本科+硕士研究生统筹培养 undergraduate-postgraduates? overall training plan 放宽招生和入学的年龄限制 to widen the age limits of recruitment and enrollment 计算机的普及要从娃娃抓起 the popularization of computer should start from children. 坚持社会主义方向 to keep to the socialist orientation
德才兼备 to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 教书育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge
培养独立分析问题和解决问题的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently
启发学生独立思考的能力 to help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves
培养学生自学能力 to foster the students? ability to study on their own
发挥学生主动性、创造性 to give scope to the students? initiative and creativeness / creativity 自学成才 to become educated through independent study 勤工俭学 work-study program
启发式 elicitation method (of teaching); Heuristic study 填鸭式教学法 cramming; forced-feeding method of teaching 普及教育 universal education
高等教育 higher / tertiary education 普遍教育 general education
职业技术教育 vocational and technical education
高等学校 institution of higher learning / higher education institution (HEI) 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科大学 university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of arts
理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范大学 normal university; teachers? university 师范学院 teachers? college 大学 university
学院 college, school, institute 医科大学 medical university 医学院 medical college
中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音乐学院 conservatory of music 美术学院 academy of fine arts 体育学院 physical culture institute
业余职工大学 spare-time college for staff and workers 电视广播大学 television and radio broadcasting university 函授学院 correspondence school
教师进修学校 teachers? college for vocational studies 半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school
半农半读学校 part-farm work and part-study school
中等专业学校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school
中等技术学校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school 职业学校 vocational school
为聋哑、弱智等残疾儿童开办的学校 special school for deaf-mutes and mentally disabled children
附中 attached middle school 在职进修班 in-service training course 进修班 class for advanced studies 短训班 short-term training course 专修班 special (training) course
自学考试 examinations for the self-taught / exams open to the public 教职员 teaching and administrative staff 教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff
（中小学）校长 headmaster / headmistress; principal （大专院校）校长 president; chancellor 教务长 dean of studies
（系）主任 faculty / department chair / chairperson 副主任 vice-chair
副教授 associate professor
客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor 讲师 lecturer
助教 teaching assistant
辅导员 counselor<美> (assistant for political and ideological work) 教研室 / 组teaching and research section / group 教员休息室 staff room; common room 母校Alma Mater
校友 alumnus(男) 复数alumni ; alumna(女) 复数 alumnae 学生会student(s?) union / association
高年级学生 upper / higher grade student; student in senior grades 低年级学生 lower grade student; student in junior grades 走读生 day student; non-resident student 住宿生 boarder
旁听生 student not formally enrolled
研究生 graduate student; postgraduate (student) 硕士生 postgraduate studying for a master?s degree
博士生 postgraduate studying for a doctor?s / doctoral degree; Ph. D. candidate 应届毕业生 graduating student; this year?s graduate 辍学 / 失学青少年 school dropout
听课to visit a class; to sit in a class; to attend a lecture 公开课open class
课程 course; curriculum 课程表 school timetable
课外活动 extracurricular activities 课外辅导 instruction after class 课外阅读 outside reading
（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus
教学内容 content of courses; course content 学习年限 period of schooling, term of study 学历 record of formal schooling 学年 school / academic year 学期 (school) term; semester 三学期制 the trimester system
双学士制 double BA degree system
主辅修制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field 分数 mark; grade
五分制 the five-grade marking system / five-point grading system 百分制 100-mark system
学习成绩 academic record; school record 成绩单 school report; report card; transcript 毕业论文 thesis; dissertation 毕业实习 graduation field work 毕业设计 graduation project
毕业典礼 graduation ceremony; commencement 毕业证书 graduation certificate; diploma 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal
授予某人学位 to confer a degree on sb.
升级 to go on to the next grade / to promoted to be a higher grade 留级 to repeat the year?s work; to stay down 补考 make-up examination
升学 to go to a school of a higher level; to enter a higher school 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher level 奖学金 scholarship
（国家助学金）(state) stipend / subsidy
领取助学金的学生 a grant-aided student , scholarship student 学费 tuition (fee) 伙食费 board expenses 伙食补助food allowance
UNIT 4
半边天 half the Sky
半封建半殖民地的 semi-feudal and semi-colonial
帝国主义，封建主义，官僚资本主义 imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat capitalism 受……支配；服从于 to be subject to 父姓家族制度 patriarchal family system 男女在政治和经济上不平等的根源
roots of political and economic inequality between men and women
取消一切带歧视性的法律 to abolish all women?s discriminatory legislations 实行改革开发的政策
implementation of the policy of reform and opening up to the outside world 提高妇女地位 to raise women?s status
封建思想根深蒂固 feudal ideas die hard 家务劳动 household chores
在城里打零工 to work on /do odd jobs in the cities 大中型企业 the large and medium-sized enterprises 优化组合 to optimize the production
工作环境中的性骚扰 sexual harassment at work 家庭暴力 family violence at work 拐卖妇女 trafficking in women
适应迅速变化的形势 to keep up with the changing circumstances
自尊、自信、自立、自强 self-respect, self-confidence, self-reliance and self-development 不懈努力 sustained efforts
中国人民政治协商会议 Chinese People?s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) 中国共产党 Communist Party f China (CPC)
国务院各部委 various ministries and commissions under the State Council 带薪的产假 paid maternity leave
从传统产业转向第三产业 to shift to tertiary industry from conventional industries 更适合妇女的生理特点 to be more suited to women?s physiological characteristics 农村妇女创新奖 Prize for Women?s Creativity in Rural Life 世界妇女首脑会议基金 Women?s World Summit Foundation 遗传工程学 genetic engineering 微电子学 microelectronics 院士 academician
中国科学院 Chinese Academy of Science
中国工程院 Chinese Academy of Engineering 中国医学院 Chinese Academy of Medical Science
推动成人教育和职业教育，消除文盲妇女 promoting adult and vocational education and eliminating illiteracy among women
中高级专业职称 professional titles of middle and senior ranks 未成年人 minors
杀婴弃婴 infanticide and abandoning infants 青春期 puberty
体罚 corporal punishment
文盲妇女 women illiterates, illiterate women 普通高校 regular institutions of higher learning 希望工程 Project Hope
春雷计划 the Spring Bud Program
救助事业儿童 to provide assistance to dropouts
基层义务工作者grass-roots health workers and medical staff
孕产妇死亡率 women?s mortality rate due to pregnancy and childbirth 儿童福利机构 children?s welfare institutions 康复中心 rehabilitation centers
聋哑和智残儿童 hearing-impaired and mentally challenged children 前所未有的 unprecedented 服务行业 service industry
低人一等，被人看不起to be looked down upon as inferior to
进入科技前沿领域to have stepped into the frontiers of science and technology 草拟方案 to draft a proposition
采取双重标准 to adopt a double standard 加班加点 to work overtime 提高素质 to improve oneself
中国的妇女顶半边天。Chinese women “hold up half the sky”. 中国的妇女是一种伟大的人力资源。必须发掘这种资源，为了建设伟大社会主义国家而奋斗。 China?s women are a vast human resource.
This resource should be tapped in our effort to build a great socialist country.
旧中国的男子，普遍受到政权、族权和神权这三大权力系统的支配。而妇女，除了要受这三大权力的支配外，还要受夫权的支配，这四种权力——政权、族权、神权、夫权——代表了全部封建宗法的思想和制度，是束缚中国人民特别是农民的四条极大地绳索。
Men in old China were usually subject to the domination of three systems of authority, namely political authority, clan authority and religious authority. As for women, in addition to being dominated by these three systems of authority, they were also dominated by the authority of the husband. These four authorities ——political, clan, religious and masculine embody the whole feudal patriarchal ideology and system, and were the four thick ropes binding the Chinese people particularly the peasants.
大男子主义 male chauvinism
三从（未嫁从父、既嫁从夫、夫死从子）
the three obedience (to father before marriage, to husband after marriage, and to son after the death of husband)
四德（妇德、妇言、妇容、妇功）
the four virtues (morality, proper speech, modest manner and good needlework) 男尊女卑
Men are superior; women are inferior./
The male is respected, while the female is regarded as lowly. 贤妻良virtuous wife and good mother 《中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法》
Laws of the People?s Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women 妇女在政治的、经济的、文化的、社会的和家庭的生活等方面享受与男子平等的权利。 Women enjoy equal rights with men in all aspects of political, economic, cultural, social and family life.
实行男女同工同酬。
To apply the principle of equal pay for equal work to men and women alike Equal pay for equal work should be applied to men and women alike.
国家保护妇女依法享有的特殊权益，逐步完善对妇女的社会保障制度。
The state protects the special rights and interests enjoyed by women according to law, and gradually perfects its social security system with respect to women. 禁止歧视、虐待、残害妇女
Discrimination against women, abuse of women, or causing injury or death to women, are all prohibited.