?政府号召建立更多的技术学校。
?2. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study. ?独立思考对学习绝对是必要的。
?3. A successful scientist must be a good observer. ?一个成功的科学家一定善于观察。
?4. The operation of a machine needs some knowledge of its performance. ?操作机器需要懂得一些机器的性能。
?5. Workers are all for the cutting down the cost of production. ?工人们都赞成降低成产成本。 ?6. Quick decision characterized him. ?当机立断是他的特点。
?7.He was motivated by a desire to reach a compromise. ?他的动机是达成某种协议。
?8. Robots have found application for the exploration of the outer space. ?机器人已经被用于探索外太空。
?9. We are deeply convinced of the correctness of this theory. ? 我们深信这一政策是正确的。
?在英译汉中词汇的翻译除了这些有技巧的外还有很多是考察固定词组和表达法也是考察
的重点和难点，考核频率最高，几乎达100%。 ?真题：
?1. As far as an Advertising and Sales Manager concerned, excellent oral English is also a
necessary requirement.(2007)
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?就广告与营销经理而言，一流的口语也是必需的技能。
?2. It is reported that so far, foreign insurance companies have made their way into 19 cities
in China.（2007）
?据报道，到目前为止，外国保险公司已经进驻中国19个城市。
?3. In no case are you to break your word to us.(2003) ?无论在什么情况下，您对我们都不能食言。
?4. To find out the weather ten years ago, count the ring far from the outside to the
inside.(2004)
?要想了解十年前天气的状况，从外向里数一数树干的年轮。
?5. In the end, they found that people with major depression were three times as likely to die
of heart disease as were patients who were not depressed. (2005)
?最后，他们发现患有抑郁症的人死于心脏病的可能性比不抑郁的病人高三倍。
?6. For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their
borders.(2006)
?为了某种考虑，所有国家都会对过境的外国商品增加贸易壁垒。
Exercises
?1. Compared with the place where I grew up, this town is more prosperous and exciting. ?与我成长的地方相比，这个城镇更加繁荣，更加令人兴奋。
?2. By contrast, American mothers were more likely to attribute their children’s success to
natural talent.
?相反，美国妈妈更可能把孩子的成功归因于自然禀赋/天赋。
?3. The finding of this study failed to take people’s sleep quality into account ?本研究的发现没有将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内.
?4. Because of the leg injury, the athlete decided to quit the match. ?因为腿部受伤，这个运动员决定退出比赛。
?5. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because the former is
more convenient and timesaving.
?比起在百货商店购物我更喜欢网上购物，因为它更加方便和省时. （网上购物和百货商店
购物我更喜欢前者，因为前者更加方便省时。）
?6. Our effort will pay off if the results of this research can be applied to the research and
development of new technology
?如果这次研究的结果能够应用于新技术的研发，我们的努力就会有回报。
?7. In the future you will be exposed to more and more choices, not less.
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?将来你会面对越来越多的选择，而不会（比现在）少。
?8. Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened. ?童年的每一件事都浮现在我的脑海中，就像刚刚发生的一样。（蜂拥而至）
Sentence translation
?一、增词法
?增词法亦称增补法或者增译法，指的是在英汉翻译中适当增加原文中虽无形式却又其意的
成分，以使译文更加自然通顺，完整贴切的表达原文的思想内容。
?Success is often just an idea away. ?原译：成功往往只是一个念头的距离。 ?改译：成功与否往往只是一念之差。
?1. I hope that the meeting will not be too long, for it will only waste time. (if it last too long). ?我希望这次会议不要开的太久了，因为太久了只会浪费时间。 ?2. It’s more expensive than it was last time but not as good. ?价格比上次的高，但是质量比上次差。
?3. He spoke hopefully of the success of the negotiation. ?他满怀希望的谈到谈判会取得成功。（增加动词）
?4. From the evaporation of water people know that liquids can turn into gases under
certain conditions.
?根据水的蒸发现象，人们认识到液体在一定条件下可以变成气体。（抽象名词）
?5.Repeat the experiment using a wooden ruler, a metal spoon, a coin, a pencil, and a rubber
eraser. （量词）
?再用一把木尺，一把金属匙，一枚硬币，一支铅笔，一个铁盒盖和一块橡皮，重做这个实
验。
?6. The agreement will come into force next spring. ?协定将于明年春天生效。（时态）
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?7. Having never handled a computer, he met with some difficulties at first. ?由于他从来没有用过计算机，一开头他碰到了很多困难。（连接词）
? 8. They say her father was a worker in the small company. Maybe he was as poor as us. ?听人说，以前她的父亲在一个小工厂里当工人。他那时也许和我们一样穷。（时态）
真题
?1. With the increasing awareness of the environment, people have realized that the way coal
is used is critical and new approaches have to be sought.(2001)
?随着环境意识的增强，人们认识到煤炭使用的方法至关重要，因此必须寻找新的方法。 ?2. Only by this means is it possible to explain his failure to act decisively.(2002) ?只有以这种方式，才有可能解释他没能采取决定性行动的原因。
?3. We are sure this was just due to carelessness in quality control, and that you will send
another shipment of shirts promptly to replace this faulty one.(2004)
?我们相信这批衬衫只是由于质量控制不慎导致的问题，并相信你们会尽快给我们再次发货
代替这次的残次品。
?4. Experts have long thought that depression could be bad for your heart.(2005) ?长期以来，专家们相信抑郁对人们的心脏有害。
?5. All lawyers have had expensive and highly specialized training, and they worked long,
difficult hours for the money they earn.(2005)
?所有的律师都接受过价格昂贵且高度专业化的培训，他们的收入需要长时间而又艰辛的工
作才能换取。
?6. Since some colleges or university courses are “applied” rather than theoretically, they
stress “doing” and “involvement”.(2011)
?由于一些学院或者大学里的课程是应用型的而不是理论型的，因此更强调动手和参与。
二、省略法
?减词不减意
?冠词、代词、物主代词、反身代词、it、介词、连词等。 ?Gas leakage will cause a fire, hence you have to take care. ?煤气泄漏会引起火灾，因此必须注意。
?This machine has worked in succession for seven or eight hours. ?这台机器已经连续运转七八个小时了。
?He put his hands into his pockets and then shrugged his shoulders. ? 他双手插进口袋，然后耸了耸肩。
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?三、重复法
?在译文中适当重复原文中出现过的词语，是意思表达的更加清楚，或者加强语气，突出强
调某些内容，收到更好的修辞效果。
?People use natural science to understand and change nature. ?人们利用自然科学去了解自然、改造自然。
?Scientists are still not very clear about the chemical and physical characteristics of this
substance.
?科学家仍然不清楚这种物质的化学特性和物理特性。
?He only knows that it is Mary who nursed him day and night. ?他只知道，是玛丽日日夜夜的护理他。
真题
?1. Any academic breakthrough, brilliant it may be, does not automatically ensure that it can
be applied to practice. (2001)
?任何学术上的突破，即使本身很卓越，但是也并非自然而然地就可以运用于实践。 ?2. Pessimistic forecasts say that there is only enough coal for 450 years, enough natural gas
for 50 years and that oil might run out in 30 years.（2006）
?不乐观的说法是，煤的储量只能供450年之用，天然气只能满足50年之用，而石油只能
用30年
英汉翻译中适当使用重复可以使译文更加言简意赅、生动活泼、通顺流畅。 A mixed accent 南腔北调 ?Gratitude ?感恩戴德
?By hook and brook ?千方百计 ?Ignorant ?愚昧无知 ?Calm ?泰然自若 ?Careless ?马虎大意 ?Deep hatred ? 深仇大恨
?Talk innocence ?胡言乱语 ?Prosperity ?繁荣昌盛 ?earth-shaking ?惊天动地
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