the tax stamps should be placed…
It‘s a way of using subjunctive mood. The verbs can be used in this structure are: command, demand, insist, propose, prefer, urge, suggest, advise, decide, ask, etc. which have the meaning of asking or suggesting.
e.g. I suggest we open a company.
27. Issued by Great Britain, these first stamps were the penny black and the two pence blue stamp, each bearing
the likeness of the young Queen Victoria.
28.bear :vt. to have or continue to have something 具有
29.Likeness: a painting or other representation of a person that looks very like them 画像；肖像 E.g. That‘s a good likeness of him.
―each bearing the likeness of the young Queen Victoria‖ is the absolute construction 独立主格结构是由名
词或代词加上分词或分词短语构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰整个句子，而不是修饰一个词或词组。独立主格结构在句中一般作状语
e.g. Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance. 黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。
He lay at full length upon his stomach, his head resting upon his left forearm. 他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。 1. v+ing 形式
e.g. She stood there, tears streaming down her cheeks. 2. v+ed形式
e.g. All the work finished, we left. 3. be+ing形式
e.g. It being Sunday, we didn?t go to school.
He has two sons, one being a soldier and the other being a doctor. 4. 省略be
e.g. our teacher came into the classroom, a book in her hand. 独立主格结构有一个特点，就是它前面都可以加上with,来做状语 1. She stood there, with tears streaming down her cheeks. 2. With all the work finished, we left.
3. Our teacher came into the classroom, with a book in her hand.
4. Their appearance marked the end of a long period of mismanagement and abuse of the British postal system, ……as a royal courier service.
30.mismanagement: to organize or control something badly管理不善,经营不当
31.abuse: vt. /??bju?z/ n. /??bju?s/ 1) when someone uses or treats someone or something wrongly or badly, especially in a way that is to their own advantage滥用, 妄用, 虐待 e.g. an abuse (= wrong use) of privilege/power/someone's kindness Stop abusing the child.
2) to speak to someone rudely or cruelly恶言, 辱骂 e.g. He burst into a storm of abuse.
The crowd started abusing him after he failed to save a goal.
32.courier: a person who carries important messages or documents for someone else
33.He inaugurated the penny post, which included a uniform domestic…… inaugurate vt. to put someone into an official position with a ceremony为…举行就职典礼
e.g. American presidents are always inaugurated on January 20th. Mr. Putin was inaugurated as the President of the Russian Federation.
?to put something into use or action officially为…举行仪式, 为…举行落成[开幕]仪式 e.g. The European Community inaugurated the Single European Market in 19
The city library was inaugurated by the mayor.93.
?to mark the beginning of a new period, style or activity开创, 创始 e.g. The change of government inaugurated a new era of economic prosperity. Concord inaugurated a new era in airplane travel.
35.He inaugurated the penny post, which included a uniform domestic…… 36.uniform a. the same; not changing or different in any way
e.g. As in so many offices that you see, the walls and furniture are a uniform grey. Small businesses are demanding that they receive uniform treatment from the banks.
37.These stamps are known today as postmaster‘s provisionals. 38.provisional adj. for the present time but likely to change; temporary暂时的;临时的 E.g. a provisional government These dates are only provisional. 39.off the press: 已印好,已发行
40. carry: vt. (of a newspaper, radio or television broadcast) to contain particular information 刊登，刊载，播出，报道
41. cancel: vt. to mark a stamp to show that it has been used and cannot be used again注销, 盖销 e.g. The post office cancels the stamps on a letter
42. mania: n. disapproving a very strong interest in something which fills a person's mind or uses up all their time狂热;癖好;着迷 mania for sth./for doing sth. e.g.足球热正风靡全国。
A mania for football is sweeping the country
maniac n. a person who behaves in an uncontrolled way, not worrying about risks or danger e.g. Some maniac was running down the street waving a massive metal bar. informal I won't get in the car with Richard - he drives like a maniac!
43. man of letters: a man, usually a writer, who knows a lot about literature学者;作家
44. commemorate: vt. to remember officially and give respect to a great person or event, especially by a public ceremony or by making a statue or special building
e.g. Gathered all together in this church, we commemorate those who lost their lives in the great war. A statue has been built to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the poet's birthday. commemorative adj.
UNIT7
1. It‘s adj. + enough + infinitive
E.g. He will be quick enough to finish the decoration work in 3 days
John is smart enough to solve the problem in 5 minutes. He was fool enough to agree. 2. It‘s too + adj. + infinitive