考试复习
Study Examples in Socio-Cultural Ecology
Water Firey: Land use in Boston
Christen Jonassen : Geographic mobility of
the Norwegian community in New York
Kuper, Watts, and Davies: Social
segregation and ecological patterning in Durban, South Africa
Study Examples in Socio-Cultural Ecology: Water Firey
Water Firey: Land use in Boston.
Three areas as examples
a. Beacon Hill
b. the Boston Commons（commonland） and
the Burying Ground
c. Boston s North End: an Italian Neighborhood
Two cultural variables: sentiment and symbolism,
Study Examples in Socio-Cultural Ecology: Christen Jonassen
Geographic mobility of the Norwegian community in New York between the years 1850 and 1947
Traditional occupations and cultural value
(Fishing, agriculture, openness and greenery)
could be used to account for changes in
geographic location of the Norwegian community.
第五章
1、 What is
Growth or emergence of a large population center consisting of a large city and its adjacent zone of influence, or of several neighboring cities or towns and adjoining areas, with one or more large cities serving as its hub or hubs.
Two Ecological Processes:中心化与扩散化
Concentration: Americans were concentrating in urban areas while they were spreading outward.
Decentralization: Within urban regions, people and institutions were decentralizing. They were moving to the outskirts of cities.
第六章
3、The fork-urban continuum was developed by Robert Redfield. Redfield analyzed a relatively large regional center and a tribal village. Passage from one stage to another was accompanied by cultural disorganization: one form of social order broke down and was replaced by another. The basic trend is movement from the simple to the more complex forms of organization.
Robert Redfield: Folk-Urban Continuum
(1)Folk Society ( “Little Tradition” )
mechanical solidarity - emphasis on ascribed statuses
small-scale, isolated, self sufficient