位，有其内在的特殊规律性和结构特征。诗行遵循的规则是韵律规则而非语法规则。但作为诗行，它又不能脱离普通的语法规则，因此语法意义上的诗行就是诗句。
诗歌是由一行一行的诗组成的，但是一行诗不等于是一句诗。虽然英文诗每行的第一个字母一般都要大写，但是一行诗不一定是一个完整的语句，不一定能表达一个完整的意思，常常只有几行诗连接起来，意义才能够完整。
Keen as are the arrows Of that silver sphere
Whose intense lamp narrows In the white dawn clear,
Until we hardly see, we feel that it is there.
(To a Skylark)
在语法和语义上没有结束的诗行称为延续诗行（run-on line）或跨行（enjambment）。
标点符号作为确定诗行或诗句的基本标志。一般来说，无论是句号、逗号、还是分号，它们都是一句诗的标志。
在形式上，诗行长句部分转入下一行不是按
照上一行诗一样排列，而是向右缩进到合适的位置。
To whom the Palmer fearelesse answered; Gertes, Sir knight, ye bene too much to blame,
Thus for to blot the honour of the dead, And with foule cowardize his carkasse shame,
Whose liuing hands immortalized his name.
Vile is the vengeance on the ahses cold, And eruie base, to barke at sleeping fame: Was neuer wight, that treason of him told; You self his prowesse pro’d & found him
fiers & bold.
(The Faerie Quene: Book II. Gant.
VIII)
诗歌选读 1. Definition
Accent iamb Internal rhyme Polysyllabic Spondee Scansion iambic pentameter meter pyrrhic trochee stanza
Sonnet caesura Alliteration blank verse Free verse limericks 2.
Questions
(1) What is the difference between a line of
poetry and a sentence of poetry?
(2) Why should we start our analysis of a
poem by analyzing the lines of poetry of the said poem?
(3) What are two major features of a line
of poetry in a rhyming poem?
(4) What are three major elements of an
accent?
(5) What is the difference between an
accent and a stress? 3. Blank filling 4. True or false
5. Analysis of a poem
Analysis of a poem （200~300 韵律，结构）
Composed upon Westminster Bridge September 3, 1803
William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
Earth had not anything to show more fair: 大地展现出它最壮丽的景象： Dull would he be of soul who could pass by 只有麻痹的灵魂才会无视地走过。 A sight so touching in its majesty: 动人心魄，庄严宏伟，
This City now doth, like a garment, wear 此刻这个城市，象披起一件霓裳： The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, 清晨的明媚；悄然、旷远，
Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie 船、塔、建筑的拱顶、戏院、教堂和寺院 Open unto the fields, and to the sky; 绵延至田野、天边， All bright and glittering in the smokeless air. 在明净的空气中闪现。 Never did sun more beautifully steep 太阳从未如此辉煌美丽地
In his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill; 沉落进她照耀的幽谷、岩石、山冈； Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! 我的心从来没有感受过如斯的静谧！
The river glideth at his own sweet will: 河流轻轻流淌，悠然随着它自己的心韵： Dear God! the very houses seem asleep; 上帝啊！那些房屋就象沉入梦乡， And all that mighty heart is lying still! 宏伟壮阔的伦敦静静栖伏。
Questions
1. Does the poem provide anything like a realistic view of the city? How strong
is this poem on circumstantial detail? Does the poet pick out and mention particular church spires or public buildings? Yes, 建筑永存，人死了。
2. Does the speaker content himself with expressing his pleasure in the beauty
before his eyes? Does he indicate in any way that this particular scene has made a special and unexpected impression on him? (Note that he does indicate that he is surprised.) in what sense is this poem concerned with the relation of a man and nature? Yes, song sense, harmonious.
were written at around the turn of the 19th century, in Georgian times, to illustrate the
authors’ views on the City of London. At this time, the industrial revolution was underway and there was vast growth in the population, due to medical advances and people having more children.
这是一首意大利体的十四行诗。模仿意大利诗人皮特拉克(Petrarch)所创的样式，由两部分组成：第一部分八行(TheOctave)，由的个四行诗体(Quatrains)组成，韵脚是abbaabba；第二部分六行(The Sestet)，韵脚可有不同形式。按严格的意大利十四行诗体，在前八行结尾诗意应告一段落，而后六行又转入新的诗意。前八行主要是描绘伦敦的晨景，而后六行则抒发诗人对伦敦美景的感慨。在诗的前三行，诗人被眼前的景象迷住了，不由得为世界上竟有如此美丽的景色而惊叹。从第四行到第八行，诗人开始描绘伦敦的景色：船只、高塔、穹楼、剧场、教堂，眼前的一切都沐浴在晨辉之中。在这里，诗人采用跨行（run-on lines）的手法，把目及事物，从地上到天空，由近及远一一列举，表现美不胜收的伦敦景观。这种列举为所描绘的画面增添了真实感。第九、十行起着承上启下的作用，一方面这两行承续前面对美景的描绘，从对近处的景物描写扩展到远处的峡谷和山峰，而这一切都浸润在初阳的光辉。难怪在诗的第四、五行，诗人说整个伦敦穿上了美丽晨光的“衣裳”（garment）。另一方面这两行自然地引入第十一行的抒情：“Ne’er saw I，never felt，a calm so deep！”诗人完全沉浸于审美的情景之中。“calm so deep”这三个单音节词都带有重音和长音（长元音和双元音）。这三个词放慢了诗的节奏，从而生动地表现了华兹华斯的平静而深沉的审美体验。在诗的最后，诗人回味起刚才的情景，看到泰晤士河“顺着自由意志”悠然流动时，不禁发出由衷的赞叹：一切是那么宏美，那么幽静。