(From Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone)
4. Structured writing: Develop a Paragraph in Problem-Solution Pattern
The problem-solution pattern（解题法） is one of the most common patterns we adopt to develop a paragraph. It is especially useful in persuasive argumentations where you want to convince the readers that a problem exists and that your solution would solve, or at least alleviate, the problem. A paragraph in problem-solution pattern often starts by identifying a particular situation and then poses the problem (or problems)（提出问题）. Afterwards it proposes one or more solutions to cope with the problem (or problems)（解决问题）. In some cases, there may be an evaluation or comment on the solution (or solutions)（评价解决问题的方法）in the end of the paragraph.
Section B
Ⅰ.Reading skills-----Read in thought groups
Try to read in phrases of three or four words, especially in complete clauses and prepositional phrases. To develop the habit of reading in phrases, you may use a ―/‖ to mark off phrases and to group them into group thoughts. Read the following sentences by dividing them into phrases, or thought groups. Questions Previewing Ⅱ.Detailed study of the text: 1.Questions Previewing
1)Read paragraphs 2, 5, 6 in thought groups, find out what make the daughter recall an experience with her father when she was five? (Paras. 2-6) 2)What makes the daughter’s fatigue go away? (Para. 7)
3)How does the daughter react when her father suggests they take some smoked eel home for supper? (Paras. 8-11)
4)What happens to the eel finally? (Paras. 12-19)
5)Why does the father forgive her daughter having eaten the eel up? (Para. 20)
6)Why does the daughter mention the happy experiences with her father in the past? (Paras. 21-22)
7)What has the daughter done to make her father cheer up again? (Paras. 24-34) 8)Why does the daughter mention smoked or dried eel several times in the text? 2. Practical Phrases
1) slow down使慢下来，使减速
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美国国防部预计，新兵征募将随着经济加快而放缓。 (United States Department of Defense / recruiting / speed up)
United States Department of Defense expects recruiting to slow down as economy speeds up.
2) make sense有意义；合乎情理
中国与14个国家有陆地接壤，像它这样在这种位置的国家保持强大的常规部队是有道理的。
(share land border with/ conventional forces)
China shares its land border with 14 countries; it makes sense that a country in such a position maintains strong conventional forces. 3) lay out铺开；制定
售货员为了迎接国庆节的到来，正忙着布置橱窗。
The shop assistants were busy laying out their windows for the coming National Day． 4) be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事 军队院校应该对其学员进行领导能力的训练。 (military academy / leadership training )
A military academy is supposed to give its cadets leadership training. 5) once in a while偶尔，间或
孩子气的话语可能有时会让人觉得可爱，但通常男人喜欢成熟而讲道理的女性。 Baby talk may be cute once in a while, but mostly men like women who are mature and talk sense.
6) on one’s own独立，独自的 独自奋斗比傍人门户要好。
It is better to struggle on one’s own than to rely on others. 7) pull/help/assist/raise sb. to one’s feet扶某人站起来 看到一个小孩摔倒了，她立刻跑过去把他扶了起来。 Seeing a child fall over, she hurried up to help him to his feet. 8) care for喜欢，照顾
获得智慧，寻求真理，并使心灵美好，要比追求金钱、荣誉和名声好得多。 To care for wisdom and truth and the improvement of the soul is far better than to seek money and honour and reputation 2. Functional Patterns
1) Suddenly, we’re far away in a time long past in part of a harbor I’ve never seen before. (Para.6, L1)
句型提炼 Suddenly sb. are far away in a time long past in some place. 用于表达―突然对过去某个时刻某个地方的回忆‖。
突然间，他仿佛回到了很久很久以前，来到那片沙漠，在那里他与队友经受住了同生共死的考验。(withstand the test of life and death)
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Suddenly, he is far away in a time long past in the desert where he and his teammates withstand the test of life and death together.
2) Some days, time flies with joy all around. Other days, time rots like old fish. (Para.23) Some days, … Other days, … 用于― 对比不同的境况‖。
有时，我们去给那些飞行员讲授英语口语，有时他们给我们讲解飞机结构方面的知识。(configuration of aircrafts)
Some days we teach the pilots oral English. Other days, they give us lectures about the configuration of aircrafts.
3) Not that he often gets up on his own, but once in a while he’ll suddenly have a surge of strength. (Para. 25,L1)
It is not that /Not that sb. do sth., but that sb. do sth. 用于表达―对某一观点、看法的纠正‖。 不是她不想取悦于他，而是他太难以相处。
Not that she did not want to please him, but (that) he is hard to get along with.
Unit 3 Section A College life in the Internet age
Objectives
To talk about digital education To further understand the text To apply the phrases and patterns To master the paragraph writing skill 1. Warming-up activities A. Pre-reading activities
1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each way of teaching and learning? Traditional classroom Advantages:
· more direct communication between teachers and students; ·a better learning atmosphere. Disadvantages:
· little interaction either among students or between students and the teacher; · teachers tending to dominate the class; · writing on blackboard reducing efficiency. Multimedia classroom Advantages:
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· more vivid teaching materials;
· students better engaged in classroom learning. Disadvantages:
· too many distractions with too many pictures and videos in multimedia classrooms. 2. Which way do you prefer? Give your reasons. I prefer the multimedia way of learning:
· it is vivid with teaching materials presented in different ways · Compared with traditional classroom, it is more interesting. I prefer to study online: · manage my own time · have my own properties · do things at my own pace
3. Do you think the Internet is indispensable in teaching and learning nowadays? Why or why not?
The Internet is indispensable:
· get access to the latest development of teaching and learning; · enjoy many interesting online courses · communicate with teachers after class The Internet is not indispensable:
· teaching and learning have been carried out long before the Internet came into being; · teaching and learning could surely continue without the Internet. B. Cultural background —Advanced digital technology
1. According to your own knowledge, what are smartphones? A smartphone is a device: · make phone calls; · send and receive email; · edit Office documents; · access the Web at higher speeds
2. Can you name and introduce some famous companies that produce smartphones? BlackBerry Limited:
· a line of mobile email and smartphone devices;
· developed and designed by Canadian company Research In Motion (now BlackBerry Limited)
· function as digital personal assistants, portable media players, Internet browsers, gaming devices II. Text study
A. Main idea & structure
Part I — (Para.1)
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The college today is being transformed into a new age of electronics by a fleet of laptops, smartphones and Internet connection 24 hours a day.
Part II — (Paras. 2-6)
Colleges have become the most Internet-accessible spots in the world. And this digital transformation has brought students various conveniences for their learning and lives.
Part III — (Paras. 7-11)
The information technology has developed fast on campus. In order to maintain their competitive advantage and attract students, colleges are competing with the best Internet services.
Part IV — (Para. 12)
The anywhere-anytime access has already yielded amazing benefits in education. With the widespread application of digital technology, we are going to produce a generation of problem-solvers and intelligent thinkers B. Language focus
1. access
利用最新信息对我们的研究至关重要。
Access to up-to-date information is essential to our research.
2. take the lead
主席做事总是一马当先，深受广大群众信任。
The chairman always takes the lead in everything and is deeply trusted by the masses. 3. account for
很多国家都在尽力弄清楚MH370失踪的原因。
Many countries are trying to find out what accounts for the disappearance of MH370 airplane. 4. inferior
认为女性的智力低于男性的想法是愚蠢的。
It is stupid to think that women are inferior in intelligence to men. 5. focus on
优质价廉的商品令万众瞩目。
Millions of people focus their attention on commodities which are good in quality and low in price. 6. keep up with.
现在的年轻人可以通过更多的方式和朋友们保持联系。
Young people now have more and more means to keep up with their friends. 7. stand out
她那长长的金发和鲜亮的粉色裙子使她在人群中显得很突出。
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