现在的国际金融是没有国界的，当东京的股市大跌时，受影响的不只是日本，而是全世界。因此保持我们中国的经济稳定发展，就要帮助 恢复亚太地区的稳定的发展。我们中国在这次亚洲金融危机中勇敢地承担了自己的责任。 参考译文（57）
1）International finance has no respect for national borders.2) When stock markets fall in Tokyo the effects are no longer local; they are global.3) So to have sustained economic growth China must help to restore stability and growth in the Asia Pacific region.4) China has steadfastly shouldered its responsibilities to the region in this latest financial crisis. 58抗洪抢险
这次长江流域的水灾是44年来最严重的。官方的数字表明已有2000多人死亡，1380万人被迫离开家园。占中国总耕地面积3%的450万公顷的农作物被毁。工厂被迫停工，产量受到影响。客运的货运也被迫中断。在未来的许多岁月里，人民都会感受到洪灾对中国经济的总体影响。尽管损失如此严重，举国上下，展民与洪水的斗争是非常值得称赞的。在抗洪斗争中，中国人民显示了令人叹服的守堤防洪的能力，例如这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。事实上，差不多有数百万平民百姓参加了这一人类巨大的斗争。 参考译文（58）
1）The floods in the Yangtze River basin are the worst in 44 years.2) Official figures indicate that more than 2000 people have been drowned and 13.8 million have been driven from their jhomes.3) Crops have been destroyed on 4.5 million hectares.3 percent of China’s total cropland.4) Industrial output has suffered as factories have had to shut.5) The transportation of goods and people has been disrupted.6) The overall effect on China’s economy will be felt for many months.7/8) Despite the serious damage China deserves a lot credit for the nationwide effort to deal with flooding during which the Chinese have demonstrated a remarkable capacity for shoring up dikes and protecting themselves from flooding.9) For example 1.6 million troops have been mobilized to help protect the dikes and to move people out of areas being flooded.10) Literally millions of civilians are involved in this enormous human effort. 60投资市场
股票市场，国库券市场和企业债券市场是上海最大和最活跃的资本市场。这些市场的日趋活跃，表明上海金融体系越来越成熟，同时也看出上海企业正设法通过直接向群众借款的办法来克服信货紧缩。它还说明，上海投资者越来越聪明。他们购买各种有价证券，从保值定期储蓄、国库券、股票、企业债券，到现在只要能使手中钱不因通货膨胀而贬值的各种其他金融债券。机构投资者和个人投资者踊跃购买每年发行的国库券，企业债券因为期限短。人们争相购买证券，往往前一天晚上就在银行外徘队，一个亿的债券几天就一售而空。 参考译文（60）
1，2)Increasing activity in the stock market the treasury bond and enterprise bond markets—Shanghai’s biggest and most active capital markets—reflects the growing sophistication of the local financial system and the efforts of local enterprises to beat the credit squeeze by6 borrowing directly from the public.3.4) It also indicates that Shanghai investors are getting smarter spreading their portfolios among inflation-linked fixed bank deposits treasury bonds shares and enterprise bonds and other financial instruments now available as a hedge against inflation.5) Treasury bonds issued each year has been the most popular with institutional and individual investors.6) Enterprise bonds are also popular because they have a short maturity and offer an interesting rate of 1—2% more than the average bank deposit rate.7) Often RMB 100 million worth of enterprise bonds are subscribed within a few days by anxious by anxious investors who queue overnight outside banks.
61快乐教育
快乐教育是指强调培养学生成为德，智，体，美，劳全面发展的人。它改变了我们以往唯有高分的学生才是人才的观念。因为我们国家的建设事业不仅仅需要的是工程师和科学家，同样需要各行各业的能工巧匠。 参考译文（61）
1.2)By advocating enjoyable education we mean to challenge the notion that grades are an exclusive measure of one’s talent and to aim to develop children’s total personality not just their academic ability.2) We are also value virtues physical endurance manual skills or artistic abilities.3) For China in her development needs not only engineers and scientists but talent of different kinds. 62美国华人
70年代以来，美国华人社会发生了重大的变化。最显著的是许多来自大陆的中国人不断涌入美国，使美国华人经济日趋繁荣。据悉，自1986年起，美国华人经济已跃居全美少数民族之首，遥遥领先于日裔、韩裔等其他后裔。美国华人家庭的年均收入已超过美国白人家庭。目前，一批华人企业家在美国经济界享有一定声望。更可喜的是，近年来美国冒出一批知名华裔科技人才。他们的科技成就引起了国际科技界的注意和钦佩。同时华人的政治地位明显提高，涉足美国政界的人越来越多。 参考译文（62）
1) Since the 1970s the Chinese community in the USA has undergone tremendous changes among which is its rapid increase in population as many Chinese have kept flooding into America’s shore.3) As the population of the American citizens of Chinese descent has increased and their qualities have evidently improved so their economic conditions have prospered.4) It is said that since 1986 the US citizens of Chinese descent have leapt to a good lead over other racial minorities Japanese and Koreans for instance.5) The average Chinese family’s yearly income has now come to exceed that of the average American family.6) At present there is a number of enterprisers of Chinese descent in the economic circles in the US who enjoy considerable fame.7) An even more cheerful phenomenon is that in recent years there have sprung up in the US prominent scientific and technical talents of Chinese descent.8) Their achievements have come to command the notice and admiration of scientists and technical experts in the world.9) Meanwhile Chinese-descent citizens have roles to play in American political circles as they have risen evidently in political status. 63环境污染
过去，人们并没有充分认识到污染给环境造成的影响。只是把它看成一种会熏黑房屋，弄脏河流的令人讨厌的东西。直到不久前才认识到还会对人体健康造成威胁。而且这种威胁之大，足以影响许多生命的生存，甚至包括人类本身的生存。 参考译文（63）
1) The effect of pollution on the environment was not fully realized.2,3,4) Until recently pollution was seen as more than a nuisance that blackened buildings and sullied streams but as a threat to human health the threat that has become so great in recent years as to challenge the survival of many living things including man himself. 64退休
不同的人对退休持不同的态度。有些人认为退休后可以好好享受晚年的生活。但真的退下来了，他们则有点失望。看到自己就要被抛到废物堆里，他们不甘认命，设法另找事干来发挥自己的于热，以继续得到收入。另一些人则对一生中这样一个重大变动早有准备。他们一生为工作操劳，现在筋疲力尽了，渴望退休后能放松拉紧的弦，好好休息。由于不再需要每天早晨去赶公共汽车了，不再要为晋级虑。就可以有足够的时间去追求童年时的梦想，如写写书、画画图、种
种花、周游各地。总的来说，没有像男的一样感到可怕。 参考译文（64）
1） Attitudes towards retirement vary from person to person.2) Some people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, 3) but when it comes they may feel a little disappointed.4) Unwilling to resign themselves to the prospect of being put on the scrap heap they try to seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of income that employment can provede.5) Others have already prepared themselves for the significant change in their lives.6) Tired out after all exhausting life revolving around work they are anxious to relax in retirement with all the strains relieved.7) As there is no more need to rush to catch a morning bus and no more anxiety about promotion they now have enough time to fulfill an old dream such as writing painting growing flowers and traveling around.8) On the whole female workers tend to have a more favorable attitude towards retirement than male workers.9) Withdrawal from employment to complete domesticity is a far less threatening experience for a woman than for a man. 65经济发展
世界上一些国家发生问题，从根本上来说，都是因为经济上不去，没有饭吃，没有衣穿，没有房住。工资增长被通货膨胀抵消，生活水平下降，大批人下岗和失业，长期过紧日子。如果经济发展老是停留在低速度，生活水平就很难提高。 参考译文（65）
1) Basically the root cause for social unrest in some countries lies in their failure to boost their economy. Consequently they lack food clothing and shelter and their wage increases are offset by inflation.
With a decline in living standards widespread layoffs and unemployment people have to suffer chronic hardship.2) If economic growth remains at the low rate it is difficult for any government to raise people’s living standards. 66北京大学
北京大学的前身是燕京大学。它是一所贵族学校。按理说，学生在政治上应该是保潮开始在校园蔓延。到了1953年，燕京大学竟成为学生抗议运动的策源地。由此爆发了全国抗日战争。就在这时，美国作家爱德加 斯诺来到燕京大学任教。在燕大他呆了两年，接触了中国近代青年。了解了中国大学生的思想。自那后，燕京大学这所外国教会学校发生了很大的变化，它逐渐变成了完全由中国人自己掌握的学校。今天在北京大学的湖畔到处可以听到新一代大学生的欢声笑语。 参考译文（66）
1) Formerly Beijing University was called Yanjing University.2,3) It was an upperclass institution whose students normally should have been political conservatives.4,5) But as the national crisis deepened when the long-standing civil war merged with Japan’s conquest in the North a wave of radicalism began to spread there.67) By 1935 Yanjing university had unexpectedly become the birthplace of student protests which touched off a nationwide anti-Japanese war.8,9) For this reason Edgar Snow an American writer came to teach in Yanjing where he spent nearly two years in touch with modern Chinese youth and their thought.10) Since then Yanjing had evolved from a missionary institution into complete Chinese control.11) And today its lakeside echoes with the chatter and laughter of a new generation of students. 67城市的繁荣
一条一条的高架在上海城市上空编织出精致的网络。一座接着一座摩天大楼拔地而起，把天廓推向更高。在这购物者的天堂里，商店和大商场都挤满了成群结队的游客。而西装笔挺的商人
穿梭在人群里，手拿移动电话谈着生意。 参考译文（67）
1) With new highways weaving their intricate webs above the city of Shanghai more and more skyscrapers emerge and push the skyline ever higher.2,3) Thousands of visitors pack the shops and malls of this shoppers’ paradise and businessmen in smart designer suits discuss business over portable phones as they weave briskly through the crowds.
四十年多来，中国在发展经济的过程中，逐步改善了人民的生存条件，提高了人民的生活水平。经过多年的努力，我们国家已能用仅占世界百分之七的耕地，养活了占世界百分之二十二的人口，使十一亿人民基本解决了温饱问题。 参考译文（69）
1）After more than four decades of efforts to develop economy China has gradually raised the standard of living.2) Now it has solved the problem ;of food and clothing to a point where it has managed to feed its l. l billion people 22 percent of the world’s total population with only 7 percent of the world’s cultivated land. 70毕业选择
最近在高校毕业生择业问题上出现一种倾向，这就是毕业生越来越青睐在公司。很少人愿意到研究单位。在崇尚物质的社会里，这是一个不可避免的问题。学生还没有走出校门，大公司便在竞相聘用他们，向他们提供具有诱惑力的薪水和福利待遇。另一方面，由于许多大企业，甚至包括一些政府部门往往看重接经济效益，而相对来说对长期的理论研究不感兴趣，所以科研人员不断从纯理论研究领域流向实用工业。因为在那里工作要比研究领域里好找，工资也往往高。这些情况不仅严重影响青年人的择业观，而且还影响了教育。许多教师哀叹，现在纯为了学知识而学习的人越来越少了。 参考译文（70）
1)A recent phenomenon in the choice of careers on the part of college graduates is the increasing trend towards big companies.2) Few are interested in research fields.3,4) This is an unavoidable problem in a materialistic society where tempting salaries and fringe benefits are offered by big companies to compete with each other to recruit students before they have completed their studies.5) On the other hand as many big enterprises and even governments tend to concentrate on immediate economic results and show comparatively little interest is long range research there is a steady shift of scientists and researchers from the pure research to the applied field where there are more jobs available with better salaries.7) All this has not only seriously influenced young people’s view on the choice of careers but on education as well.8) Many college these hers deplore that fewer and fewer students these days acquire knowledge only for its own sake. 72太湖
太湖明珠无锡，位于江苏省的南部，地处美丽富饶的长江三角洲的中心地带。这里物产丰富，气候温和，温差不大，雨量偏少，大多数时候阳光灿烂，万里晴空，是全年适合的旅游腹地。适宜的气候，尤其是优美的自然风景使她成为国家重点风景旅游城市闻名世界。与万里长城齐名的古京杭大运河纵贯市区。泛舟河上，能领略水乡的民俗风情。距市区七公里的太湖梅梁景区是太湖风景之精华。碧波万顷，鱼帆点点，湖光山色令人陶醉。其中的鼋头渚，巨石状如鼋头，远眺烟波浩瀚的太湖，被诗人郭沫若誉为“太湖佳绝处。” 参考译文（72）
1) Wuxi the pearl on the Tai Lake lies in the south of Jiangsu Province the center of the beautiful and rich Changjiang Delta.2) The mildness of its climate with slight temperature variations and infrequent rainfall combined with a high average level of sunshine and brilliant skies all make it ideal for tourism
all the year around.3) To these climatic advantages must be added the beauty of its natural attractions which have acquired an international reputation as a key national scenery city.4) The ancient Beijing-to-Hongzhou Canal as well-known as the Great Wall just runs through the city offering visitors on a boat a chance to get a view of the lives of people along the banks of the river.6) Merely 7 kilometers away from the center of the city is the Meiliang the best attraction of the Tai Lake scenery.7) One cannot help being intoxicated by white sails rolling and curving above the sparkling waters with dark and green hills around.8) Among the hills Tortoise Rocks named after its shape resembling a tortoise head overlook the vastness of the Tai Lake They are as GuoMoruo the Chinese great poet put it the best place to enjoy the Tai Lake scenery. 73学习英语
到中国来旅游观光的人很少不会注意到中国人学习英语的劲头。公园里有专门的英语角，老老少少会定期聚在一起操练。马路上外国游客常常被学习英语的人围住交谈，从天气到政治，无所不谈。各种英语班如雨后春笋在到处出现。 参考译文（73）
1) Few visitors to China will fail to notice the eagerness of the Chinese to learn English.2) In public parks there are special corners where English learners old and young gather at regular time to practise their spoken English.3) Foreign visitors are often besieged on streets by English learners who want to talk with them in English abut anything from weather to politics.4) English classes are mushrooming across the land.
在谈话中，他涉及的是一些严肃的问题，诸如国有企业的改革，快速膨胀的政府机构，中国对亚洲邻邦承担的义务，决不使人民币贬值，整治环境和铲除腐败。自始至终，人们时而点头表示赞同，时而捧腹大笑。 参考译文（75）
1) In his talk he tackled serious subjects like the reform of state-owned enterprises and the growing bureaucracy China’s commitment to her Asian neighbors and determination not to devalue her currency the need to clean up the environment or root out corruption.2) All the while people alternately nodded in approval or held their sides with laughter. 76小鸡风波
退休煤矿工人张师傅今年年初买了四只小鸡。有一天发现丢了一只，气得一个劲地埋怨老伴。傍晚，有一只小鸡突然从门外进来，随后邻居王某跟进院来，抓起小鸡就走。张老太哪里肯放。双方争吵起来。原来王某年初也买了两只小鸡最近丢了一只。这时，另一个姓李的邻居过来了解情况。他将有争议的小鸡从两家中间撒出去。那只鸡不去王家，直向张家的鸡群跑去。张师傅叫了声“鸡鸡鸡”，他养的小鸡，连同有争议的那只，争先恐后地跑到他的脚下。王某无话可说，当场认错，一场小鸡风波平息了。 参考译文（76）
1) Mr. Zhang a retired miner bought four chicks early this yeae.2) One day he found one of them missing.2) He got so angry that he kept blaming his wife for it all the time.3) Towards evening into his yard came a chick followed by his neighbor Wang who ran to catch the chick.4) Naturally Zhang’s wife wouldn’t let him go with the chick.5) and so a quarrel ensued.6) It turned out that Wang had also lost one of his two chicks recently which he bought nearly the same time as Mr Zhang did.7) Their quarrel drew another neighbor Lee to the yard to see what was happening.8) Having heard the story he put the chick somewhere between their homes and let it off.9) The chick went straight to join Zhang’s flock and kept returning whenever it was driven to Wang’s home.10) And at Zhang’s call ―Chick chick‖ all the chicks including the one in question recede in response to him.11) Wang had no more to say but