说明?原文显得支离破碎、层次不明，通过运用一些连接成分和过渡词后，原来结构松散的句子就有机地结合起来，变得上下连贯，浑然一体了。?
E. 巧布局谋篇得高分 1 形神都不散?
在语文学习中，我们常说“形散神不散”，但是在英语书面表达中要求“形神都不散”。“形”指文章的句子，“形不散”指句与句之间要连贯，句式要有变化。“神”指文章中心，“神不散”指围绕一个中心而写。?
适当运用连词、副词、过渡词语，使句子之间连贯，可以保证书面表达“形不散”；在书面表达中，我们可按时间、空间或其他逻辑顺序来安排各要点；同时为使主题突出，结构严谨，我们应注意学习和使用交代句以及段落的主题句等，可以保证书面表达“神不散”。?
实例?最近，你校同学正在参加某英文报组织的一场讨论。讨论的主题是：公园要不要收门票？请你根据下表所提供的信息写一篇短文，客观地介绍讨论情况。?
60%的同学认为 40%的同学认为 1. 不应收门票；? 2. 公园是公众休闲的地方；? 3. 如收票，需建大门、围墙，会影响城市形象。
词数：100左右。?
参考词汇：门票 entrance fee? ?
参考范文?
Opinions are divided on the question. ?
60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees. They believe a public park should be free of charge. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves. Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away. What is more, it will become necessary to
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1. 应收门票，但票价不宜高；? 2. 支付园林工人的工资；? 3. 购买新花木。 build gates and walls, which will do harm to the appearance of a city. ?
On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because we need money to pay gardeners and other workers and to buy plants and young trees. They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. ?
思路分析?
(1)该文使用Opinions are divided...作为交代句，开门见山，随后两个段落均使用了主题句 60% of the students are against the idea of entrance fees和On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged...，使全文结构紧凑，表达严谨。? (2)在表述要点时，文章还对要点出场顺序作了调整，如“40%的同学认为应收门票，但不宜过高”，前部分作为主题句放在句首，而后部分另起一句放在句末：They suggested, however, fees should be charged low.这样就分清了轻重缓急，主题突出，条理清楚。?
(3)范文使用了and, what is more, however等过渡性词语，在段落之间使用了on the other hand 来说明前后两个观点是相悖的，这些连接手段的运用加强了句子之间、段落之间的联系，使文章表达连贯，浑然一体。?
(4)范文在第二段为说明不收门票的“原因”时增加了Charging entrance fees will no doubt keep some people away等细节，这也是解决句与句之间缺少连贯性的常见方法。?
总之，要想使自己的文章有亮点，吸引读者，在考试中获得高分，就应在用词、造句、谋篇上下功夫，哪怕是有一处特长都是“亮点”，都是值得肯定的。
2 注重开头 ?
纵观英语高考优秀书面表达例文可知，一篇好的文章往往有一个漂亮的开头来吸引读者。一般来说，想要拿高分，好的开头是一个必要条件。常见的开头方式有：?
(1)用名人名言开头?
A proverb says, “You are only young once?”? It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.? (2)用数字统计开头?
According to a recent survey, about 78?9% of the college students want to further their study after their graduation.?
(3)开门见山?
在写作文时，最简单也最常用的方式是开门见山。也就是说, 直截了当地提出你对某个问题的看法或要求，点出文章的中心思想。下面列举几种高考常考的体裁的开头方式：?
①议论文?
Just as every coin has two sides, cars have both advantages and disadvantages.? Compared to / In comparison with letters, e-mails are more convenient.?
When it comes to computers, some people think they have brought us a lot of convenience.
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However, ...?
Opinions are divided on the advantages and disadvantages of living in the city and in the countryside.?
Why do you go to university? Different people have different points of view. ? ②书信?
I read an advertisement in today's ?China Daily? and I apply for the job...?Thank you for your letter of May 5.?
How happy I am to receive your letter of January 9！? How nice to hear from you again！? ③口头通知或介绍情况?
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please？ I have an announcement to make.?
Attention, please. I have something important to tell you.?
Mr. Green, welcome to our school. To begin with, let me introduce Mr. Wang to you.? ④演讲稿?
Ladies and gentlemen, I feel very much honored to have a chance here to make a speech on the subject—A Balanced Diet and Health.?
Good morning everyone! Allow me, first of all, on behalf of all present here, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greeting to our distinguished guests. ?
3 充实中间段落 ?
好的开头就像是商品的包装，吸引了评卷老师的眼球，而中间段落就是商品的实质，一篇高分作文必须“内外兼修”。下面给出中间段落常用的经典句型以供参考。?
(1)相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……?
On the contrary，there are some people in favor of...At the same time，they say... (2)但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……最糟糕的是……? But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve...For example, ...Worst of all, ...
(3)……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先……而且……最重要的是…… ?
...is necessary and important to our country's development and construction. First,...What's more, ... Most important of all,...?
(4)有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……? There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can...?
(5)面临……我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……一方面……另一方面……? Confronted with...we should take a series of effective measures to...For one thing,... For
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another,...?
(6)早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……另外……所有这些方法肯定会……?
It is high time that something was done about it. For example...In addition...All these measures will certainly...?
(7)为什么……？第一个原因是……第二个原因是……第三个原因是……总的来说……的主要原因是……?
Why...? The first reason is that...The second reason is...The third is...For all this, the main cause of...is that...?
(8)尽管如此，我相信……更有利。?
Nonetheless, I believe that...is more advantageous.? (9)完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：? I fully agree with the statement that...because...? 4 写好结尾?
好的开头能给评卷老师以美好的第一印象，但是文章能否得高分，结尾也非常关键。好的结尾能起到画龙点睛的作用。常见的结尾方式有：?
(1)下结论的结尾?
Obviously, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.?
(2)提建议的结尾?
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.? Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.?
Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken. ? (3)首尾呼应?
在文章的结尾，把含义较深的话放在末尾，以点明主题，深化主题，起到画龙点睛的效果。如I Cannot Forget Her(我忘不了她)的结尾：?
After her death, I felt as if something were missing in my life. I was sad over her passing away, but I knew she would not have had any regrets at having given her life for the benefit of the people.?
(4)重复主题句?
结尾回到文章开头阐明的中心思想或主题句上，达到强调的效果。如I Love My Hometown(我爱家乡)的结尾：?
I love my hometown, and I love its people. They have changed. They are going all out to do more for the good of our hometown.?
(5)自然结尾?
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随着文章的结束，文章自然而然地结尾。如Fishing(钓鱼)的结尾：?
I caught as many as twenty fish in two hours, but my brother caught many more. Tired from fishing, we lay down on the river bank, bathing in the sun. We returned home very late. ?
(6)含蓄性的结尾?
用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接点明作者的看法，而是让读者自己去领会和思考。如A Day of Harvesting(收割的日子)的结尾：?
Evening came before we realized it. We put down our sickles and looked at each other. Our clothes were wet with sweat, but on every face there was a smile.?
(7)用反问结尾?
虽然形式是问句，但意义是肯定的，并具有特别的强调作用，引起读者深思。如Should we Learn to Do Housework?(我们要不要学做家务?) 的结尾：?
Everyone should learn to do housework. Don't you agree, boys and girls?? (8)指明方向，激励读者?
结尾表示对将来的展望或期待读者采取行动。如Let's Go in for Sports(让我们参加体育运动)的结尾：?
As we have said above, sports can be of great value. They not only make people live happily but also help people to learn virtues and do their work better. A sound mind is in a sound body. Let's go in for sports.?
文章的结尾没有一定的模式，可以根据表达主题的需要灵活选择。一般的习惯是，一些记叙文和描写文经常采用自然结尾的方法，但说理性和逻辑性较强的说明文和议论文则往往都有结束语，以便使文章首尾呼应，结构完整。??
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