② Make a knot at the end of the string. 在绳头上打个结。
③ Look, the girl?s hair is full of knots. 瞧!那女孩的头发打满了结。 ★knot作名词，表示“(树枝/干上的)节子，节疤”。如:
① The body of the tree has a lot of knots in it. We have to choose another one. 这棵树身上长满了节疤。我们得另选一棵。 ② The old man didn?t find the knots in the wood. 那老人没有发现木头里的疤痕。
③ You can put the knot wood over there. 你们可以把有节木料放在那边。 ★knot作名词，表示“一小群(人)”。如:
① Little knots of people were walking out of the building. 人们三五成群从那幢大楼里走出来。
② People are standing about in knots, waiting for the news. 人们三五成群站着，等着消息。
★knot用作动词，有“打结”“把……打结”的意思。如:
① The young man carefully knotted his tie. 年轻人仔细地打着领带。
② She had a scarf knotted around her neck. 她把绕在脖子上的围巾打了个结。 ③ I didn?t knot the two ropes together. 我没有把两根绳子结在一起。 ④ This wire is too difficult to knot easily. 这铁丝太不容易打结了。 8. The currency used in China is the yuan. 在中国流通的货币是元。 ★currency作名词，有“通货”“货币”的意思。如:
① You?ll need some cash in local currency but you can also use your credit card. 你将需要一些当地的货币现金，但也可以使用信用卡。
② Today the USA currency is very strong now. 今天美国钞票很值钱。 ③ The robber hid the paper currencies in a big bag and the gold currencies in a jar. 强盗把纸币藏在一个大袋子里，把金币藏在一个坛子里。
④ Foreign currencies can be used to buy things in some shops in this city. 这个城市里有几家商店可以用外币购物。
★currency作名词，是“通用”“流行”“流传”的意思。如: ① The term “post-industrial” now has wide currency. “后工业化”这个术语现已广为使用。
② The rumor soon gained currency. 谣言不胫而走。
③ Most slang words have short currency. 大多数俚语只通用一时。 ④ Don?t give currency to idle gossip. 不要传播闲言。
9. At the centre of Beijing is the Forbidden City. 紫禁城位于北京市中心。 ★forbidden主要用作形容词，意思为“被禁止的、禁用的”。如: ① Parking forbidden. 禁止停车。
② We mustn?t enter the forbidden zone. 我们不能进入禁区。 ③ That is the story about the forbidden fruit. 那就是关于禁果的故事。 ④ The conversation was in danger of wandering into forbidden territory. 谈话很可能离题而涉及严禁讨论的领域。
★forbid作动词，有“禁止”“不准”“妨碍”的意思。它的过去式和过去分词是forbade和forbidden。如:
① Photography is strictly forbidden in the museum. 博物馆内严禁摄影。 ② Smoking is forbidden here. 这里禁止抽烟。
③ My father forbade me to watch television. = My father forbade my watching television.
我父亲不准我看电视。
④ The doctor has forbidden me sugar. 医生禁止我吃糖。 10. almost与nearly的用法
★almost用作副词，意为“几乎”“差不多”，可用来修饰形容词、副词、动词等，表达的意义要比nearly强。如:
① Hurry up-it?s almost time for school. 赶快，差不多到上学时间了。 ② I almost dropped the plate. 我差点把碟子掉子。
③ Almost a third of the freshmen said they were working during the summer vacation. 几乎三分之一的一年级学生说他们在暑假期间打工。
④ They have lived there for almost 20 years. 他们在那儿住了差不多有二十年了。 ⑤ I almost forgot that it was her birthday today. 我差点忘了今天是她的生日。 【注】almost修饰形容词、副词、动词，位置在被修饰的词语之前，通常不直接修饰名词。
★almost可以与no, none, nobody, nothing, never连用而nearly则不可。如: ① Almost no one believed her. 几乎没有人相信她。 ② I almost never see her. 我几乎从未见过她。
③ Almost none of the students passed the exam. 几乎没有学生通过考试。 ④ There?s almost no place to sit. 差不多没地方坐了。
★nearly意为“几乎”“差不多”，可以修饰不定代词、动词、介词短语等，表达的意义要比almost弱。如:
① Nearly all the guests are here. 差不多所有客人都到了。
② He thinks that he knows nearly everything. 他自认为几乎无所不知。 ③ I?m nearly ready. 我差不多准备好了。 ④ She nearly won first prize. 她几乎得到头奖。 ★nearly用作数词前，意为“大约”“差不多”。如: ① It?s nearly 5 o?clock. 大约五点钟了。 ② He?s nearly sixty. 他差不多60岁了。
★not nearly意为“相差很远”“远远少于”，相当于far from, much less than。如: ① There isn?t nearly enough time to learn all these new words. 要把这些新词都学会了，时间远远不够。
② We are not nearly ready for the inspection. 对检查一事，我们还远远未准备好。 ③ It is not nearly so easy as you think. 这远不是你们所想的那么容易。
④ There are not enough people here to do the job. 这工作远非这里的人就能干好的。
11. The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live here. 明朝和清朝的皇帝过去常常住在这里。
★used to do表示“过去常常做某事”，言外之意就是现在已不是如此，因此没有现在时，后面总是跟不定式。如:
① It used to be a very rich village. 这个村子以前很富。
② We used to help him a lot when he first came here. 他刚来时我们经常给他以帮助。
③ She used to come and see me a lot. 她以前常来看我。
【注】used to构成疑问句时可借助于助动词did或直接将used移至主语之前。如:
Did you used to see each other? = Used you to see each other? 你们以前经常相互见面吗?
★used to在构成否定时可借且于didn?t，也可直接在used后面加not构成。如:
① She didn?t use to drink. = She used not to drink. 她过去不常喝酒。 ★be used to +名词或动名词表示“习惯于某事或做某事”，这里to为介词，后面的动词须用-ing形式。如:
① I?m really not used to such close and wet weather. 我实在不习惯这样闷热且潮湿的天气。
② He?s used to being treated like that. 他已习惯于被那样对待。 ③ I?m used to dealing with matters of this kind. 我已习惯于处理这类事。 【注】连系动词get, become, grow, seem等可用来代替be，和used to连用，强调逐渐习惯的过程。如:
① You?ll get used to that in time. 你很快就会对此习惯的。 ② I?ve become used to such food. 我已习惯吃这样的食品。
★be used to do表示“被用来做某事”，这里be used是被动语态，后面接不定式。如:
① This room is used to store rice. 这间屋是用来存放稻谷的。
② This word can be used to replace that word. 这个单词可以用来代替那个单词。