? ? ? ? ? ?
behave irresponsibly
his two kids were watching him to be humble in victory to be generous in defeat to be helpful when being needed
to keep going when facing the difficulties and challenges
2. What can you learn from the runners the speaker mentioned?
III. Cultural background
Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon
1. Do you know any information about Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon（超级马拉
松）? ? ? ?
The time of the first official race: 1983;
The sponsor of the first official race: a shopping center group—Westfield; Another name of the race: Westfield Sydney-to-Melbourne Ultramarathon
2. What is the difference between standard marathon and Sydney to Melbourne
Ultramarathon? ? ? ?
The distance of the standard marathon: 42.195 kilometers;
The distance of the Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon: 875 kilometers; The Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon was regarded as one of the toughest races in the world.
3.Who is Cliff Young?
? ? ? ?
An Australian farmer;
The winner of Sydney-to-Melbourne Ultramarathon in 1983 at an age of 61; The awarder of the Medal of the Order of Australia ―for long distance running‖; The achiever of a world age record in a six-day race in Victoria
IV. New words ? harsh a.
1 severe, cruel, or unkind 严厉的；残酷的；苛刻的
She has a tender heart; and she is never harsh to anybody. 她心肠很软，对人从不苛刻。 2 harsh conditions are very difficult to live in and very uncomfortable 恶劣的；艰苦的；严峻的
The harsh weather in that area is unbearable. 那个地区恶劣的气候让人难以忍受。 Most people at that time had to face the harsh conditions. 那时候，大部分人都不得不面对艰苦的环境。 ? endurance
n. [U] the ability to continue doing sth. difficult or painful over a long period of time （忍）耐力
Women who exercise regularly, especially in endurance activities, typically lose iron. 经常
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锻炼的女性，尤其是经常进行耐力运动的女性，通常都会流失铁元素。 ? regardless
ad. (~ of) without being affected or influenced by sth. 不管；不顾
They are ready to take action regardless of what will happen in the future. 不管将来会发生什么，他们都准备采取行动了。 ? super
prefix (super-) more, better, or bigger than usual 过于；超
Nearly all the athletic venues are located in the heart of the city and connected with its super-efficient public transportation systems. 几乎所有体育场馆都位于市中心，由效率极高的公共交通系统连接。
a. (infml)extremely good 极好的；了不起的
The basketball player made a super shot in the last minute of the match. 这个篮球运动员在比赛的最后一分钟投入了超漂亮的一球。 ad.(infml)
extremely 极其；非常
I'm super tired. I have to rest right now. 我累极了，我现在得休息一下。 ? contract
n.[C] an official agreement between two or more people, stating what each will do 契约；合同；合约
We can’t afford to lose this contract because the future of the company depends on it. 我们不能失去这份合同，因为公司的未来全靠它了。
I was then under contract to a state basketball team. 当时我签约了一家州篮球队。 v. agree to do sth. or make sb. agree to do sth. by a formal written agreement （使）签订合同；（使）立约
Apple contracted with a local company to develop its business in this country. 苹果公司与一家本地公司签约以发展其在该国的业务。 ? prominent
a.important and well-known 重要的；知名的；显赫的
He is only 30 years old, but he has become a prominent surgeon in this city. 虽然他只有30岁，却已经是这座城市有名的外科医生了。 ? sponsor
n.[C] a person or company that pays for a show, broadcast, sports event, etc., esp. in exchange for the right to advertise at that event 赞助者；赞助商
The sports equipment company is a major sponsor of the sports meeting. 这家运动器材公司是这次运动会的主要赞助商。
vt. give money to a sports event, theater, institution, etc., esp. in exchange for the right to advertise 赞助；资助
We aim to provide a welfare service and raise money to sponsor medical research. 我们的
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目标是提供福利服务，并筹集资金资助医学研究。 ? finance
vt. provide money, esp. a lot of money, to pay for sth. 为…提供资金
I managed to finance four years of university tuition with scholarships and part-time jobs. 我设法通过拿奖学金和做兼职来支付大学四年的学费。
Whether or not we can finance the project will directly influence its outcome. 我们能否为这个项目筹集到资金将直接影响这个项目的结果。
n.1 [U] the management of money by governments, large organizations, etc. 财政；金融 The finance industry changed in many ways, but most of all in lending for the purchase of homes. 金融业在很多方面发生了变化，但最主要的还是在房产购置借贷方面的变化。 2 (~s) [pl.] the money that an organization or person has, and the way that they manage it （机构或个人的）财务情况
She refuses to answer questions about her personal finances. 她拒绝回答有关自己个人财务的问题。
? furnish vt.1 (fml.) supply or provide sth. 提供；供应
Many people think they have a responsibility to furnish the children in poor areas with education funds. 很多人认为他们有责任给贫困地区的孩子提供教育资助。 2 put furniture and other things into a house or room 为（房屋或房间）配备家具 When I rent an apartment, I want it to be furnished. I don’t want to buy furniture by myself. 我租公寓就要租带家具的公寓，我不想自己去买家具。
Tom closed the door behind him and looked around the handsomely furnished living room. 汤姆关上了门，四下打量起这个布置得很漂亮的起居室。 ? substantial a.1 large in amount or number 大量的；多的
Each winner received a substantial cash prize plus a laptop. 每个获胜者都获得了大笔现金奖励和一台手提电脑。
2 consisting of or relating to substance 物质的；材料的
With the development of human civilization and the improvement of living standards, people now care more about the spiritual life than the substantial life. 随着人类文明的进步和生活水平的提高，现在人们更加注重精神生活，而不是物质生活。 ? mechanism
n. [C]1 a system that is intended to achieve sth. or deal with a problem 机构；结构；机制；体制
They are going to establish an effective mechanism of price controls for the unstable market. 他们打算为不稳定的市场建立一个有效的价格控制机制。
It is easy to abuse one’s power and that’s why there should be some kind of supervision mechanism. 滥用权力很容易发生，这也就是为什么应该有某种监督机制。
2 part of a machine or a set of parts that does a particular job 机械装置；机件；工作部件 The new car has a very good braking mechanism. 这辆新车的刹车装置很好。
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The mechanism of the machine was so complex that it took me a few hours to figure it out. 这台机器的部件非常复杂，我花了几个小时才搞清楚。
? distinction n. 1 [U] the quality of being excellent and important 优秀；卓越；杰出 My department has so many people of distinction and talent. 我们系里有很多杰出的、富有才华的人。
2 [C, U] a clear difference or separation between two similar things 差别；不同
There is a distinction between telling a white lie and a lie. 善意的谎言与谎言之间是有区别的。
? amateur a. used about sb. who does sth. because they enjoy it and not as their job 业
余爱好者的
The contest is open to professional athletes as well as amateur athletes. 这次比赛不仅职业运动员可以参加，业余运动员也可以参加。
n.[C] sb. who does an activity just for pleasure, not as their job 业余爱好者
I admit I’m just an amateur, but I really love dancing and I dance every day. 我承认我只是个业余爱好者，但我真的热爱舞蹈，而且我每天都跳舞。 ? invisible a. sth. that is invisible cannot be seen 看不见的
Air is invisible, but we can feel its motion when there is a wind. 空气是看不见的，但有风时，我们能感觉到空气在流动。
? assemble v. come together as a group, or bring people or things together as a group
聚集；集合；收集
The managers will assemble at the meeting this afternoon to discuss solutions. 经理们今天下午将集中开会，讨论解决办法。 vt. put all the parts of sth. together 组装；装配
Robots are commonly used in factories to assemble machines. 工厂里普遍使用机器人组装机器。
? assembled a. brought together into a group or crowd 聚集在一起的
They announced to the assembled guests that they were engaged. 他们向聚集在一起的客人们宣布他们订婚了。
React vi. behave in a particular way or show a particular emotion because of sth. that has happened or been said （作出）反应
How should you react when your boss makes a complaint about you? 当你的老板抱怨你的时候，你应该如何反应？
My little sister reacted angrily to my explanation for how I lost her earrings. 当我妹妹听我解释完怎么把她的耳环弄丢了之后，她非常生气。
? gear n. 1 [U] the special clothes and equipment that you use for a particular activity
服装；用具；装备
Look at that trendy couple in all the latest gear! 瞧这对时髦的夫妇，全身上下都是最新款的服饰！
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Now that you have put all your fishing gear into the car, you should take off and have a great time. 既然你把所有的钓鱼工具都放到车里了，你也该出发去好好享受一番了。 2 [C, U] the machinery in a vehicle such as a car, truck, or bicycle that you use to go comfortably at different speeds 排挡；挡位
You can press this button to change gear when you need to slow down at the yellow light. 看到黄灯需要减速时，你可以按这个按钮来换挡位。
? inherent a.an inherent quality is a basic or essential feature that gives sth. its
character 本质的；内在的；基本的
A love of music is inherent in human nature. 爱好音乐是人类固有的天性。 ? inherently
ad.本质地；内在地；基本地
His life philosophy holds that people are inherently good. 他的人生哲学是人的本性是善良的。
Phrases and expressions ? up to
as much or as many as a certain amount or number but not more 达到；至多 I can take up to 10 people in my minivan. 我的小型面包车里最多可以坐10个人。 ? in attendance
(fml.) present somewhere, often at an important or official event 出席（重要或官方的活动） Several heads of state were in attendance at the ceremony. 有几位国家元首出席了典礼。 ? might (just) as well
used for saying that it would not make any difference if you did sth. else 不妨；还不如；倒不如
The movie was a complete waste of time. I might just as well have stayed at home and taken a nap. 看那部电影完全是浪费时间，我还不如呆在家里睡上一觉呢。
If you don’t need this TV set, we might as well donate it to a charity. 如果你不需要这台电视机了，我们不妨把它捐给慈善机构。 ? at a time
used for saying how many people or things there are in each group or on each occasion 每组；每次；一次
We usually interview four or five applicants at a time. 我们通常一次面试四五名申请者。 Deal with each problem separately, one at a time. 问题要分开处理，一次处理一个。 ? leave sb./sth. behind
1 move away from sb. or sth. 把…抛在后面
Sarah, with her long legs, soon left the rest of us far behind. 萨拉腿长，很快就把我们其他人远远地抛在了后面。
They had left the city behind and were heading into open country. 他们离开城市，奔向广阔的乡村。
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